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HUO Xiaoyang, LIU Xiao, JIN Ruijia, HU Jielong, WU Deyu, LIU Yong
2025(10):1-9
Abstract:
The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are used to solve the mean flow of incompressible viscous fluid.The k-ε turbulence model is introduced to simulate the turbulence motion, and the volume of fluid(VOF)is utilized to track the free surface.A two-dimensional numerical wave flume is built to simulate and investigate the wave dissipation performance of partially perforated caisson with double-chamber on a rubble-mound foundation.The numerical results are compared with the reflection coefficient of perforated caisson with single-chamber on a rubble-mound foundation of the completed experimental results, and the comparisons are in good agreement.According to the numerical calculation results, the reflection coefficient and the flow field near the partially perforated caisson with double-chamber on a rubble-mound foundation are analyzed.The results show that the reflection coefficient Kr?has a nonlinear relationship with the total relative wave chamber width B/L, and gets the minimum value at B/L=0.15.The influence of the rubble-mound foundation height on the reflection coefficient is associated with the width of each wave chamber and the wave period.The reflection coefficient has a smaller value when the widths of the front and back chamber are equal(B1=B2).The flows inside the front wave chamber are more violent, and vorticity and turbulence are mainly concentrated on both sides of each perforated wall, as well as at the free water surface outside and in front of the wave chamber.
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SUN Jianfeng, XING Fei, TANG Shuai
2025(10):10-19
Abstract:
with the development of hydro-elasticity, in coastal and offshore engineering, it has become very urgent to study the mechanism of wave impact process with elastic support, and to master the dynamic response change characteristics of buildings and structures under wave impact and the influence law of dynamic response on impact loads.The experimental research is based on the background of the open-type marine platform suffering from wave impact.The process of wave impact on horizontal plates under different stiffness elastic support is investigated through model tests.According to the characteristics of the impact pressure change, the impact process is divided into four different stages:impact stage, submergence stage, dehydration stage and detachment stage.In a wave period, the characteristics of the impact pressure changes at the bottom of the horizontal plate during a wave cycle are discussed and summarized.The impact duration time is defined and the distribution characteristics of the larger pressure amplitude along the bottom of the plate are summarized.To study the influence of the support stiffness and hydro-elasticity on the wave impact pressure amplitude and the dynamic response of the structure, three groups of horizontal plate with different stiffness elastic support are designed.The influence law of the support stiffness change on the distribution of the larger impact pressure amplitude along the plate bottom and the impact duration time is obtained.In the time-domain and frequency-domain, the change rule between the relative support stiffness and the relative acceleration, as well as the influence of elastic support stiffness on the frequency spectrum distribution of vibration acceleration, are discussed separately.
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HU Xiaoyu, LI Jiaxian, GUAN Mingliang, MENG Bangji, MA Hongbing, WANG Yu, WANG Ping, FANG Kezhao
2025(10):20-30
Abstract:
To investigate the influence of artificial sandbars on beach profile evolution, we conduct mobile-bed physical model experiments in a wave flume under JONSWAP random wave conditions, incorporating composite-slope beach profiles.On the basis of experimental data, we analyze the characteristics of wave propagation, cross-shore sediment transport, and profile evolution patterns, with a focus on the effects of sandbar placement, height, and median grain size.The results show that intense wave breaking at the sandbar crest induces a significant reduction in fundamental frequency energy and minimum transmission coefficient is 0.4, accompanying by prominent low-frequency wave components behind the sandbar, the motion of higher harmonics becomes more complex, and the nonlinear characteristics of local waves on the sandbar are enhanced.Sediment transport is dominated by bedload transport and facilitated onshore sand replenishment, resulting in upper beachface erosion combined with berm and lower beach face deposition, contrasting with consistent erosion and offshore sediment transport observed in non-sandbar configurations.Among the experimental conditions sandbar height exhibits the most pronounced protective effect to the beach face.When the sandbar crest aligns with still water level, unit-width erosion volume, berm erosion depth, and shoreline retreat distance decreases by 89%, 69%, and 90%, respectively.
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2025(10):31-34
Abstract:
To guide and standardize the compilation of special design documents for anti-ship collision facilities and navigation aids of inland river bridges, and to prevent ship collision risks from the design source, the Guidelines for the Preparation of Special Design Documents for Anti-Ship Collision Facilities and Navigation Aids of Inland Bridges was compiled based on the investigation and summary of most water transport provinces in China and combined with a large number of engineering experiences.It is applicable to new, expanded and in-service bridges crossing inland river shipping routes.The results show that the guidelines standardize the design principles, protection scope, representative ship types, structure and of anti-ship collision facilities, navigation aids and safety signs, improving the quality of design texts and perfecting the standard system for bridge anti-ship collision.
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ZHENG Danni, QIAN Liyun, HU Jie, ZHOU Qin, ZHANG Chunze
2025(10):35-41
Abstract:
The occurrence of surging waves has a direct impact on the safety and stability of ships and docks in the corresponding waters.This article establishes a three-dimensional numerical model of docks and ships in a straight digital river channel, simulates the motion response process of floating docks and moored ships under the action of landslide surges, analyzes the ship motion characteristics and the force characteristics of each cable when the docks are arranged on the same and opposite sides, and summarizes the dynamic response laws and mooring safety of ships and pontoon docks under the action of surges.The research shows that when encountering waves with a height of 0.5 m, both types of shore arrangements can cause instability in the hull of the river vessel, leading to instability of the barge dock and cable breakage.The stability characteristics exhibited by the vessel are completely different from those in a free sailing state.Compared with the same shore arrangement, the opposite shore arrangement results in a more significant wave angle and shore wall reflection intensity for the river vessel barge berthing system, leading to larger extreme values for various motion parameters and mooring forces.
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ZHAO Jing, XIA Yunqiang, WANG Haifeng, WANG Guoan
2025(10):42-47
Abstract:
In response to the issue of acceptable movement standards for ships during berthing operations, an interpretation and analysis is conducted on the latest 2023 edition of Criteria for Acceptable Movement of Ship at Berths released by the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses(PIANC).The acceptable movement amounts for loading and unloading operation of various ship types recommended in the new edition are summarized into a table for easy use.The new edition standard is compared with the 1995 edition standard and the relevant content of China's current Design Code of General Layout for Sea Ports.The results show that the new edition standard is more scientific, accurate and strict.The new edition standard clarifies the applicable positions of the acceptable movement of ships, ignores the limitations on the ship's rotation and heave movement amounts, and the movement amount standards for liquefied gas ships, general cargo ships, bulk cargo ships and other types of ships have been reduced by up to 50%.It also improves the operation efficiency grading of container ships.The new edition standard is more in line with the actual operation of ships and is more operable.It provides an important reference for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of ships, the development of ship mooring model tests and the formulation and revision of relevant industry standards.
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ZHANG Hairong, LI Guanxing, LIU Yangyong, CAI Dongsheng, DING Long
2025(10):48-54
Abstract:
In consideration of the shortage of rock materials, difficult construction of large stones, high quarrying environmental protection requirements, the instability tendency of the armour structure at the steep reef of the breakwater root, and out-of-control project progress in Samoa Apia Port breakwater project, an innovative design is carried out for the typical sloping breakwater.A new type of sloping breakwater structure using concrete artificial blocks instead of traditional rocks is proposed, and the stability of the breakwater structure is verified through three-dimensional overall physical model test.The test results show that it is feasible that using artificial blocks instead of rocks as the underlayer, apron and toe structure in the sloping breakwater.Furthermore, based on the test phenomena and results, an optimized design of the breakwater toe grooving on the steep reef terrain is adopted, which can provide reference for the design of similar sloping breakwaters.
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LI Rongqing, JIA Zhenlong, YANG Haicheng, ZHANG Qin
2025(10):55-63
Abstract:
To address the issue of unclear identification of key control factors affecting the service life of pile supported wharves, we systematically investigate the relationship between the damage of major components and relevant influencing factors.On the basis of grey relational analysis and the BP neural network method, we select 37 in-service pile supported wharves as research objects to analyze the induced relationships between component damage degree and three categories of control factors：time, environment, and materials.The results show that, at the specific factor level, the grey relational grades of service life, annual average precipitation, annual average temperature, and chloride ion concentration all exceed 0.62, indicating a strong correlation with component damage.At the overall factor level, environmental factors have the most significant impact on component damage, with a weight of 66%, followed by material factors (22%) and time factors (12%).
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2025(10):64-69
Abstract:
To address issues such as the incomplete technical standard system and inconsistent configuration parameters of fire protection facilities in the design of fire protection systems for liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)terminals, this study combines practical engineering cases by reviewing domestic and international codes and standards.Through numerical calculations, comparative analysis, quantitative models, and other methods, it focuses on breakthroughs in key technologies including the optimization of design flow rates for fire-cooling water monitors, selection of integrated control methods for fire protection facilities, and adaptability of monitor tower heights.The research clarifies multivariate relationships between the design flow rate, range, coverage area, and wind direction of cooling water monitors.It proposes fire scenario-based control strategies for fire protection facilities and establishes a dynamic quantitative model between the monitor tower height and the draft depth of unloaded ship types.The research results provide theoretical basis for the standardized design of fire protection systems for LPG terminals, effectively resolve long-standing design differences in the industry, and have engineering practical value for enhancing the fire safety of hazardous chemical terminals.
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YUAN Hao, CAO Xiangyu, HU Ruichang, SONG Xiang, XIE Chunhang
2025(10):70-78
Abstract:
The water level fluctuation in the upper approach channel will be caused during the filling process of the ship locks, and the formation of undesirable flow regimes such as oblique currents, backflows, and separation eddies will adversely affect the safety of ship navigation and berthing.Relying on Baishiyao hub project, this paper adopts RNG k-ε turbulence model to analyze the water level, wave speed and other hydraulic characteristics under different conditions for the non-constant flow problem caused by staggered operation in the upper approach channel of double-line ship lock.The results show that the staggered operation of double-line ship lock will cause the corresponding water level fluctuation amplitude to be reduced, and the water level change process is more complicated during the filling period of the lock.Surface eddies appear in a certain range near the intake.Even cascading funnel whirlpools occur, affecting the water intake and lock chamber water delivery conditions, as well as the valve working condition.By assessing the adverse effects on the navigation and mooring of vessels, it is concluded that simultaneous water filling in the double-line ship lock should be avoided.The flow conditions in the approach channel and the flow patterns at the intake should be strengthened in terms of prototype observation.Based on the results of the prototype observation, the opening mode and time of the water filling valves in the double-line ship lock should be adjusted, and the joint dispatching of the double-line ship lock should be strengthened to ensure the safety of vessels passing through the lock.The research results provide a scientific basis for improving the capacity of the ship lock.
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SUN Guodong, CHEN Jiahao, JIN Mengtian, FAN Lidong, XU Jin, ZHANG Gonglüe, TONG Ya
2025(10):79-89
Abstract:
The Cao'e River estuary ship lock connects the inland and offshore rivers.The hydrological conditions of the river section are complex, the riverbed situation is varied, and the buildings are dense.The operation of the ship lock is affected by strong tides.These lead to crossflow and backflow in the entrance and approach channel, which are prone to exceeding the standard.The layout plan of the ship lock is particularly crucial for improving water flow conditions.Based on the measured terrain data of the Qiantang River, a two-dimensional tidal mathematical model is established to compare three different layout types of ship lock design.The results show that Scheme one in which the approach channel outlet is arranged in the connecting lines on both sides of the outlet of Cao'e River Gate is better, and it has little impact on the flow velocity and flow pattern of the surrounding waters, including the Cao'e River Gate, Jiashao Bridge, and the offshore deep troughs of the project section.The navigation flow conditions of this scheme are better, and the navigation guarantee rate of the approach channel and entrance area is relatively high.Therefore, it is the recommended scheme.The semi empirical and semi theoretical formula is used to calculate the impact of riverbed erosion and deposition in the recommended scheme.The results show that the impact of the recommended scheme can be basically controlled within the Cao'e River estuary area.
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NIE Liying, PANG Xichen, HAN Liu, WU Jundong, CHEN Xiaohu
2025(10):90-99
Abstract:
To avoid collision damage to the water stop at structural joints during earthquakes and prevent water leakage that endangers the safety of ships and personnel in the aqueducts, a novel bidirectional restrainer which bears the collision force instead of water stop and prevents the damage of water stop has been developed, and a design method based on capacity protection for this restrainer has been established and preliminary verified by finite element analysis.Static tensile experiments of this device are carried out.Through the experiments and corresponding finite element analysis of the restrainer, it is further verified that its design concept and method are practical and safe.The analysis of ultimate load-bearing capacity and the elastic upper limit(yield point)is performed.The results show that the ultimate load-bearing capacity is determined by the material failure caused by the local stress of the contact surface on the part with fewer plates reaching the tensile strength of the material, but it does not affect the determination of the elastic upper limit, and the control effect of the bending deformation of the pin on the whole deformation of the device and its protective effect on the plate.The elastic upper limit of the device is controlled by the whole deformation curve.The safety factor of the design method of this novel restrainer based on capacity protection is 1.73.
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ZHANG Yuebo, SUN Qihang, ZHANG Xiaoyu, LI Juntao
2025(10):100-109
Abstract:
The arc-shaped bank erosion phenomenon in the middle and lower Yangtze River poses significant threats to flood control safety along the riverbanks.Through systematic analysis of measured data, this paper elaborates on the spatio-temporal distribution patterns and formation characteristics of arc-shaped bank erosion in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results show that:1)The proportion of large-scale arc-shaped bank erosion(scour-pit length≥300 m)increased substantially after the Three Gorges Project operation, rising from 21% during the pre-operation period(1973-2002)to 36% post-operation.2)The phenomenon of arc-shaped bank erosion mainly occurs during and after the flood season, and is spatially concentrated in the mainstream impingement or nearshore flows(such as curved concave banks and the heads of midstream islands).3)The formation of arc-shaped bank erosion in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is influenced by multiple factors such as nearshore hydrodynamics, riverbed boundary conditions, soil characteristics.The formation process of large-scale arc-shaped bank erosion begins with changes in local river conditions, forming nearshore deep troughs.Then, the area of the deep troughs gradually increases, and the deepest point continues to deepen and move towards the riverbank until the deep trough wedges into the riverbank.The nearshore slope is steep, and under the continuous action of nearshore water flow, the riverbank collapses.The research results can provide critical scientific basis and technical support for flood control, disaster reduction, and river management in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
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WU Chengjing, XIAO Yang, ZHANG Taotao, WANG Zixuan, LIU Zihan, GU Ran, XU Linwan, YUAN Kang, TIAN Shuai
2025(10):110-121
Abstract:
The Ganjiang Estuary Main Tributary Hub project is a core initiative aimed at improving waterway transportation along the Ganjiang River.To evaluate the impact of downstream drainage pumping stations on navigation water flow conditions, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is established.Different upstream inflow conditions are selected during the dry season(500-5 000 m3/s)and flood season(5 500 m3/s)to simulate and analyze the flow field evolution characteristics before and after drainage.The results show that the drainage operations at the Fengchan drainage pumping station have a significant impact on the flow field, leading to an increase in the number of recirculation zones and a reduction in the size of individual recirculation areas.The impact of drainage operations at the Lianwei drainage pumping station is mainly confined to the drainage channels and riverbanks, with relatively minor effects on the navigation channel flow field.The flow velocity changes caused by the drainage of the drainage pumping station are relatively small, with a maximum amplitude of about 0.10 m/s and an impact range of about 200-350 m, and the impact range decreases with the increase of the outer flow rate.After the water spreads onto the floodplain, the impact of drainage operations on the hydrodynamics of the river channel is significantly reduced.The impact of drainage on navigation water flow conditions is limited and will not have significant adverse effects.The results of this study can provide valuable support for ensuring the navigational safety of the downstream channel of the main tributary hub in Ganjiang estuary.
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BU Meifei, YANG Hongxiang, SUN Baohu, LI Juntao, BAI Guowen
2025(10):122-131
Abstract:
We adopt the experimental method of hydraulic overall physical model to study the navigation flow conditions of the entrance area and connecting section of the 2, 000-ton level second-line ship lock of Xinglong Hub, and the impact of the construction of the second-line ship lock on the navigation flow conditions of the first line ship lock.To eliminate the impact of the second-line ship lock construction on the first-line ship lock, we propose an optimization plan through multiple experiments to extend and raise barriers between the first-line ship lock and second-line ship lock, while adding diversion piers at the end of the first-line ship lock barriers.Then, we conduct further experimental research on the optimization plan.The results show that the navigation flow conditions of the second-line ship lock are good.However, the construction of the second-line ship lock has resulted in a significant increase in lateral flow velocity in the downstream entrance area of the first line ship lock due to the excavation and suction benefits of the downstream approach channel.The engineering measures of the optimization plan improve the flow conditions in the downstream entrance area of the first-line ship lock.After implementing the optimization plan, the maximum lateral flow velocity in the downstream entrance area of each level of flow decreased compared to that before the optimization plan, except for Q=820 m3/s.
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YUAN Peng, GAO Chengyan, WU Zhilong
2025(10):132-137
Abstract:
Addressing the lack of clear standards for the design of main dimensions in restricted canals, we focus on the upstream channel of the Madao Hub in the Pinglu Canal, conducting a demonstration research on its main channel parameters.On the basis of freight volume forecasts for 2035 and 2050 and using a 5, 000-ton class bulk carrier as the representative ship type, we systematically determine key parameters such as design speed, minimum water depth, minimum width, and bending radius through methods including the channel cross-sectional coefficient approach, calculation of navigation sinkage, and ship track width modeling.The proposed channel cross-section of 80 m (width) × 6.3 m (depth) with a bending radius of 360 m can ensure safe navigation of vessels at a speed of 11.96 km/h.This wide-shallow section design not only meets navigational safety and economic efficiency but also significantly reduces rock excavation volume and enhances the flexibility for future channel upgrades.
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LIANG Weikun, ZHONG Liang, WANG Xianyao, FAN Xinran, YU Jiangxiu
2025(10):138-147
Abstract:
When ships navigate in restricted waters, the water flow structure is very complex due to shallow water depth and narrow water surface.The turbulent characteristics around the hull in restricted waters are studied on the basis of particle image velocimetry(PIV)flume experiment, and the distribution characteristics of longitudinal turbulence intensity Tux, Reynolds stress τ, turbulence kinetic energy k, and their variation with cross-section coefficient are explored.The results show that the longitudinal turbulence intensity Tux and turbulence kinetic energy k of the mid-section of the bow are both affected by the hull walls, with the maximum values concentrated at the bottom of the water flume and near the bottom of the ship.The maximum Reynolds stress τ occurs near the bottom of the flume, and is negative at the bow surface and near the bottom of the ship.Tux and k in the front area of the ship decrease from the bottom of the water flume towards the water surface, and τ first increases and then decreases vertically.The stern reflux zone forms a long elliptical shape with high values of Tux and k, as well as negative values of τ, and diffuses downstream.As the cross-section coefficient increases, the high and negative ranges of Tux, τ, and k decrease, and the inflection point of k shifts upward.Increasing the cross-section coefficient can significantly reduce the squeezing effect of the hull on the flow, reduce the influence of the hull shape on the flow, weaken the turbulent momentum transfer and exchange, reduce local high-intensity turbulence, and increase the stability of the flow field.
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KONG Lingshuang, SHEN Qi, WANG Youming, LIU Rulan, GU Fengfeng
2025(10):148-154
Abstract:
A study is carried out on the data of suspended sediment particle diameter in the fixed vertical line tests in the South and North Passages of the Yangtze Estuary in 2018 and 2019.The distribution characteristics of the suspended sediment particle diameter in the South and North Passages in terms of time and space and their causes are analyzed, and the variation laws of the suspended sediment particle diameter and composition in the Yangtze Estuary under different hydrological conditions such as runoff and tide are explored.The results show that the particle diameter of suspended sediment in the Yangtze Estuary is between 0.007 0 and 0.016 8 mm, and is larger in the dry season than in the flood season, larger during spring tide than during neap tide, and slightly coarser during the ebb tide period than during the flood tide period.The water body in the upper layer has fine suspended sediment, the water body in the lower layer has coarse suspended sediment, and the water body in the middle is between the two.The particle diameter of suspended sediment in the North Passage is slightly coarser than that in the South Passage.The suspended sediment in the South and North Passages is fine sediment.The proportion of fine silt, very fine silt and clay with a median particle diameter of less than 0.016 mm is about 70%, the proportion of sediment with a median particle diameter of less than 0.005 mm is about 30%, and the proportion of sediment with a median particle diameter of more than 0.062 mm is about 7%.
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CHEN Xiaoyi, CAI Xiangyun, QU Bin
2025(10):155-163
Abstract:
The construction of a tidal gate at the Huangpu River estuary is a major water conservancy project to ensure the safety of Shanghai's flood prevention and control.The project construction must adapt to the comprehensive needs of shipping development.To ensure the smoothness and safety of navigation, the engineering site selection research is carried out from the perspective of reducing the impact of navigation conditions.Based on the importance and characteristics of the project, the navigation safety risk atlas analysis method is adopted to conduct accident analysis, risk factor identification, and risk factor analysis.Eight key factors affecting gate site selection are extracted, including river stability, water depth conditions, water flow conditions, ship routes, navigation density, impact on surrounding planning, impact on important water related facilities, and contruction conditions.The results show that the impact of the Zhabei gate site on the navigation conditions of the waterway is relatively small, and it is recommended as the key research gate site for the next stage from the perspective of navigation.The research findings can provide technical references for project initiation decision-making and the deepening study of engineering schemes in the next stage.
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2025(10):164-170
Abstract:
Nanjing Port Master Plan(2024-2035)has defined the positioning and development direction of Nanjing Port.The trend towards larger-scale, more intensive port operations and the increasing size of ships entering and leaving the port has become inevitable, placing higher demands on the capacity of the Yangtze River waterway.On the basis of the port layout planning and the forecast of the maximum ship dimensions for different cargo types arriving at the port, as well as the navigable ship type dimensions on the main trunk of the Yangtze River, which is specified by national and industrial standards.We demonstrate typical ship types and target values for navigable channel dimension requirements of the Nanjing Port section upstream of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge during the planning period, and conduct research on the adaptability of the waterway's capacity.The results show that the current navigable channel dimensions and the construction standards of waterway regulation projects cannot fully meet the requirements of Nanjing Port Master Plan(2024-2035), leading to the proposal of optimization strategies for navigable channel dimensions.
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2025(10):171-178
Abstract:
In the context of national regional coordination and the improvement of the transportation system, the development of the Hunan-Guangxi Canal is of great significance.We comprehensively analyze the necessity of its construction, covering aspects such as optimizing inland waterway shipping, promoting regional coordination, reducing logistics costs, utilizing water resources, and driving development along the line, highlighting its key position in the transportation strategic layout.We adopt the line-selection segmented exhaustive method.Following the principles of driving the development of the hinterland, coordinating plans, and reducing environmental impacts, we select and combine routes in the section from Pingdao on the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River to the Xijiang River, forming multiple route schemes.Through systematic calculations and comprehensive evaluations of indicators such as the waterway natural conditions, freight volume, ecological protection, project investment, ship passage time, cascade layout, and ecological environment impact of each route, we determine Route 1 to be the optimal one.Route 1 has significant advantages such as a short over-mountain section, excellent water supply method, high operating efficiency, and low project cost.At the same time, the strategic value of the Fuqun River, a tributary of the Guijiang River, as the main branch waterway is clarified.
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LI Wei, WANG Cui, LIU Chunze, TANG Ying, ZHANG Baiwang, WANG Xiaoyuan
2025(10):179-187
Abstract:
In a domestic five-line ship lock project, the dimensions and operational parameters of each ship lock vary significantly.There are a large number of anchorages with different functions, and the ship navigation routes near the anchorages and locks are intertwined.Under the complex conditions, there is a lack of proper methods to analyze the operation rules of five-line ship lock.This article analyzes the operation rules of the five-line ship lock from two dimensions：the priority rules for ship entering and leaving the locks and the lock arrangement rules.Based on the simulation model of multi-line ship locks, a simulation modeling method considering ship navigation and introducing channel network initialization algorithm and channel navigation judgment algorithm is proposed.The results show that compared with the rule of “priority for incoming ships”, the passing capacity of the rule of “priority for outgoing ships” is about 20% higher.The adoption of “Lock No.1 is limited to ships with a width of more than 12 m, Lock No.2 is limited to ships with a width of less than 15m, and Locks No.3, 4, and 5 are limited to ships with a width of more than 10m” is slightly better than other scheduling rules.
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2025(10):188-194
Abstract:
With the development of large-scale ships, ship collisions with bridges and ports have become one of the main threats to navigation safety.However, the existing protective facilities mainly rely on passive protection and lack intelligence.In order to reduce the risk of ship-bridge and ship-port collisions, with the core concept of “active warning, active protection, and active decision-making”, a flexible barrier active ship interception system suitable for underwater structures such as bridges and ports is proposed by integrating key technologies such as ship navigation anomaly recognition, magnetic detection, and flexible airbag interception.The system composition, system functions, key technical characteristics, promotion, and benefits are elaborated.After analysis, the system can be used as an effective intelligent anti ship collision measure, with the characteristics of convenient and environmentally friendly construction, minimal landscape impact, strong environmental adaptability, intelligent control, durable use, and low cost.It can provide a basic theoretical basis and technical reference for the safety design of key bridges, key ports, and the risk control of waterway navigation safety.
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2025(10):195-202
Abstract:
The soft and thick clayey soil layers are commonly distributed in the nearshore waters of the Yangtze River Estuary, and their engineering characteristics have a direct impact on the construction of major projects.Piezocone penetration test (CPTU) is an effective in-situ testing method.By interpreting the test data, it can achieve the purpose of soil classification, soil layer division, and obtaining soil parameters.Due to the variability and regional characteristics of soil, it is necessary to establish a formula for the relationship between CPTU index and soil properties in an engineering site.Based on a regulation project in the nearshore waters of the Yangtze River Estuary, this paper carries out seabed mode cone penetration test and laboratory soil test, and establishes a formula for the relationship between modified cone resistance qt1 and soil gravity density γ.The range value and total average value of calibrated CPTU cone factor Nkt for clayey soil in the Yangtze River Estuary are calibrated based on consolidated quick direct shear, quick direct shear and unconsolidated-undrained triaxial tests.When there is a lack of site calibration results and geotechnical test results, using cone factor Nkt and the formula for the relationship between qt1 and γ can effectively solve the undrained shear strength of clayey soil in the engineering site, and provide a certain interpretation basis for clayey soil with similar physical properties in the coastal area of the Yangtze River Estuary.
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ZHONG Weilin, YU Yang, YUE Lin, LI Jie
2025(10):203-208
Abstract:
To address the insufficient accuracy of pile foundation settlement calculations in soft soil foundations of port engineering, this study proposes a refined calculation method applicable to soft soil by comparative analysis of differences in Mindlin stress influence coefficients between the national standard JGJ 94-2008 Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations and the Shanghai local standard DGJ 08-11-2018 Design Standard for Foundation Engineering.An improved Mindlin-based model integrating pile diameter and horizontal distance effects is developed through theoretical derivation, overcoming the parameter oversimplification and computational complexity of traditional methods.The results show that pile diameter induces 3%-10% errors in stress influence coefficients near the pile tip (calculation depth z≤3 m), but errors reduce to within 1% when the calculation depth exceeds 3 m.For horizontal distance ρ≥2 m, the computational error between the Shanghai local standard and national numerical integration method is less than 1%.This method enhances settlement calculation accuracy, it can provide efficient support for rigid pile treatments in soft soil foundations of port yard areas, and offer reference and guidance for developing computational programs for pile foundation settlement analysis.
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LI Wei, LUO Honggao, MEI Taotao, PAN Zekun
2025(10):209-216
Abstract:
With the construction of island reclamation projects in “the Belt and Road” , the problem of coral reef sand foundation treatment has attracted more and more attention from the engineering community.As an effective treatment method for sandy condition, stone columns mainly include two construction techniques：vibro-replacement stone column and vibrating tube stone column.Relying on the ground improvement project in the Red Sea of Saudi Arabia, a typical test area of vibro-replacement stone column and vibrating tube stone column is carried out, and the principle of soil reinforcement by stone column is explained.Starting from cone penetration test（CPT）, plate load test（PLT） and zone load test（ZLT）detection and analysis, settlement calculation is carried out using Settle 3 software, and the construction technology, construction efficiency and reinforcement effect of the two are compared.The results show that both 10% and 12.5% replacement rates can meet the design requirements of bearing capacity, settlement and anti-liquefaction;under the same replacement rate conditions, the vibrating tube stone column has a better effect on soil reinforcement than vibro-replacement stone column, but its work efficiency is lower than that of the vibro-replacement stone column.The test results can provide some reference for the selection of foundation treatment methods for similar coral reef sand.
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2025(10):217-223
Abstract:
For the risk of damage to built submarine pipelines caused by underwater blasting construction in marine engineering, taking the reef blasting in harbor dredging engineering adjacent to submarine pipelines as an example, this paper systematically describes and analyzes key thinking and technical applications of underwater blasting construction, and it mainly focus on the protection of the submarine pipelines during construction.The conclusion indicates that compared with underwater exposed blasting methods, underwater drilling blasting is a better method in blasting efficiency, consumables, and protection of surrounding structures.In blasting construction, the explosive quantity is the core of controlling the vibration speed of pipelines.It is necessary to calculate the relationship between explosive quantity and safety distance based on the allowable vibration speed of pipeline before construction, and design a safe detonation network for different blasting distances combined with equipment and materials.By setting weakened vibration holes and groove, the vibration transmission caused by underwater blasting can be further reduced, and the risk of vibration damage to pipelines can be lowered.Vibration monitoring can timely observe and collect the vibration status of pipelines during underwater blasting, providing a reference for adjusting construction methods or analyzing pipelines safety, and the pipeline integrity testing after construction is an important method to ensure the safety use of pipelines in production.
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2025(10):224-232
Abstract:
：In response to the problems such as the difficulty in obtaining real-time tide levels during dredging projects, low timeliness in processing depth measurement data, inability to directly transmit and use depth measurement results with the dredging system, and the impact on the timeliness of guidance for dredging construction, theoretical research, model verification, and field testing methods are adopted to conduct studies on real-time tide level reception and processing based on the Beidou cloud tide level, automatic filtering of multi-source depth measurement data, automatic quality inspection, and self-organizing network multi-link communication.Thus, the efficient and automatic processing technology for depth measurement in dredging engineering is proposed.The results of multiple project measurements show that the accuracy of the automated processing results of depth measurement data is comparable to that of manual processing, and the efficiency of automatic processing has been greatly improved.The processing of single-beam depth measurement data for a day's fieldwork can be completed within 5 min, with an efficiency improvement of 94%, and the processing of multi-beam depth measurement data can be completed within 60 min, with an efficiency improvement of 87%.The development of real-time quality control and processing of depth measurement data, real-time generation of depth measurement results, and real-time transmission between the depth measurement results and the dredging control system of the dredger has enabled the immediate acquisition of underwater topography during the dredging process, providing technical support for improving the efficiency and intelligence level of dredging construction.
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2025(10):233-240
Abstract:
Aiming at the problem of achieving refined sinking of accropode blocks under the condition of great water depth and complex flow in the Wangjiatan channel regulation project, a study on the force and motion characteristics during the hoisting and sinking process of the accropode group is carried out.Using a three-dimensional numerical simulation method, combining with the actual on-site operating conditions, a simulation model for the hoisting and sinking of the accropode group is constructed.The variation laws of the influence of factors such as wind speed, flow velocity, sinking speed, and sinking depth on key parameters such as drift distance, sling tension, and yaw angle are systematically analyzed.The results show that the flow velocity has a significant impact on the drift distance.As the flow velocity increases, the drift distance first increases, then decreases, and final increases again, with a maximum drift distance of 3.5 m.Due to the asymmetry of its own structure, the accropode group has uneven sinking forces and rotates continuously around the Z-axis during the sinking process.The flow velocity and sinking speed have a significant impact on this process.An increase in the sinking speed leads to an increase in the slamming load during sinking, resulting in severe fluctuations in the sling tension and seriously affecting the stability of the hoisting system.The research results can improve the sinking accuracy of accropode blocks under great water depth condition, effectively ensure construction safety, and provide technical reference and theoretical support for similar channel regulation projects.
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2025(10):241-248
Abstract:
Cracks on the surface layer concrete, the influence factors of appearance quality of the project and reducing the durability of the structure, are common quality problem in the construction of pile-supported wharf.It is necessary to study the causes of cracks in the surface layer of the wharf and take targeted control measures.We introduce the structural design, construction technology and cracks in the concrete surface layer of the test section of a pile-supported beam-slab wharf in East Africa, and use simulation calculations of concrete structure shrinkage stress and on-site investigation to analyze the crack causes that are drying shrinkage caused by water loss and plastic shrinkage caused by poor curing.Then we propose control measures from the aspects of optimizing raw material quality, optimizing concrete mix ratio, and improving construction technology, etc.In the subsequent typical construction, the amount of surface concrete is reduced by 98% and the maximum width of cracks is decreased by 60%.The control effects are well.
2025 Issue 10
Comprehensive
Port
Waterway and Navigation Strucure
Information Technology
Ground and Foundation
Construction
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LIU Xiaobin, WU Xiaolei, WU Peng
2025(2):1-8
Abstract:
The Canal Economic Zone represents an economic form that tightly integrates shipping economy with regional economy,serving as a significant measure to provide shipping support for the country’s new development pattern of “dual circulation”.Addressing issues such as unclear definition of the Canal Economic Zone,insufficient theoretical foundation,unclear operational logic,and unsystematic overall understanding,this article proposes the connotative characteristics of the Canal Economic Zone and a canal-oriented economic zone system.By employing interdisciplinary research,qualitative analysis,and case study methods,it concludes that the core content of Canal Economic Zone planning is to comprehensively develop the regions along the canal,develop canal-related industrial systems,organize production factors around the canal,and guide the agglomeration of urban and rural populations,ultimately forming a banded territorial spatial layout.The research results show that Canal Economic Zone planning should focus on six key aspects:core industries,banded space,open mechanisms,green development,county economy,and government-enterprise cooperation,to establish a canal-oriented productivity organization and territorial spatial layout model.
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XIE Libo, SU Lei, WANG Jianfeng, WANG Yuanxin, BI Jianwei, LING Xianzhang
2025(2):27-35
Abstract:
Wave is the main environmental load for pile-supported wharf (PSW) in deep water area.Investigating the dynamic response characteristics of PSW-seabed system under wave action is the basis of dynamic design for deep water port.In this paper,a 3D finite element model of wave-PSW-seabed is established by ADINA.Pore water pressure and acceleration of seabed around pile,deck displacement,as well as dynamic water pressure time history of pile shaft under wave action are obtained.The dynamic response characteristics of the PSW-seabed system are analyzed,and the influence of the changing wave period on the dynamic response of this system is discussed.The numerical simulation results show that:1) there is no cumulative effect on pore pressure around pile under wave action;2) Dynamic water pressure of middle pile is significantly greater than that of the side pile;3) Amplitudes of seabed pore pressure,seabed acceleration,and dynamic water pressure attenuate along the wave propagation,and the smaller wave period,the more significant the attenuation effect.The modeling technique involved in this study can provide reference for similar PSW numerical simulation under wave action,and the investigation results can provide support for dynamic design of PSW-seabed system.
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CHENG Lixing, GU Yong, LIANG Xin, HAO Yuchi
2025(2):184-190
Abstract:
Scour protection is one of the important issues that need to be faced in the design and maintenance of dock pile foundations.This article explores the feasibility of using solidified soil for pile foundation erosion protection,that is,using engineering construction soil to add suitable solidification agents to form solidified soil,covering the scouring area of bridge piers in an appropriate way,enhancing the anti erosion performance of the bed surface,and thus playing a protective role.This article conducted targeted physical model experiments and numerical simulations on the flowability,shear strength,and erosion resistance of different solidified soil formulations.The experimental results show that the collapse diameter of solidified soil increases with the increase of soil to water ratio,and the fluidity of solidified soil decreases rapidly with time.The shear strength of solidified soil slowly increases over time,and as the ash to soil ratio increases,the strength of solidified soil will also increase accordingly.The overall resistance of solidified soil to water flow erosion is good,and it can be used as a new type of erosion protection material.In underwater environments,the strength of solidified soil also increases over time,and its durability is good.
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FU Xuhui, GONG Huiling, HE Jinglin, TANG Rongling, ZHANG Bo
2025(2):110-118
Abstract:
In recent years,with the rapid development of shipping economy,waterway regulation projects are frequent in the Yangtze River basin.Although waterway regulation projects can improve flow conditions,they also have a certain impact on fish habitat.To explore the impact of different waterway regulation projects on fish habitat,we take Luoqi Reach of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as an example,and use numerical simulation method to compare and analyze the changes of habitat suitability of Four Major Chinese Carps before and after the waterway regulation project from the perspective of ecology and hydraulics.The results show that after the waterway regulation project,the very suitable area ratio of fish habitat increases by 1.21% at most,and the unsuitable area ratio decreases by 1.85% at most.Moreover,with the increase of water level and flow,the sub channel upstream of Luoqi will produce a suitable habitat environment for survival.
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2025(2):164-171
Abstract:
After the 175 m water storage operation of the Three Gorges project,the scale of Jiulongpo to Chaotianmen reach cannot meet planning requirements.During the sedimentation period,the sediment is washed up and down,and the erosion is not timely,causing shallow navigation obstruction in the channel.The channel regulation of this reach is carried out from 2016 to 2020 to improve the channel scale of the engineering reach and curb the adverse development of channel conditions.After the completion of the project,the improvement effect is analyzed through regular observation.The results show that the river regime in the engineering reach is stable,the scale of the channel is significantly improved,and the unfavorable development trend is curbed,resulting in effective improvement of the channel conditions,achieving the goal of channel regulation.
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XIE Yuxuan, WANG Guangsheng, YU Tong, GUAN Dawei
2025(2):17-26
Abstract:
The modern coastal protection systems place higher demands on the crest elevation and permeable of breakwaters.A three-dimensional numerical wave flume based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations is established to investigate the wave force of submerged perforated semi-circular breakwaters under the action of shallow water waves.The results indicate that there is a phase difference between the horizontal and vertical forces acting on the submerged semi-circular breakwater,with the critical sliding moment generally corresponding to the moment of maximum shoreward horizontal force.As the perforation rate increases from 0% to 25%,the dimensionless maximum shoreward and seaward horizontal forces on the submerged semi-circular breakwater decrease by 27.8% and 39.8%,respectively.With decreasing wave period and increasing submergence depth,the seaward sliding force on the submerged semi-circular breakwater increases.Empirical formulas provide conservative estimates for the total force on unperforated semi-circular breakwaters under long-period waves and extreme submergence conditions,and further overestimate the wave forces on submerged perforated semi-circular breakwaters.
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LIU Meimei, YING Zongquan, LI Jiamin, ZHAO Juan, LIANG Zihao
2025(2):45-50
Abstract:
To accurately evaluate the bending capacity of corroded reinforced concrete beam,we take three corroded reinforced concrete beams of prototype members as research objects,carry out the bearing capacity test and simulation analysis,and put forward a simplified calculation method for bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete beam with modified code.By using this method,the average cross-section corrosion ratio of all the steel bars in the same section can be converted from the corrosion ratio of one or several steel bars detected in the field,which can be used to calculate the strength utilization coefficient of the corroded steel bars,and solve the problem of inaccurate calculation of the bearing capacity when the cross-section corrosion ratio of the steel bar is greater than 10%.
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LIU Lu, SHI Youren, LU Xiaodong, CAO Huijiang
2025(2):157-163
Abstract:
The riverway conditions of the Huangpu River are complicated with many river bends,while Lujiazui Bend owns the largest curvature together with the smallest turning radius of the waterway among all the river bends of Huangpu River.With the rapid growth of the number of navigable ships in the Huangpu River,the silting of the beach near the convex bank of the Lujiazui Bend has a certain influence on the safe navigation of passing ships in recent years.Viewing platforms,regarded as urban reception halls of Shanghai,are set along Luijiazui Bend.Adverse impacts will be resulted from safety incidents in case.Therefore,we analyze the hydrological and sediment characteristics of Lujiazui Bend of Huangpu River,and historical changes of river regime as well as navigation characteristics of ships and surrounding restrictions,and propose the waterway layout and regulation measures in Lujiazui.The results show that cutting and widening the convex bank shoals on the east side of Lujiazui can slove the narrow problem of navigable waters of the bend,and improve the bend navigation environment for ships.
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SU Shiding, XU Xiong, ZHANG Bo, LYU Shuhui
2025(2):197-202
Abstract:
Coral reef sand,due to its special engineering properties such as fragility and high compressibility,differs from conventional sand.During impact pile driving,the process can easily cause complex changes in coral reef sand particles,such as breakage and shear,leading to pile running.Unanticipated pile running,especially over long distances,not only increases the difficulty of pile driving control but also poses high construction risks.Therefore,there is an urgent need for an analysis method to predict the depth of pile running in deep coral sand formations to guide pile driving control and reduce construction risks.In this paper,high strain pile tests are conducted in deep coral reef sand formations based on actual engineering scenarios.The analysis of soil resistance values in pile running conditions in coral reef sand is carried out,and a method for predicting the distance of pile running in coral reef sand formations is proposed.Furthermore,the pile driving control method that considers the risk reduction of pile running is proposed,and it is applied to 602 driven piles on-site for risk prediction of pile running and pile driving control,and the laws of pile diving in coral reef sand stratum are summarized.
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2025(2):150-156
Abstract:
In response to the comprehensive characteristics of multiple branching and large flow of the Heishazhou waterway,as well as the complex flow of the tidal river section in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the hydrological observation data are analyzed and summarized.Combined with the on-site practical work of the second phase of waterway regulation project construction,in-depth research is conducted on surface velocity and flow direction measurement,gradient observation,hydrological section measurement,etc.in hydrological observation.Modern new equipment and technology are used to optimize the layout of hydrological sections and water gauge positions,efficiently organize and implement,improve work efficiency,and obtain complete and detailed hydrological observation data.This method effectively solves the problems existing in the hydrological observation of the tidal reach of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and provides reliable basic data for the project design,construction and related thematic research.The research results can provide reference for similar projects.
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2025(2):81-88
Abstract:
Among the four major systems in automated terminals- seaside loading and discharging,horizontal transportation,yard handling,landside collection and distribution-the yard handling system presents the greatest difference across terminals.The Chinese port industry continues to innovate in yard layouts,based on the “vertical layout + end interaction” mode and the “horizontal layout + gate control” mode,introducing innovative transfer modes as well as “vertical layout + U-shaped channel” design.Through data gathering from automated terminals with varied yard configurations that have been put into operation,this study analyzes the characteristics of different yard layouts in terms of key indicators such as safety,land utilization rate,operational efficiency,automation level and energy consumption per TEU.It explores the establishment of a comprehensive evaluation system for the layout of automated terminals,providing a thorough and impartial assessment of various layout patterns to guide the construction and operation of automated terminals.The study also discusses the yard layouts for currently envisioned automated terminals.The research results have reference value for the layout planning and design of new automated terminal yards and the automation upgrading or renovation of traditional terminals.
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SHANGGUAN Yifei, HE Jinchao, XIE Feng, YUAN Hao, ZHAO Jiang
2025(2):142-149
Abstract:
The Mangdantan channel,consisting of three continuous branches,locates in the middle and lower reaches of the Nujiang River with bad flow condition.To investigate the natural navigation obstruction characteristics in Mangdantan continuous branching channel,the influence of different discharges in normal and dry period on the flow diversion,gradient,water depth condition and current speed distribution are numerically analyzed by the two-dimensional planar hydrodynamic model.The results show that the natural navigation obstruction characteristics include large gradient,insufficient water depth and rapid current speed.In addition,the flow condition in the branches R1-L2-L3 is better than those in the branches R1-R2-L3,therefore the branches R1-L2-L3 are suggested to be developed as the navigation channel.The research results can provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the regulation of Mangdantan and the channel development of similar continuous branching rivers.
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ZHU Zhengtao, JIANG Qingrong, HUANG Dong, LI Haibin, CHEN Xinchi
2025(2):72-80
Abstract:
Taking a dock project on the left bank of the Beijiang River as an example,the finite volume method is used to establish the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the 37.0 km long section of the Shaoguan (II) hydrological station to Mengli hydropower station,and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the 4.6 km long section of the project.A quantitative study is conducted on the differences in flood level,flow velocity distribution,and flood storage capacity of river channels under different construction schemes.The results show that when the flood frequency ranges from once every 50 years to once every 10 years,the increment of flood level is lower than 0.02 m under different schemes.The changes in flow velocity and pattern are mainly concentrated in the local river section from 100 m upstream to 260 m downstream of the dock.However,the changes in high flow velocity areas of the river are relatively small,as well as the changes in the dynamic axis of the main channel.Meanwhile,the actual flood storage capacity of the river has increased under the action of dredging in the harbor.From the perspective of flood safety and cargo safety,scheme 2 is a recommended plan,and relevant research methods can provide scientific reference for similar dock construction plans.
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Impact of Mujing first-lane ship lock discharge pattern on flow conditions in lower approach channel
WANG Zhaobing, GUO Tingting, ZHOU Xidong, HU Ruichang, YUAN Hao
2025(2):127-134
Abstract:
In the context of the double-lane ship locks sharing approach channel project,unsteady flow is prone to occur in the approach channel during lock discharge,causing turbulence in the flow field inside the approach channel,seriously affecting the safety of ship navigation and docking in the approach channel.Taking Mujing ship lock as an example,based on the RNG k-ε turbulent flow model,the navigation hydraulic characteristics of the approach channel are numerically simulated,and the unsteady navigation conditions inside the second-lane lock and the approach channel are analyzed during the discharge of the first-lane ship lock.The results show that when both sides of the first-lane ship lock release water simultaneously,the flow velocity in the approach channel does not meet the requirements of ship navigation and docking,and the formation of reflux,oblique and transverse flow patterns at the front of the separation dike of the second-lane ship lock affects the safety of ships entering and exiting the second-lane ship lock.After adopting the recommended side discharge method,the flow pattern in the approach channel has been improved,and the navigation flow conditions meet the requirements of safe navigation.The research results can provide a solution for the discharge method of double-lane ship locks.
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LIU Mingwei, ZHANG Siqi, WU Linjian, LI Huijiuyuan, DI Yutao, DAI Chuan
2025(2):51-62
Abstract:
To ensure the long-term operational safety of frame-structure vertical wharfs in inland waterways,it is crucial to conduct monitoring and inspection of their service performance.The placement and scheme of monitoring sensors directly affect the accuracy and reliability of monitoring results.Therefore,sensors should ideally be positioned within the structural load sensitive areas.However,due to the complexity of frame-structure vertical wharfs and the large number of load combinations,the locations and distributions of structural load sensitive areas under the most adverse load combinations remain unclear.To address this issue,this study,based on a large inland hub port,establishes a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of a frame-structure vertical wharf segment.By developing an algorithm to identify the most adverse load combinations for critical structural components,the most adverse load combinations for each component are determined.On this basis,the distribution patterns of load response points and the ranges of sensitive areas under the most adverse load combinations are identified by using finite element numerical simulation.The results indicate that under complex load combinations,steel components of frame-structure vertical wharfs exhibit greater load sensitivity compared to concrete components.The sensitive areas of steel components are primarily located at the junctions of high and low water levels and the cantilever ends of the front-row steel mooring structures.This study addresses issues such as redundancy and ineffectiveness in monitoring point placement,providing a theoretical basis for the deployment of monitoring sensors in inland hub port wharfs.
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ZHOU Jingxiang, PAN Haitao, CHEN Yongjian, YAN Qiang, WANG Yulong, WANG Chaoliang, ZHANG Zhisen, WANG Shuai
2025(2):9-16
Abstract:
Pinglu Canal is the key project of the Western Land-Sea New Corridor,and building an efficient,intelligent,green,and resilient canal is an important component of the construction of Pinglu Canal with high standard and high-quality.By planning the overall architecture of the smart canal and combining the characteristics and needs of the construction and operation management of Pinglu Canal,the smart construction and management system is proposed as a typical application scenario including “full process integration and coordination of construction and management,full cycle digital twin of progress management,full process simulation and regulation of quality management,all-around early warning and prevention of safety management,and full-link monitoring and early warning of green management”,as well as the typical application scenarios of the smart operation system,including “one-net efficient coordination of operation management,one-body seamless coordination and linkage of operation and dispatch,one-map scientific and intelligent management of locks and maintenance,one-click coordinated and connected emergency response,and one-station efficient and convenient logistics services”.Furthermore,we summarize the innovative technical features of the digital twin Pinglu Canal from five aspects of “full-factorial three-dimensional perception,full-process digital twin,full-process simulation and simulation,all-around intelligent services,and full-technology self-developed and controllable”,which can provide reference for the construction of similar smart port and navigation projects.
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LIU Zuofei, ZHU Binhua, FAN Shugang
2025(2):172-177
Abstract:
Research and practice on maintenance and dredging engineering are conducted to address the navigation obstacles faced by the Xiaziliang shoal section of the Three Gorges Reservoir’s variable backwater area during dry season,such as bends,narrowness,rapidity,and danger.It is found that the overall trend of this beach section is slow and continuous sedimentation by collecting a large amount of historical measured data and comparing and analyzing the changes in isobaths and erosion and sedimentation over the years.On the basis of the waterway conditions and water characteristics of this river section,the construction equipment and the water level are compared,and a reasonable maintenance and dredging plan is formulated.Implementation results of the project indicate that the maintenance and dredging project can improve the conditions of the waterway,expand navigable waters,and reduce the difficulty of ship operation,thereby ensuring the smoothness and safety of the waterway.
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ZHANG Qiyi, MENG Xiangfei, CHEN Kai, GUO Dongqi
2025(2):178-183
Abstract:
High pile structure is a kind of structure widely used in port and coast.Its dynamic response under wave action is the key factor to ensure the stable operation of the wharf.The software ABAQUS is used to build a three-dimensional wharf model and a wave flume with STAR-CCM+.The k-ε turbulence model and volume of fluid (VOF) motion interface tracking method are used to simulate waves,and the simulation of bidirectional coupling between wharf pile groups and waves is realized.Since the ratio of pile spacing to pile diameter is greater than 4,the interaction between piles does not need to be considered,and the error of the comparison model test is less than 5%,which can meet the requirements.The results show that the maximum force and displacement of the wharf pile groups under wave heights of 0.3 m,0.4 m,and 0.5 m can meet the code requirements.The displacement at the top of the pile is the largest,which is 0.66 mm.The maximum stress occurs at the bottom of the front row of piles in the pile group,which is 152.4 kPa.The concrete in the pile bottom area is prone to instability and failure,and special attention should be paid in practical engineering.
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YAO Hongcheng, XU Yanwen, ZHANG Wei, JI Xiaomei, HUANG Liming, WANG Xiaoguang, WU Yao
2025(2):36-44
Abstract:
Tidal asymmetry exerts an influence on nearshore material transportation and geomorphic evolution.Based on the Delft 3D FM,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is employed to establish the tidal movement simulations of Lingding Bay under the conditions of 1 970 s,2 010 s and the 2016 governing guideline shoreline.The response of tidal asymmetry to the seaward advancement of the shoreline in this area is analyzed by combining the reconciliation analysis and the skewness calculation method.Furthermore,the mechanism underlying tidal asymmetry change is examined by analyzing the contribution of different tidal constituent combinations.The research results show that the tidal height asymmetry between spring and neap tides in Lingding Bay varies.The seaward advance of the shoreline strengthens the flood tide dominance in tidal asymmetry.The seaward extension of the shoreline increases the tidal amplitude of the shallow water components while reducing the amplitude of the astronomical components,concurrently accelerating the tidal wave propagation speed.The contribution of the astronomical tidal components to tidal asymmetry gradually decreases upstream,whereas the contribution of the shallow water tidal components gradually increases.
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MENG Xiangyong, XUE Guodong, CAO Baojie, GAO Ruichao, MENG Xiankuo, WANG Hongwei, LIU Shixing
2025(2):191-196
Abstract:
multi-beam echo sounder system is used to monitor short-term erosion and sedimentation changes in the offshore area of the logistics park embankment in Binhai Port.It is found that there is an east-west oriented scour hole on the outer side of the embankment corner,which is about 570 m long and 110 m wide,and its edge has reached the bottom of the embankment,posing significant safety hazards.Through the analysis of monitoring data from May to November 2023,it is found that the edges of the scour hole continues to erode and showed no signs of slowing down.The research results provide accurate data support for subsequent embankment projects.The multi-beam echo sounder system can accurately identify the spatiotemporal changes in underwater topography,offering effective reference for similar embankment deformation monitoring.
