In order to explore the high-precision remote sensing monitoring technology of hydrology，topography and ecology of the Yangtze River Estuary in a large range，high frequency and anti severe sea conditions，the satellite earth simultaneous measurement test is carried out by using Gaofen-5 satellite，and the hyperspectral big data needed for modeling is obtained. The hyperspectral image inversion model of water parameters such as sediment concentration are established by using function fitting and other data modeling methods，which shows the output effect of the inversion model for sediment concentration. Finally，the further research direction is pointed out.