To comprehensively grasp the hidden dangers of natural disasters in China and improve the comprehensive prevention ability of the whole society against natural disasters，the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters is carried out from 2020 to 2022. To master the spatial distribution，basic attribute characteristics，and natural disaster attribute characteristics of national waterway disaster bodies，master the base of national waterway natural disasters，and form the comprehensive risk zoning of national waterway natural disasters，Technical guide for comprehensive risk survey of waterway disaster bodies in natural disaster is carried out. By constructing the comprehensive risk assessment indexes and weights of natural disasters in port operation areas，inland waterways，navigation structures，and shipping hubs，the risk level is evaluated by the index system method and the risk matrix method，and the risk assessment and risk zoning map of national waterway natural disasters is formed，which will provide scientific decision-making basis for emergency management of national and local governments at all levels.