To address the problems of high cracking risk caused by hydration heat during construction,low construction efficiency,and serious pollution from wet operations associated with traditional cast-in-place navigation walls of ship locks,this paper investigates the structural design and mechanical performance of fully assembled navigation walls for ship locks in mountainous rivers.A fully prefabricated assembly scheme using high-strength bolts for intra-layer connections and longitudinal anchor bars for inter-layer connections is adopted.A layered assembly method based on 4 m×2 m×2.4 m modular standard components is established,together with design methods for the shear mechanism of intra-layer bolts and the anti-slip mechanism of inter-layer anchor bars.A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model is developed to investigate the structural stress and deformation,contact state,and performance of connectors under operation at high water level,operation at low water level,completion condition,and check condition.Results show that the maximum slip between assemblies is 1.07 mm,and the maximum principal stress of bolts is 215.30 MPa,which is below the yield strength of 300 MPa.Local yielding occurs in anchor bar bundles,but the structural integrity is favorable.The anti-sliding stability safety factor ranges from 1.15 to 1.45,satisfying the code limits.The study indicates that fully prefabricated navigation walls possess good mechanical properties and engineering applicability in ship locks of mountainous rivers.