The multi-factor allocation model for large-scale earthwork transportation in Pinglu Canal involves not only a large amount of earthwork excavation,transportation,and disposal in construction projects,but also is constrained by many factors such as topography,transportation conditions,environmental protection requirements,construction time windows,cost budgets,etc.A linear programming model is constructed to define decision variables on the basis of engineering practice by systems theory and optimization theory.The key variables for decision-making are clarified,such as excavation volume,transportation volume,and consumption volume of soil and stone at different locations.An objective function is constructed on the basis of engineering objectives to minimize potential costs such as transportation cost,processing cost,and time cost.A linear programming solver is used to solve the model,and the optimal earthwork allocation plan is obtained.Actual data on excavation,transportation,and disposal of earth and stone are collected in real time during the construction process,then measured data collected are iterated feedback and optimized.The measured data are compared with the predicted results of the model,and the reasons for the differences are analyzed.The factors that are inconsistent with the actual situation or not considered are optimized and adjusted.The model parameters or constraints are adjusted on the basis feedback.According to the optimized model results,the construction plan and resource allocation to improve efficiency and reduce costs are adjusted.The successful application of this allocation model in canal and waterway engineering has important theoretical significance and engineering practical value.