During the operation of a liquid bulk cargo terminal，excessive water hammer pressure is likely to make the processing pipeline rupture and cause a fire or explosion at the terminal. This article analyzes the causes and hazards of the water hammer phenomenon in the terminal process pipeline combined with engineering examples. Using water hammer calculation formula and professional software numerical simulation，the water hammer pressure values of the terminal process pipeline under different working conditions are obtained，and then preventive measures to prevent the terminal process pipeline from being damaged by water hammer are put forward.