The temperature distribution is closely related to the crack of large volume concrete,and the thermal conductivity of concrete is the most important parameter for the analysis of the temperature distribution.This paper investigates the test method of thermal conductivity,including the cylinder method,guarded hot plate method,and heat flow meter method,and the test results are between 0.37～3.99 W(m?K).According to the temperature monitoring results of Anrenpu lock,we simplify the component as a cylinder for the calculation of thermal conductivity,and the calculated thermal conductivity is 0.23 W(m?K).The calculated thermal conductivity is used for finite element simulation of temperature distribution inside the component,and the calculated results coincide well with the actual monitoring results.