This study addresses the threat posed by surge waves induced by the collapse of unstable rock masses along the bank zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir to navigation facilities and ship safety.A fully coupled analysis covering the entire chain of “rock mass entering water-surge wave propagation-ship response” is carried out.Taking the Diaozui dangerous rock mass in the Fengjie section and the surrounding pontoon terminal-moored Yangtze River ship system as the research objects,a three-dimensional numerical simulation method is adopted to simulate the processes of dangerous rock collapse into water,surge wave generation and propagation.The motion response characteristics of the pontoon and moored Yangtze River ships under the action of surge waves are analyzed,and the laws of surge wave generation and propagation induced by the Diaozui dangerous rock,the motion response characteristics of the mooring system,and its safety status are summarized.The results show that the rock collapse and water entry process lasted only 16 seconds,with an initial wave height of 26.4 m.The surge attenuated significantly in the core zone due to energy dispersion,riverbed resistance and other factors,whereas the maximum wave height at the far end was slightly higher than the initial wave as a result of wave reflection and superposition.Under the action of surge,the pontoon and river vessel exhibited the most significant roll response,with highly synchronized sway,surge and heave motions.The mooring ropes were subjected to tension close to the breaking load,posing risks of collision and instability.Preemptive untying of mooring ropes can substantially reduce the maximum roll amplitude of the vessel,enabling it to quickly restore stability via its own restoring moment and effectively mitigate disaster risks.