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2025(3):1-7
Abstract:
Three super-large container berths with a capacity of 200,000-ton each are planned to be built in the eastern operation area of Yantian Port.To address the technical challenges caused by the long hull,high safety requirements for mooring,and significant wind and wave impacts on the southern berths,which complicate the layout of the dock,an analysis based on the surplus length between berths and the effects of wind and waves has been conducted.This analysis proposes reasonable optimization measures for the dock layout.Firstly,in accordance with regulatory requirements,mooring needs of shipping companies,and port operational conditions,it is suggested that the surplus length between berths be set at 90 meters,ensuring safety and feasibility through mooring simulation calculations;Secondly,regarding the issue of unreclamed area in the southeast corner of the port,an analysis of the mooring stability conditions under single and combined wind and wave scenarios for the southern berths has been conducted.It has been clarified that adopting a full-coverage layout can significantly increase the number of berths operation days.This article effectively resolves the safe mooring issues for super-large container ships and provides scientific basis for the necessity of land reclamation in the southeast corner of the port area,meeting the requirements of mooring safety and stability.
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ZHANG Rui, FENG Hao, PAN Wenbo
2025(3):8-14
Abstract:
A certain project is located in an open sea area with complex terrain,complex tidal characteristics,and large changes in wind,waves,and water depth below the dock.To meet the safety of ship berthing and disembarking under such complex port construction conditions,a hybrid structure combining closely arranged diversion piles and high pile docks is adopted.The application effect of this new structure is verified through physical model tests of tidal currents,waves,and mooring,and the standards for mooring and berthing operations are determined.The experiment shows that this structure can effectively improve the flow state and reduce the cross flow intensity.At the same time,the diversion effect can be changed by adjusting the spacing between the diversion piles,reducing the engineering investment.The overall stress of the new dock structure can fully utilize the functions of each part,improve the hydrological conditions of the dock front water area,and achieve a balance between engineering technology and economy.The aim is to provide reference for the design of dock structures under similar complex port construction conditions.
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2025(3):15-21
Abstract:
To analyze the impact of different energy medium selection and supplement methods on process plane layout and engineering investment,this paper conducts a systematic study on various automatic level transportation equipment and corresponding energy supplement methods.The comparative analysis method is adopted to determine the optimal solution of energy supplement from the convenience,technology maturity,driving range,energy supplement mode and energy investment for horizontal transportation equipment of automated container terminal.This paper makes a systematic analysis of the influence factors of energy medium selection and supplementary mode of automatic container terminal,and puts forward a complete solution of energy medium selection and supplementary mode of automatic horizontal transportation equipment.The research results can provide the decision basis for the construction of automated container terminal.
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ZHOU Na, SHI Xiaodi, TANG Zhaoping
2025(3):22-28
Abstract:
In the east operation area of Yantian Port,the overall layout of the automated container terminal is difficult due to the large amount of single vessel operation,high operation efficiency requirements,irregular land morphology,high proportion of water and land transfer,multiple boundaries and complex terrain conditions.Aiming at this problem,the key factors of the overall layout of the automated container terminal are analyzed and their importance is evaluated.Combined with the characteristics of the project,the automatic layout and multi-level intelligent gate layout mode of “ automatic double car quay crane + unmanned container truck + automatic double cantilever ARMG,yard parallel to the front line of the terminal,side operation” are proposed,which has good site adaptability and high degree of automation.At the same time,the spacial traffic separation mode of inner and outer container trucks of “turn around at the end of the container area” is adopted,and the rolling development will meet the demand of full capacity operation when port opens in the near future.The arrangement method solves the overall layout problem under complex terrain conditions in the east operation area of Yantian port area,and can provide reference for similar projects.
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XIANG Qingling, GUO Zhaojia, SONG Fan
2025(3):29-35
Abstract:
This article focuses on the overall layout mode of automated container ports based on unmanned container trucks,and conducts research on factors such as throughput capacity,operational efficiency,and construction costs under different layout modes.By comparing and analyzing four representative automated container ports and similar projects in China,combined with the technical characteristics of unmanned container trucks,the characteristics and applicable objects of four typical overall layout modes of automated container ports are obtained.Suitable layout mode can be selected based on the composition of container volume collection and distribution,automation implementation progress,and investment costs.Layout mode 3 adopts the mode of “double spanner,single car quay crane + double cantilever ARMG(parallel to terminals) + unmanned container truck + end U-turn and space isolation”,which has high safety,strong adaptability,good short-term and long-term connection,and can be widely promoted.
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2025(3):36-42
Abstract:
Regarding the layout of twistlocks destuffing stations for automated container terminals,in order to analyze the impact of different layout types of twistlocks destuffing stations on the efficiency of automated container terminals,this paper systematically studies the advantages and disadvantages of various twistlocks destuffing stations processes and their applicable scenarios.The layout of twistlocks destuffing stations is a core influencing factor of quayside operation area in automated container terminals.This paper adopts a combination of comparative analysis and simulation verification methods to determine the optimal solution for twistlocks destuffing technology in automatic container terminals from dimensions such as the quay crane system efficiency,equipment ratios,traffic smoothness and principal dimensions of quayside operation area.A systematic analysis is conducted on the layout and influence factor of the twistlocks destuffing stations for automatic container terminals,and a complete solution for twistlocks destuffing technology is proposed.The research results can provide decision basis for the process layout of automated container terminals.
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SHI Xiaodi, ZHOU Na, LAN Jiazhi, TANG Zhaoping
2025(3):43-49
Abstract:
To the complex environmental characteristics of irregular landforms,narrow depth to the west with mountains at the rear,a centralized and single external transportation system,and a high proportion of water-to-land transfer of east operation area in Yantian Port,there are technical problems with the layout of the port area's collection and distribution system.Firstly,through analysis,comparison,and simulation validation,combined with the operational characteristics of Yantian Port.A new multi-level intelligent gate layout model is proposed,consisting of secondary entering gates and tertiary exiting gates.This model integrates entering and exiting traffic through the Yantian East Interchange and incorporates sufficient buffer spaces to prevent congestion on elevated roads.Secondly,various administrative vehicle passages,including dedicated ramp bridges crossing the gate area,are established to avoid traffic intersections with container trucks.Finally,a dedicated Middle-East corridor is established in a suitable area to facilitate interconnection between the middle and east operation areas.Through these arrangements,this paper effectively resolves the difficulties in arranging the collection and distribution system of east operation area in Yantian Port,and improves the level of traffic service in the port area.
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2025(3):50-55
Abstract:
Through the analysis of characteristics of Yantian Port transportation,it is found that the main reasons for the mixed traffic and the tension between port and city is the small land depth restricting the port operation area,the seriously unbalanced distribution ratio of port-evacuating traffic system relying on highway transportation,the insufficient port supporting facilities and the relatively old infrastructure.It is proposed to improve the role of Pingyan railway by increasing the proportion of sea-rail intermodal transportation,strengthen infrastructure construction and make full use of intelligent management,and study the optimization of the possibility of container underground logistics transportation.Practice has proved that these methods have a significant effect in the optimization of the port-evacuating traffic,they can improve the port-evacuating traffic system,enhance the efficiency and the competitiveness of the port area and reduce the contradiction of caused by the congestion of port traffic.The research results can provide reference for the traffic optimization of the container port area with a small land depth.
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2025(3):56-62
Abstract:
In view of the problems such as inconsistent image of gates and entrances in the port area,lack of characteristics and unreasonable functional layout,the integrated design of port gate portal image is studied and discussed.The research adopts the comprehensive design concept,combining the cultural characteristics of the port area and the modern architectural design elements.Through the field investigation,user investigation and data analysis methods,the appearance image,functional layout and intelligent service of the gate portal are comprehensively optimized.The results show that the integrated design not only improves the overall aesthetics and identification of the port gate,but also significantly enhances the user experience and traffic efficiency.Meanwhile,the introduction of intelligent services makes the gate management more efficient and convenient.The integrated design of the gate portal image is an important means to enhance the image of the port area,optimize the functional layout and enhance the intelligent service,which is of great significance for promoting the modern development of the port area.
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ZHAO Min, GU Xiangkui, FENG Hao
2025(3):63-70
Abstract:
In the testing of pile foundation bearing capacity of high pile wharf,the traditional static load test can not be implemented due to the limitations of offshore site conditions.However,the self-balancing pile test method is gradually popularized and applied because of its advantages such as simple test device,large tonnage loading,inclined pile detection and strong site adaptability.Based on the application example of the self-balancing pile test method in a high pile wharf in Shenzhen,this paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and main problems of the self-balancing pile test method,and puts forward understanding,thinking and application suggestions for the problems.It points out that the connection between the load cell and the upper and lower piles,as well as the treatment of the jacked gap are the key to the application of self-balancing method in engineering piles.The self-balancing pile test method can be applied to engineering piles when the upper section piles still meet the uplift bearing capacity after the load cell is buried.For non-engineering piles,self-balancing test pile method has wide adaptability.
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2025(3):71-79
Abstract:
Marine sedimentary soil(MSS) is widely present in coastal engineering such as ports,which is easy to be disturbed,poor in engineering characteristics and difficult to accurately characterize the mechanical parameters.Based on the geological survey data of Yantian Port,the correlation between the standard penetration response characteristics and soil property parameters of MSS is studied,and an intelligent interpretation method of mechanical parameters based on the standard penetration response is constructed by using a fully connected feedforward neural network.The results show that the standard penetration response of MSS in Yantian Port is significantly affected by the physical and mechanical properties of soil,and the relationship between the two is difficult to be characterized by the existing empirical formulas.However,the intelligent interpretation model constructed in this paper can well reflect the nonlinear relationship between the standard penetration number and various factors,and can obtain the predicted value of the mechanical parameters with high accuracy.The research results can provide reference and guidance for the evaluation of mechanical parameters of MSS in port construction.
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2025(3):80-84
Abstract:
In view of the problem that φ50 mm drill pipe is used for standard penetration test(SPT) without correcting the SPT count,the SPT count of φ42 mm and φ50 mm drill pipes in the same site are tested,the hammer energy ratio and the SPT count of the two drill pipes are obtained,and the correction method of φ50 mm drill pipe SPT count through data comparison is established.Taking the first phase of Donggang project in Yantian port area,Shenzhen Port as an example,the SPT count of two types of drill pipe in different soil layers are measured.The results show that the total input energy of φ50 mm drill pipes is about 5% higher than that of φ42 mm drill pipe.According to the relationship between the hammer energy ratio of the two drill pipe types and the ratio of the SPT count,the correction coefficients of the SPT count of silty clay and medium coarse sand are 0.85 and 0.87 respectively when φ50 mm drill pipe is used in this site.
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YI Yang, CHEN Kai, ZHAO Shuguang, SUN Deke
2025(3):85-91
Abstract:
To address the difficulties associated with fill investigations,such as complex composition,uneven distribution,and the challenge of identifying engineering geological characteristics,a series of methods are used including data collection,geological drilling,in-situ testing,hydrogeological observation,and laboratory testing,to obtain relevant data for the artificial fill,contour maps of fill spatial distribution and groundwater levels are generated using the principles of the rectangular grid algorithm.Through statistical and comprehensive analysis,the physical and mechanical indexes for the fill are derived,and the relevant geotechnical parameters are recommended,followed by an evaluation of special geotechnical characteristics and corresponding engineering recommendations.The results show that through scientific survey methods and analysis,we can reasonably deal with the difficulties of filling exploration,predict and deal with the complexity of artificial fill,and ensure the safety and quality of engineering construction.
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2025(3):92-95
Abstract:
To estimate the sinking resistance and sinking force of the bucket-foundation on the composite foundation,the tide level,the vacuum degree of the compartment and the bottom elevation of the bucket-foundation structure in the sinking process are obtained through the field in-situ test,the influence law of the composite foundation on the sinking of the bucket-foundation structure is analyzed.The parameter values for estimating the sinking resistance of the bucket-foundation structure are obtained,and the estimated values of the sinking force are determined.The results show that the top elevation of sand pile in composite foundation is the key to control the installation quality,and it is suggested to select high-power vacuum equipment to ensure the controllability of sinking force.The research results can provide technical basis for the sinking construction of bucket-foundation construction.
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2025(3):96-100
Abstract:
The site of this project is complex and the distribution of soil layers is uneven.When choosing prefabricated piles,it is difficult to cross the upper gravel soil layer and weathered bedrock layer.When choosing cast-in-place piles,loose gravel and sand layers are distributed in the shallow part of the site.The permeability coefficient of the sand layer is high,and it has a strong hydraulic connection with the surface seawater.The flow of groundwater may be affected by the rising and falling tides of seawater,which can cause erosion of the borehole wall and increase the possibility of borehole wall collapse.In response to the complex site issues mentioned above,preliminary cast-in-place pile and PHC pile tests are conducted on site.The mud loss of the cast-in-place pile test is severe,and the filling coefficient is too high.Measures such as using a 10 m steel casing and mud reinforcement to configure the viscosity coefficient still showed abnormal phenomena.The PHC pile test is conducted using the method of using a hole to assist in pile sinking for compressive static load testing,achieving the ultimate bearing capacity requirements.This article compares and designs pile types from multiple perspectives such as safety,economy,and construction feasibility,and determines the use of PHC piles,which can provide valuable design experience for engineering design.
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WANG Ziwen, GUO Zhaojia, ZHANG Rui, LEI Yang, PAN Wenbo
2025(3):101-108
Abstract:
A certain engineering adopts the scheme of setting closely arranged inclined piles with low permeability at the forefront of the wharf to conform to the flow state of the forefront,which is combined closely arranged inclined piles with high pile wharf structure.To investigate the wave reflection and wave load on the new closely arranged inclined pile wharf structure under different water levels,wave directions,and recurrence periods of wave action,we carry out overall physical model tests of waves to analyze wave elements under different operating conditions.The results show that there are significant differences in wave reflection at different positions in front of the closely arranged inclined piles,with a maximum comprehensive reflection coefficient is 1.45 and a maximum comprehensive transmission coefficient is 0.40.The difference in wave reflection between 90° transverse waves and 25° oblique waves is significant,about 1.22 times.There are gaps between the closely arranged inclined piles and upper wave crossing spaces that dissipate wave energy,and the structural scheme is feasible.The use of this scheme can break the dependence of physical diversion embankments on maritime policies,while reducing the impact on the marine environment and achieving intensive utilization of complex coastlines.
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2025(3):109-115
Abstract:
To large number of proposed buildings,large-scale engineering,and complex geological conditions in large-scale land reclamation projects,there are many geological risks that may lead to quality hazards during subsequent construction.Taking the east operation area of Yantian Port as an example,the project characteristics,engineering geological features,and experience of Shenzhen area are studied and technically analyzed.Based on the comprehensive assessment of traditional geological hazards and the geological risk sources existing in this project,a geological risk analysis process for ports formed on large land area is proposed.According to this process,risk analysis is carried out and the risk levels are divided.The results show that:there are four high-risk factors in the project,including the easy breakage zone of the hydraulic fill silt insertion plate,the difficulty in determining the bedrock roof in soft rock areas,the difficulty in determining pile foundation parameters,and the easy collapse of holes in the construction of gravel filled soil pile foundations.Risk prevention measures and treatment plans are proposed,and feedback analysis is conducted on the actual problems and risks analysis during the construction process,which is verified and beneficial for avoiding risks during construction,providing guidance for the design and construction of similar large-scale water transportation projects.
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2025(3):116-120
Abstract:
The east operating area of Yantian Port is planned to be developed into an automated container yard,which will be operated by rail-mounted gantry crane（RMG）.Due to the lack of conditions for pile foundation construction on the site,the track foundation area will be reinforced by dynamic compaction replacement method.In response to the extremely complex geological composition and frequent abrupt changes in the area,as well as the high requirements for differential settlement by rail cranes,this article combines the detection data of the completed foundation treatment area on site and adopts the theory of isotropic homogeneous linear deformation to analyze and calculate the post construction settlement and differential settlement of the site.The results show that dynamic compaction replacement has a significant improvement on the foundation settlement,but the differential settlement is relatively large at the junction of the local riprap layer and the fill layer.In response to this conclusion,this article conducts a study on the scheme of automated monitoring and proposes the idea of using a total station automated detection system to monitor areas with high safety risk factors.Through the automatic organization of data and analysis results by the automated monitoring system,the safety of track operation can be monitored and controlled in real time.
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2025(3):121-127
Abstract:
To solve the problems of over-height,under-height,deviation,cracking of pile head,and pile body cracks,as well as the integrity anomalies and insufficient bearing capacity of cast-in-place piles and embedded piles during the construction of foundation piles of high-pile wharves in port engineering,this paper proposes cutting piles,partially lowering the elevation of the upper structure,partially increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper structure,adding pile caps,splicing piles,filling piles,reinforcing with wrapping,and post-grouting treatment technologies.Through the analysis of the effect of post-grouting reinforcement measures on bearing capacity improvement in engineering examples,it provides data support for the common problem treatment technologies of cast-in-place piles and embedded piles.The research results can provide reference for the treatment of foundation piles for high-pile wharves.
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2025(3):128-132
Abstract:
Elastic foundation beam is a widely used foundation form in rail foundations,characterized by high beam stiffness,small deformation,and good overall integrity.This structural form can effectively disperse and transmit the load of the upper structure,providing stable and reliable support.The design focus of elastic foundation beams is on the calculation and analysis of the foundation's stress in order to reasonably control the bending moment and foundation stress of the beam body.The finite element calculation method is used to compare and analyze calculation results of different beam segment lengths and whether they are hinged between beam segments through practical engineering application design.The design concept of selecting reasonable beam segment lengths and setting reasonable connection methods between beam segments is proposed,which can be used as a reference for similar projects.
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LI Dahong, ZHANG Rui, GU Xiangkui
2025(3):133-138
Abstract:
Bored piles are widely used in harbor construction due to their high bearing capacity,low dependence on large piling vessels and low impact on land reclamation structures.When the soft soil is deep in the project area and the construction experience is not enough,the quality problem of the cast-in-place piles is very easy to occur,and then the structural safety is questioned,which affects the acceptance of the project and the commissioning of the use of the project.In this paper,the causes and treatment methods of common problems of cast-in-place piles in wharf are summarized,and combined with engineering examples,the defects at the end of super-long cast-in-place piles with deep soft foundation are repaired by using post-grouting technology,and test data show that the reinforcing effect is good,which ensures the economy and timeliness of the project.
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2025(3):139-144
Abstract:
There is a contradiction between high settlement control standards and difficulty in predicting post-construction settlement when constructing automated container yards on complex stress historical sites.We use the e-p（porosity ratio-pressure） curve method without considering pre-consolidation stress and the e-lgp curve method considering pre-consolidation stress for settlement calculation,and compare design data of land formation and foundation treatment in the early stage of the site.The results show that in the super consolidated soil foundation,the post-construction settlement calculated by the e-lgp curve method is much smaller than that calculated by the e-p curve method,and is closer to the settlement calculated by the previous data.The use of the e-lgp curve method to calculate the settlement of overconsolidated foundations has good guiding significance and can provide reference for the design of automated container yard foundations with complex stress foundation backgrounds.
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2025(3):145-151
Abstract:
The complex formation and distribution of soft soil in large-scale land reclamation projects pose significant challenges in terms of its physical and mechanical properties,which have a significant impact on the foundation treatment plan.Taking the east operation area of Yantian Port as an example,a large amount of in-situ testing,geotechnical test data before and after foundation treatment,as well as experience in the Shenzhen area,are studied and technically analyzed.The physical mechanics and distribution characteristics of the soft soil layer in the area are summarized.The results show that after preloading treatment,the distribution of the silty soft soil layer is very small,and the early silty soil has become silty clay,with significantly improved mechanical properties.In response to the lack of shear indicators in some soft soils,recommendations are proposed based on regional experience and in-situ test values.Based on the comparative analysis of different foundation treatment schemes,it is proposed that attention should be paid to issues such as broken zones in the preloading reinforcement of hydraulic fill silt.It is concluded that after preloading treatment,dynamic compaction method or dynamic compaction replacement method can be used as treatment schemes,and the foundation reinforcement effect is good.It can provide guidance for determining the physical and mechanical parameters of similar land reclamation projects and selecting foundation treatment plans.
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SONG Chao, LI Zhihao, SUN Yizhen, BAI Yuxin
2025(3):152-157
Abstract:
Aiming at the problem that the bearing capacity of open-ended steel pipe piles is needed to enhance effective on site.On the basis of the bearing capacity mechanism of steel pipe piles and the data of high strain dynamic testing,we systematically analyze the impact of various factors on the bearing capacity of open-ended steel pipe piles,such as soil parameters of the pile around and the pile tip,dimensions of the steel pipe pile,depth of penetration,and the reduction coefficient of pile end resistance.The results show that it is essential to control the penetration during the final blows for primarily end-bearing driven pile.A lower penetration leads to a more pronounced effect of plugging,which in turn significantly increases the pile's bearing capacity.Conversely,the soil parameters and the bearing capacity reduction coefficient of the pile side and pile end may become smaller under the influence of construction factors and time effect,there is a need to prevent in advance the impairment of bearing capacity due to individual factors.
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2025(3):158-163
Abstract:
The safety level of the wharf revetment construction in eastern Yantian Port is high and the design load is large.In view of the problems of deep burial,large thickness and wide distribution of the poor geological soft soil layer beneath the revetment,the soft foundation treatment scheme is studied,so as to determine the appropriate soft foundation treatment method and improve the overall stability and safety factor of the revetment.Four soft foundation treatment schemes are proposed,including excavation and replacement scheme,cement mixing pile scheme,gravel pile scheme,and lightweight soil scheme.The calculation results show that the overall stability and safety factor of the revetment can meet the requirements after adopting the four soft foundation treatment schemes.After comprehensive comparison from the aspects of cost,construction convenience,reliability and construction period,and referring to the construction requirements,the excavation and replacement scheme is adopted for weak soil treatment.The advantages of the recommended scheme are superior safety,convenient construction,mature technology,and easy quality control.
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2025(3):164-169
Abstract:
To solve the problems such as poor matching of ship-shore grid connection parameters and low convenience of ship-shore connection,we study the operation mode of the shore power system and the connection method of the shore power socket box.Through on-site surveys,literature reviews,and research on foreign standards,we obtain information on the setting range of auxiliary engine power of large container ships,the distance of shore power interface from the stern of the ship,the length of shore power cable,and the control strategy for parallel operation of shore power inverter devices.Finally,we improve the reliability of shore power supply and increase the shore power connection rate by setting interlock switches between shore power devices,using parallel operation technology to increase capacity,and sharing power among single berth shore power socket boxes.The shore power facility construction scheme has the features of safety,reliability,economic rationality,and easy use.It can take into account the shore power connection of future ultra-large container ships and has certain reference value for the design of similar projects.
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2025(3):170-174
Abstract:
The gates in port engineering are mostly large-span spatial structures due to functional requirements and shape limitations.As a type of large-span spatial structure,the spatial grid structure is widely used in the field of building structures due to its advantages such as large-span,light weight,good stability,fast construction,and beautiful appearance.Based on the actual engineering case,3D3S softwareis used to analyze the deflection,stress ratio and stability of steel structure grid roof,and the stress characteristics and structural design of grid structure applied to gate roof are expounded.The results show that the space grid structure has a high degree of safety,and the engineering design can meet the requirements of the specifications.The research results can provide a basis for further evaluating the reliability of such structures and similar engineering designs.
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ZHAO Min, SHI Xiaodi, GU Xiangkui, FENG Hao
2025(3):175-181
Abstract:
The container load capacity and ship scale of super-large container ships are constantly updated,which put forward higher requirements for the design of terminal structure.This paper takes the structural design of a super large container terminal in Yantian Port as an example,analyzes the design load and the natural conditions of the project area such as wave,current and geology in detail,and summarizes the major and difficult points of engineering design with large design load and complex geological conditions.For the major and difficult points of design,the paper analyzes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of several common structural types and pile foundation types of the terminal ,as well as the applicability of the project,and obtains that the rationality of the design load value and the applicability of the structure to the geological conditions are key points of the design of the structure of the super large container terminal.The paper proposes the wharf structure scheme with the optimal structure and the lowest cost through the comparison and demonstration of multiple schemes of the rack distance and superstructure.
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WANG Jun, JIANG Lamei, FENG Hao, ZHAO Min, GU Xiangkui
2025(3):182-189
Abstract:
Aiming at the design of armor blocks at the transition between vertical and slope structures under the impact of STEM waves,we analyze existing code formulas and test data of multiple engineering cases,propose a calculation method for the stable mass of armor blocks at the transition and validate through three-dimensional physical model tests of practical projects.The results indicate that the stable mass of armor blocks under STEM waves at the transition calculated by the Hudson formula is underestimated and should be appropriately increased.When the stable mass of Chinesepodes at the transition is calculated,it is recommended that the stability coefficient KD should be 11.5,and the stable mass should be taken as 2 to 3 times the value calculated by the formula.Due to complex factors affecting STEM waves,it is suggested to verify the rationality of the design scheme of practical project through three-dimensional physical model tests.
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2025(3):190-195
Abstract:
Aiming at the problem that concrete structures are susceptible to erosion in seawater environment,we introduce the application of high-performance concrete in the wharf of Yantian Port east operation area,and carry out a large number of test data analysis.The results show that the concrete produced can meet the requirements of high durability,high workability and high strength by adopting lower water-binder ratio and high-quality raw materials,mixing a sufficient number of mineral admixtures and high-efficiency admixtures,and adopting the necessary quality control measures,which can provide reference for hydraulic structural concrete.
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2025(3):196-204
Abstract:
In the context of large-scale container port construction,which involves multiple specialties and strong comprehensiveness,we research digital delivery solutions that are industry-applicable and widely adaptable to address issues encountered in building information modeling(BIM) delivery such as data exchange difficulties,low model utilization,and inefficient interaction.By employing technologies like graphic rendering,separation of graphics and models,and cloud platforms,we innovatively propose and construct a BIM digital delivery platform tailored for container port areas in water transport engineering,which enables integrated delivery of two-dimensional and three-dimensional design results,convenient querying of lightweight models,and communication and collaboration on design issues on the basis of the model.Then we also incorporate practical applications of functions and technologies according to project requirements.Not only does this platform possess industry-specific characteristics,but it also demonstrates high applicability,scalability,and promotability,providing a novel solution for the in-depth application of BIM technology in the field of water transport engineering.
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LI Zhihao, ZOU Dongming, PAN Lun
2025(3):205-214
Abstract:
In view of relatively low management efficiency and unbalanced resource allocation in the past port projects constrcution in Yantian Port,we carry out the application research of intelligent management system.We adopt the method of system analysis and design to build a intelligent management system,integrating the latest IT technology,internet of things (IoT),big data and artificial intelligence algorithms technology etc.The system enables to monitor and control the personnel,machinery,materials,methods,and environment in the construction site,and integrate safety,quality,technical,and progress management systems.The results show that construction efficiency is improved by an average of 30%,the rate of safety incidents is decreased by 25%,and construction cost is reduced by 10% after the implementation of the intelligent management system.The system not only successfully resolves the issues of efficiency and resource allocation in traditional port construction,but also provides strong technical backup and serving as management tool for the sustainable development and enhancement for port competitiveness.
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2025(3):215-221
Abstract:
In response to the lack of design standards and insufficient research on digital infrastructure for automated container terminals,this study adopts an engineering case analysis method to systematically summarize the design principles and implementation strategies of data centers,5G private networks,and F5G optical networks.It is concluded that data centers should follow the principles of safety,reliability,greenness and energy efficiency.5G private networks need to meet high reliability requirements to ensure key applications such as autonomous driving,while F5G optical networks need to meet high bandwidth and stability requirements.The design scheme and principles proposed in this article can provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the construction of smart ports,which is of great significance for promoting the digital transformation of the port industry.
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2025(3):222-227
Abstract:
Various types of pile foundations are often used in high-piled wharfs,and the arrangement of pile positions is complex,which leads to some limitations in traditional design.Based on Dynamo visual programming tool,this paper studies the BIM design optimization of pile foundation of high-piled wharf.Combining the wharf pile foundation model with three-dimensional geological surface,the intersection points of strong weathered rock surface and medium weathered rock surface with pile foundation are obtained by Dynamo calculation.According to the rock-socketed depth of pile foundation design,the design pile length of each pile is calculated accurately and quickly,which significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of pile foundation design and the accuracy of engineering quantity statistics,and can provide support for pile foundation construction under complex geological conditions.
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2025(3):228-236
Abstract:
In view of the scientific planning for gates layout and port traffic organization of container terminal in the east operation area of Yantian Port,the simulation and evaluation for port area traffic are studied based on VISSIM.On the basis of the field survey data of Yantian Port area,the design plan of gates and gateways and the design plan of port traffic organization are modeled in three-dimension and simulated at peak hour by the specialized traffic simulation software VISSIM.The rationality of design plans are verified by the quantitative analysis of evaluation indicators.The research provides decision supports for the scientific planning of gates layout and the optimization of port traffic organization in the design process of large-scale and specialized container terminals.
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2025(3):237-242
Abstract:
Disruptive incidents often occur in the berthing operation of container ships.These incidents such as rush operations and sudden weather changes will disrupt the original berth and quay crane allocation plan. How to make a new plan at this time to reduce the impact of disruptive events is particularly important.In this paper,with the goal of minimizing ship delays,terminal operating costs,and the degree of deviation from the recovery plan,a two-stage mixed integer programming model is constructed,and the large-scale domain search (ALNS) heuristic algorithm is used to solve the problem.The reliability of the model is verified by analysis of examples.The results show that the designed berth and quay crane interference recovery model can effectively restore the berth and quay crane plan interference.ALNS algorithm can provide satisfactory solutions and provide certain guidance for the actual operation of container terminals.
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2025(3):243-247
Abstract:
In response to the lack of research on inspection robots in the design and construction of automated container terminal hazardous cargo yards,this paper investigates the inspection requirements of hazardous cargo yards,summarizes the types and application cases of inspection robots,and proposes an application scheme for robots suitable for automatic inspection of hazardous cargo yards.The scheme adopts a three-layer architecture of the collection layer,transmission layer and platform layer,it uses artificial intelligence,visual recognition,5G,BD positioning and other technologies to achieve automatic inspection of hazardous cargo yards by robots.The application of this technology can reduce the frequency of personnel entering and leaving the hazardous cargo operation area,decrease the on-site workload of hazardous goods storage yards,improve the safety control level and inspection quality of hazardous cargo,and promote the development of intelligent technologies of automated container terminals.
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LI Zhihao, HE Jinhai, LI Jianjun, SUN Yizhen, BAI Yuxin
2025(3):248-252
Abstract:
In response to the problem of eccentricity of force signals that often occurs in high strain dynamic testing,the effect of eccentricity can be partially eliminated by averaging the two force signals in results analysis.However,if the deviation is too large or the signal distortion,it will still significantly affect the test and analysis results.We analyze causes of the eccentricity of hammering in the high strain detection of steel pipe pile,and put forward the corresponding on-site treatment suggestions,such as the targeted adjustment of the installation position of the sensor and the fine-adjusting of the pile frame according causes of the eccentricity of hammering and its influence on test results.
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CHENG Yong, NIE Tingyu, GUAN Zuhui, LI Pengbing
2025(3):253-257
Abstract:
Leica total station scanner MS60 is used for measurement and acceptance in the construction survey of the road yard of the first phase of the container terminal project in the east operation area of Yantian Port,Shenzhen Port.Leica total station scanner MS60 has functions of the high-precision coordinate and image data acquisition,point cloud data and 3D model display,etc.Leica total station scanner MS60 is compared with conventional total stations,level gauges,GNSS-RTK and other equipment.The measurement and acceptance methods of Leica total station scanner MS60 in road yards are summarized,as well as the precautions to be taken during the measurement process.The results show that in aspects of terrain measurement of road yards,container truck channel measurement,structural layer construction measurement,pile foundation measurement and other construction projects,Leica total station scanner MS60 is faster and more accurate than traditional measuring instruments,and can better complete measurement and acceptance tasks.
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2025(3):258-263
Abstract:
A port engineering involves land reclamation with backfill soil foundation,where soil layers are complex and uneven.In response to the complex and weak backfill foundation,in order to verify the reinforcement effect of dynamic compaction treatment and optimize the dynamic compaction construction parameters,we use a compaction energy of 2 500 kJ,and apply technical measures to reinforce the foundation,such as multi-zone test compaction,multiple point compaction,setting the maximum number of compaction blows,repeated compaction,and ensuring rolling.Then we analyze and evaluate the foundation before and after compaction by test method such as static load plate test.The dynamic compaction method can make the backfill soil foundation meet design requirements for reinforcement.
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SUN Hongrui, GE Jinlong, ZHANG Dengkui
2025(3):264-270
Abstract:
According to the urgent need for domestic substitution of survey equipment,the static acquisition data and dynamic RTK acquisition data are studied respectively based on the Beidou-3 navigation system.This article adopts statistical analysis methods,combined with the case analysis based with the project planning stage measurement of Yantian East Port.The results show that the domestic survey equipment based on the Beidou navigation system can not only meet the accuracy requirements of conventional engineering,but also establish a high-grade plane control network.It has a high cost advantage in the water transport engineering survey,which has good reference significance for accelerating the implementation of the Beidou Navigation System to replace the GPS,and provides beneficial suggestions for similar engineering applications.
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2025(3):271-276
Abstract:
In recent years,although the total number of production safety accidents in the engineering construction field has shown a downward trend,they still occur frequently.The safety management work faces a severe challenge.Under the new safety situation,the traditional safety management model can no longer meet new requirements.We take the phase I construction project of the container terminal of the east operating area of the Yantian Port in Shenzhen as the background,and discuss the effect of new technologies in the application process of safety management in Yantian Port construction.Using the medium of intelligent construction site system,QR code,and intelligent equipment,we apply BIM technology + smart construction site,image recognition technology,QR code technology,and intelligent equipment to project safety management,and use on-site observation to summarize the effectiveness of new technologies in construction safety management.The results show that new technologies have significant meaning in construction safety management，and can promote the standardization,and information of construction site safety management and improve the efficiency of safety management work.
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CHEN Shaoqiang, TAO Huaqing, NIE Tingyu
2025(3):277-282
Abstract:
The eastern shore protection of the first phase of the Yantian Port area east operation area container terminal project in Shenzhen Port adopts a vertical embankment gravity structure,which is installed layer by layer underwater with large blocks.Therefore,the installation accuracy and efficiency of vertical embankment blocks play a crucial role in the construction of the entire terminal project.Aiming at problems that underwater installation positioning of large blocks is difficult,installation accuracy cannot be guaranteed,and efficiency is low,we summarize climate and hydrological conditions of the construction water area,and propose the large-scale positioning frame and GPS (RTK) combined positioning and installation technology by the simulation analysis and similar engineering scheme research and comparison.The technology achieves high-precision,high-efficiency,and high-quality underwater positioning and installation of large blocks,and is used to successfully complete the task of underwater positioning and installation of large blocks.
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2025(3):283-288
Abstract:
For the difficulties encountered in the quality control of multi-beam bathymetry data,research and technical analysis are conducted on the control methods and main influencing factors of data quality.By adopting methods such as repeated measurements and verification measurements,this article proposes solution measures to significantly reduce the error of the beam edge.Taking the first phase project in the east area of Yantian Port,Shenzhen Port as an example,the results of secondary retest are compared and analyzed with the results of the single beam verification measurement.The results show that selecting better sea conditions,replacing ship types,strengthening sensor installation modes,optimizing data acquisition parameters and other methods,not only ensure that the data is accurate and reliable,but also achieve high quality results.It is mainly applicable to the high-precision measurement requirements such as engineering quantity accounting,and provide important reference value for similar projects.
2025 Issue 3
Port Engineering
Ground and Foundation
Structure and Facilities
Digital Development
Construction Technology
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LIU Xiaobin, WU Xiaolei, WU Peng
2025(2):1-8
Abstract:
The Canal Economic Zone represents an economic form that tightly integrates shipping economy with regional economy,serving as a significant measure to provide shipping support for the country’s new development pattern of “dual circulation”.Addressing issues such as unclear definition of the Canal Economic Zone,insufficient theoretical foundation,unclear operational logic,and unsystematic overall understanding,this article proposes the connotative characteristics of the Canal Economic Zone and a canal-oriented economic zone system.By employing interdisciplinary research,qualitative analysis,and case study methods,it concludes that the core content of Canal Economic Zone planning is to comprehensively develop the regions along the canal,develop canal-related industrial systems,organize production factors around the canal,and guide the agglomeration of urban and rural populations,ultimately forming a banded territorial spatial layout.The research results show that Canal Economic Zone planning should focus on six key aspects:core industries,banded space,open mechanisms,green development,county economy,and government-enterprise cooperation,to establish a canal-oriented productivity organization and territorial spatial layout model.
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ZHOU Jingxiang, PAN Haitao, CHEN Yongjian, YAN Qiang, WANG Yulong, WANG Chaoliang, ZHANG Zhisen, WANG Shuai
2025(2):9-16
Abstract:
Pinglu Canal is the key project of the Western Land-Sea New Corridor,and building an efficient,intelligent,green,and resilient canal is an important component of the construction of Pinglu Canal with high standard and high-quality.By planning the overall architecture of the smart canal and combining the characteristics and needs of the construction and operation management of Pinglu Canal,the smart construction and management system is proposed as a typical application scenario including “full process integration and coordination of construction and management,full cycle digital twin of progress management,full process simulation and regulation of quality management,all-around early warning and prevention of safety management,and full-link monitoring and early warning of green management”,as well as the typical application scenarios of the smart operation system,including “one-net efficient coordination of operation management,one-body seamless coordination and linkage of operation and dispatch,one-map scientific and intelligent management of locks and maintenance,one-click coordinated and connected emergency response,and one-station efficient and convenient logistics services”.Furthermore,we summarize the innovative technical features of the digital twin Pinglu Canal from five aspects of “full-factorial three-dimensional perception,full-process digital twin,full-process simulation and simulation,all-around intelligent services,and full-technology self-developed and controllable”,which can provide reference for the construction of similar smart port and navigation projects.
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2025(2):164-171
Abstract:
After the 175 m water storage operation of the Three Gorges project,the scale of Jiulongpo to Chaotianmen reach cannot meet planning requirements.During the sedimentation period,the sediment is washed up and down,and the erosion is not timely,causing shallow navigation obstruction in the channel.The channel regulation of this reach is carried out from 2016 to 2020 to improve the channel scale of the engineering reach and curb the adverse development of channel conditions.After the completion of the project,the improvement effect is analyzed through regular observation.The results show that the river regime in the engineering reach is stable,the scale of the channel is significantly improved,and the unfavorable development trend is curbed,resulting in effective improvement of the channel conditions,achieving the goal of channel regulation.
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SU Shiding, XU Xiong, ZHANG Bo, LYU Shuhui
2025(2):197-202
Abstract:
Coral reef sand,due to its special engineering properties such as fragility and high compressibility,differs from conventional sand.During impact pile driving,the process can easily cause complex changes in coral reef sand particles,such as breakage and shear,leading to pile running.Unanticipated pile running,especially over long distances,not only increases the difficulty of pile driving control but also poses high construction risks.Therefore,there is an urgent need for an analysis method to predict the depth of pile running in deep coral sand formations to guide pile driving control and reduce construction risks.In this paper,high strain pile tests are conducted in deep coral reef sand formations based on actual engineering scenarios.The analysis of soil resistance values in pile running conditions in coral reef sand is carried out,and a method for predicting the distance of pile running in coral reef sand formations is proposed.Furthermore,the pile driving control method that considers the risk reduction of pile running is proposed,and it is applied to 602 driven piles on-site for risk prediction of pile running and pile driving control,and the laws of pile diving in coral reef sand stratum are summarized.
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LIU Lu, SHI Youren, LU Xiaodong, CAO Huijiang
2025(2):157-163
Abstract:
The riverway conditions of the Huangpu River are complicated with many river bends,while Lujiazui Bend owns the largest curvature together with the smallest turning radius of the waterway among all the river bends of Huangpu River.With the rapid growth of the number of navigable ships in the Huangpu River,the silting of the beach near the convex bank of the Lujiazui Bend has a certain influence on the safe navigation of passing ships in recent years.Viewing platforms,regarded as urban reception halls of Shanghai,are set along Luijiazui Bend.Adverse impacts will be resulted from safety incidents in case.Therefore,we analyze the hydrological and sediment characteristics of Lujiazui Bend of Huangpu River,and historical changes of river regime as well as navigation characteristics of ships and surrounding restrictions,and propose the waterway layout and regulation measures in Lujiazui.The results show that cutting and widening the convex bank shoals on the east side of Lujiazui can slove the narrow problem of navigable waters of the bend,and improve the bend navigation environment for ships.
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LIU Zuofei, ZHU Binhua, FAN Shugang
2025(2):172-177
Abstract:
Research and practice on maintenance and dredging engineering are conducted to address the navigation obstacles faced by the Xiaziliang shoal section of the Three Gorges Reservoir’s variable backwater area during dry season,such as bends,narrowness,rapidity,and danger.It is found that the overall trend of this beach section is slow and continuous sedimentation by collecting a large amount of historical measured data and comparing and analyzing the changes in isobaths and erosion and sedimentation over the years.On the basis of the waterway conditions and water characteristics of this river section,the construction equipment and the water level are compared,and a reasonable maintenance and dredging plan is formulated.Implementation results of the project indicate that the maintenance and dredging project can improve the conditions of the waterway,expand navigable waters,and reduce the difficulty of ship operation,thereby ensuring the smoothness and safety of the waterway.
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CHENG Lixing, GU Yong, LIANG Xin, HAO Yuchi
2025(2):184-190
Abstract:
Scour protection is one of the important issues that need to be faced in the design and maintenance of dock pile foundations.This article explores the feasibility of using solidified soil for pile foundation erosion protection,that is,using engineering construction soil to add suitable solidification agents to form solidified soil,covering the scouring area of bridge piers in an appropriate way,enhancing the anti erosion performance of the bed surface,and thus playing a protective role.This article conducted targeted physical model experiments and numerical simulations on the flowability,shear strength,and erosion resistance of different solidified soil formulations.The experimental results show that the collapse diameter of solidified soil increases with the increase of soil to water ratio,and the fluidity of solidified soil decreases rapidly with time.The shear strength of solidified soil slowly increases over time,and as the ash to soil ratio increases,the strength of solidified soil will also increase accordingly.The overall resistance of solidified soil to water flow erosion is good,and it can be used as a new type of erosion protection material.In underwater environments,the strength of solidified soil also increases over time,and its durability is good.
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XIE Yuxuan, WANG Guangsheng, YU Tong, GUAN Dawei
2025(2):17-26
Abstract:
The modern coastal protection systems place higher demands on the crest elevation and permeable of breakwaters.A three-dimensional numerical wave flume based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations is established to investigate the wave force of submerged perforated semi-circular breakwaters under the action of shallow water waves.The results indicate that there is a phase difference between the horizontal and vertical forces acting on the submerged semi-circular breakwater,with the critical sliding moment generally corresponding to the moment of maximum shoreward horizontal force.As the perforation rate increases from 0% to 25%,the dimensionless maximum shoreward and seaward horizontal forces on the submerged semi-circular breakwater decrease by 27.8% and 39.8%,respectively.With decreasing wave period and increasing submergence depth,the seaward sliding force on the submerged semi-circular breakwater increases.Empirical formulas provide conservative estimates for the total force on unperforated semi-circular breakwaters under long-period waves and extreme submergence conditions,and further overestimate the wave forces on submerged perforated semi-circular breakwaters.
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XIE Libo, SU Lei, WANG Jianfeng, WANG Yuanxin, BI Jianwei, LING Xianzhang
2025(2):27-35
Abstract:
Wave is the main environmental load for pile-supported wharf (PSW) in deep water area.Investigating the dynamic response characteristics of PSW-seabed system under wave action is the basis of dynamic design for deep water port.In this paper,a 3D finite element model of wave-PSW-seabed is established by ADINA.Pore water pressure and acceleration of seabed around pile,deck displacement,as well as dynamic water pressure time history of pile shaft under wave action are obtained.The dynamic response characteristics of the PSW-seabed system are analyzed,and the influence of the changing wave period on the dynamic response of this system is discussed.The numerical simulation results show that:1) there is no cumulative effect on pore pressure around pile under wave action;2) Dynamic water pressure of middle pile is significantly greater than that of the side pile;3) Amplitudes of seabed pore pressure,seabed acceleration,and dynamic water pressure attenuate along the wave propagation,and the smaller wave period,the more significant the attenuation effect.The modeling technique involved in this study can provide reference for similar PSW numerical simulation under wave action,and the investigation results can provide support for dynamic design of PSW-seabed system.
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MENG Xiangyong, XUE Guodong, CAO Baojie, GAO Ruichao, MENG Xiankuo, WANG Hongwei, LIU Shixing
2025(2):191-196
Abstract:
multi-beam echo sounder system is used to monitor short-term erosion and sedimentation changes in the offshore area of the logistics park embankment in Binhai Port.It is found that there is an east-west oriented scour hole on the outer side of the embankment corner,which is about 570 m long and 110 m wide,and its edge has reached the bottom of the embankment,posing significant safety hazards.Through the analysis of monitoring data from May to November 2023,it is found that the edges of the scour hole continues to erode and showed no signs of slowing down.The research results provide accurate data support for subsequent embankment projects.The multi-beam echo sounder system can accurately identify the spatiotemporal changes in underwater topography,offering effective reference for similar embankment deformation monitoring.
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LIU Mingwei, ZHANG Siqi, WU Linjian, LI Huijiuyuan, DI Yutao, DAI Chuan
2025(2):51-62
Abstract:
To ensure the long-term operational safety of frame-structure vertical wharfs in inland waterways,it is crucial to conduct monitoring and inspection of their service performance.The placement and scheme of monitoring sensors directly affect the accuracy and reliability of monitoring results.Therefore,sensors should ideally be positioned within the structural load sensitive areas.However,due to the complexity of frame-structure vertical wharfs and the large number of load combinations,the locations and distributions of structural load sensitive areas under the most adverse load combinations remain unclear.To address this issue,this study,based on a large inland hub port,establishes a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of a frame-structure vertical wharf segment.By developing an algorithm to identify the most adverse load combinations for critical structural components,the most adverse load combinations for each component are determined.On this basis,the distribution patterns of load response points and the ranges of sensitive areas under the most adverse load combinations are identified by using finite element numerical simulation.The results indicate that under complex load combinations,steel components of frame-structure vertical wharfs exhibit greater load sensitivity compared to concrete components.The sensitive areas of steel components are primarily located at the junctions of high and low water levels and the cantilever ends of the front-row steel mooring structures.This study addresses issues such as redundancy and ineffectiveness in monitoring point placement,providing a theoretical basis for the deployment of monitoring sensors in inland hub port wharfs.
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ZHANG Qiyi, MENG Xiangfei, CHEN Kai, GUO Dongqi
2025(2):178-183
Abstract:
High pile structure is a kind of structure widely used in port and coast.Its dynamic response under wave action is the key factor to ensure the stable operation of the wharf.The software ABAQUS is used to build a three-dimensional wharf model and a wave flume with STAR-CCM+.The k-ε turbulence model and volume of fluid (VOF) motion interface tracking method are used to simulate waves,and the simulation of bidirectional coupling between wharf pile groups and waves is realized.Since the ratio of pile spacing to pile diameter is greater than 4,the interaction between piles does not need to be considered,and the error of the comparison model test is less than 5%,which can meet the requirements.The results show that the maximum force and displacement of the wharf pile groups under wave heights of 0.3 m,0.4 m,and 0.5 m can meet the code requirements.The displacement at the top of the pile is the largest,which is 0.66 mm.The maximum stress occurs at the bottom of the front row of piles in the pile group,which is 152.4 kPa.The concrete in the pile bottom area is prone to instability and failure,and special attention should be paid in practical engineering.
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LIU Meimei, YING Zongquan, LI Jiamin, ZHAO Juan, LIANG Zihao
2025(2):45-50
Abstract:
To accurately evaluate the bending capacity of corroded reinforced concrete beam,we take three corroded reinforced concrete beams of prototype members as research objects,carry out the bearing capacity test and simulation analysis,and put forward a simplified calculation method for bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete beam with modified code.By using this method,the average cross-section corrosion ratio of all the steel bars in the same section can be converted from the corrosion ratio of one or several steel bars detected in the field,which can be used to calculate the strength utilization coefficient of the corroded steel bars,and solve the problem of inaccurate calculation of the bearing capacity when the cross-section corrosion ratio of the steel bar is greater than 10%.
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FU Xuhui, GONG Huiling, HE Jinglin, TANG Rongling, ZHANG Bo
2025(2):110-118
Abstract:
In recent years,with the rapid development of shipping economy,waterway regulation projects are frequent in the Yangtze River basin.Although waterway regulation projects can improve flow conditions,they also have a certain impact on fish habitat.To explore the impact of different waterway regulation projects on fish habitat,we take Luoqi Reach of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as an example,and use numerical simulation method to compare and analyze the changes of habitat suitability of Four Major Chinese Carps before and after the waterway regulation project from the perspective of ecology and hydraulics.The results show that after the waterway regulation project,the very suitable area ratio of fish habitat increases by 1.21% at most,and the unsuitable area ratio decreases by 1.85% at most.Moreover,with the increase of water level and flow,the sub channel upstream of Luoqi will produce a suitable habitat environment for survival.
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YAO Hongcheng, XU Yanwen, ZHANG Wei, JI Xiaomei, HUANG Liming, WANG Xiaoguang, WU Yao
2025(2):36-44
Abstract:
Tidal asymmetry exerts an influence on nearshore material transportation and geomorphic evolution.Based on the Delft 3D FM,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is employed to establish the tidal movement simulations of Lingding Bay under the conditions of 1 970 s,2 010 s and the 2016 governing guideline shoreline.The response of tidal asymmetry to the seaward advancement of the shoreline in this area is analyzed by combining the reconciliation analysis and the skewness calculation method.Furthermore,the mechanism underlying tidal asymmetry change is examined by analyzing the contribution of different tidal constituent combinations.The research results show that the tidal height asymmetry between spring and neap tides in Lingding Bay varies.The seaward advance of the shoreline strengthens the flood tide dominance in tidal asymmetry.The seaward extension of the shoreline increases the tidal amplitude of the shallow water components while reducing the amplitude of the astronomical components,concurrently accelerating the tidal wave propagation speed.The contribution of the astronomical tidal components to tidal asymmetry gradually decreases upstream,whereas the contribution of the shallow water tidal components gradually increases.
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2025(2):150-156
Abstract:
In response to the comprehensive characteristics of multiple branching and large flow of the Heishazhou waterway,as well as the complex flow of the tidal river section in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the hydrological observation data are analyzed and summarized.Combined with the on-site practical work of the second phase of waterway regulation project construction,in-depth research is conducted on surface velocity and flow direction measurement,gradient observation,hydrological section measurement,etc.in hydrological observation.Modern new equipment and technology are used to optimize the layout of hydrological sections and water gauge positions,efficiently organize and implement,improve work efficiency,and obtain complete and detailed hydrological observation data.This method effectively solves the problems existing in the hydrological observation of the tidal reach of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and provides reliable basic data for the project design,construction and related thematic research.The research results can provide reference for similar projects.
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Impact of Mujing first-lane ship lock discharge pattern on flow conditions in lower approach channel
WANG Zhaobing, GUO Tingting, ZHOU Xidong, HU Ruichang, YUAN Hao
2025(2):127-134
Abstract:
In the context of the double-lane ship locks sharing approach channel project,unsteady flow is prone to occur in the approach channel during lock discharge,causing turbulence in the flow field inside the approach channel,seriously affecting the safety of ship navigation and docking in the approach channel.Taking Mujing ship lock as an example,based on the RNG k-ε turbulent flow model,the navigation hydraulic characteristics of the approach channel are numerically simulated,and the unsteady navigation conditions inside the second-lane lock and the approach channel are analyzed during the discharge of the first-lane ship lock.The results show that when both sides of the first-lane ship lock release water simultaneously,the flow velocity in the approach channel does not meet the requirements of ship navigation and docking,and the formation of reflux,oblique and transverse flow patterns at the front of the separation dike of the second-lane ship lock affects the safety of ships entering and exiting the second-lane ship lock.After adopting the recommended side discharge method,the flow pattern in the approach channel has been improved,and the navigation flow conditions meet the requirements of safe navigation.The research results can provide a solution for the discharge method of double-lane ship locks.
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ZHU Zhengtao, JIANG Qingrong, HUANG Dong, LI Haibin, CHEN Xinchi
2025(2):72-80
Abstract:
Taking a dock project on the left bank of the Beijiang River as an example,the finite volume method is used to establish the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the 37.0 km long section of the Shaoguan (II) hydrological station to Mengli hydropower station,and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the 4.6 km long section of the project.A quantitative study is conducted on the differences in flood level,flow velocity distribution,and flood storage capacity of river channels under different construction schemes.The results show that when the flood frequency ranges from once every 50 years to once every 10 years,the increment of flood level is lower than 0.02 m under different schemes.The changes in flow velocity and pattern are mainly concentrated in the local river section from 100 m upstream to 260 m downstream of the dock.However,the changes in high flow velocity areas of the river are relatively small,as well as the changes in the dynamic axis of the main channel.Meanwhile,the actual flood storage capacity of the river has increased under the action of dredging in the harbor.From the perspective of flood safety and cargo safety,scheme 2 is a recommended plan,and relevant research methods can provide scientific reference for similar dock construction plans.
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2025(2):81-88
Abstract:
Among the four major systems in automated terminals- seaside loading and discharging,horizontal transportation,yard handling,landside collection and distribution-the yard handling system presents the greatest difference across terminals.The Chinese port industry continues to innovate in yard layouts,based on the “vertical layout + end interaction” mode and the “horizontal layout + gate control” mode,introducing innovative transfer modes as well as “vertical layout + U-shaped channel” design.Through data gathering from automated terminals with varied yard configurations that have been put into operation,this study analyzes the characteristics of different yard layouts in terms of key indicators such as safety,land utilization rate,operational efficiency,automation level and energy consumption per TEU.It explores the establishment of a comprehensive evaluation system for the layout of automated terminals,providing a thorough and impartial assessment of various layout patterns to guide the construction and operation of automated terminals.The study also discusses the yard layouts for currently envisioned automated terminals.The research results have reference value for the layout planning and design of new automated terminal yards and the automation upgrading or renovation of traditional terminals.
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SHANGGUAN Yifei, HE Jinchao, XIE Feng, YUAN Hao, ZHAO Jiang
2025(2):142-149
Abstract:
The Mangdantan channel,consisting of three continuous branches,locates in the middle and lower reaches of the Nujiang River with bad flow condition.To investigate the natural navigation obstruction characteristics in Mangdantan continuous branching channel,the influence of different discharges in normal and dry period on the flow diversion,gradient,water depth condition and current speed distribution are numerically analyzed by the two-dimensional planar hydrodynamic model.The results show that the natural navigation obstruction characteristics include large gradient,insufficient water depth and rapid current speed.In addition,the flow condition in the branches R1-L2-L3 is better than those in the branches R1-R2-L3,therefore the branches R1-L2-L3 are suggested to be developed as the navigation channel.The research results can provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the regulation of Mangdantan and the channel development of similar continuous branching rivers.
