Low pile cap revetment is a kind of structure constituted of pile foundation,cushion cap,retaining wall,which cushion cap is below ground.This paper uses elastic foundation beam theory and finite element method to design the revetment structure separately，and verifies the accuracy of two methods.On this basis,this paper studies on the variation of the horizontal displacement of the low pile cap revetment under the complex surcharge load by controlling surcharge load parameters(distance,width and value of surcharge load) and pile foundation parameters(length,diameter and spacing of pile).The results show that the horizontal displacement is affected by the surcharge load located at a range of four times retaining height to frontier of the wall,and the length of the pile has little effect on the horizontal displacement.The achievements can provide references for similar projects.