Abstract:The Pinglu Canal is a backbone project of the new western land-sea corridor, which is the first canal project connecting the river and the sea after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.The construction of the Pinglu Canal is huge in scale, evident in comprehensive benefits and complex in engineering technology, and there are key technical difficulties such as efficiency water-saving navigation locks, long-life concrete, and intelligent canal technology.Constructing high-quality project, green project, and integrity-based project, along with timely summarizing the innovative achievements and practical experience of the Pinglu Canal can provide reference guidelines for China’s future construction of canal projects.

Abstract:Ships passing through estuarine locks will cause salt water to sneak into the lock chamber and then invade the freshwater channel,causing water quality deterioration.Previous researches focused on the invasion of high concentration salt water (concentration 20‰-30‰) in sea locks,but the invasion process and characters of low concentration salt water intrusion (concentration 2.23‰-4.17‰) in estuarine locks are still unclear.Based on the large-scale water tank experiments,this paper studies the motion characteristics low concentration salt water and discusses the evolution process of low concentration salt water motion form,the relationship between salinity distribution and motion form,the motion velocity of salt water head,and the relationship between density Froude number and concentration.The results show that,driven by the density gradient force,the low concentration salt water still moves as a heterogeneous flow and concentrates at the bottom.The transformation distance of the heterogeneous flow form of low concentration salt water is farther compared with that of high concentration salt water,and its kinematic state can be divided into the sliding stage and self-similarity stage effected by the bottom-bed drag force.The density Froude number is constant in the sliding stage (FrH=0.32),and decreases linearly with time in the self-similarity stage (slope of -0.01).

Abstract:Taking the second phase ecological seawall of Wenzhou in Zhejiang Province as an example,we conduct physical model tests in a wave harbor pool to explore the mechanical characteristics of a cantilever framed seawall under irregular wave action.We measure the wave pressure values of the vertical wall and cantilever of the seawall under different incident wave conditions,and analyze their time-varying characteristics.Then we obtain the distribution characteristics of wave pressure on the seawall structure under various working conditions,explore the main influencing factors of structural stress,and carry out a redundancy analysis (RDA) on the total wave force and its influencing factors on the structure.The results show that under the action of wave peaks,there is a phase difference in the force acting on the vertical wall of the seawall at different positions in the horizontal direction,and there is a significant difference in the force process above and below the tide level.Under extreme working conditions,the connection between the vertical wall of the seawall and the cantilever is subjected to the maximum pressure.The maximum vertical total force on the entire structure is 5 653.125 kN,which is approximately 70% of the maximum horizontal total force.The correlation between significant wave height and structural stress is greater compared to tide level.In the design of cantilever framed seawalls,it is necessary to ensure the strength of the connection between the vertical wall and the cantilever,and fully consider the impact of vertical wave loads and the occurrence of maximum wave height on overall stability.

Abstract:We build a large-scale 2D tidal current and sediment mathematical model based on the Yalu River Estuary to study the water-sediment transport characteristics of Dadong waterway under the new boundary conditions.The results show that the M2 tidal isochron of the bay where the Yalu River Estuary is located is generally in the north-south direction,the tide rotation direction is counterclockwise.The M2 tidal amplitude gradually increases with the tidal wave from the outer side of the estuary towards the western waterway,reaching its maximum near the Miaogou Port Basin.The amplitude of the tidal wave deformation outside the mouth and in the western waterway can reach 20%.The flow intensity in the deep channel of Dadong waterway is obviously large,the sediment concentration in the southeast of Miaogou Port Basin is the largest,and the sediment concentration from the waters near the first harbor basin is decreasing.The Euler residual current and Stokes drift direction in Dadong waterway are seaward.The unit width tidal volume and unit width sediment transport volume at ebb tide are greater than that at flood tide.The direction of net tidal volume and net sediment transport volume is seaward.The sediment mainly comes from the mudflat of the west waterway and the mudflat on the east side of Dadong waterway.

Abstract:The pile-supported wharf structure in soft soil ground in deep-water is subjected to multiple loads such as environment loads and complex work loads.The research shows that ship impact load is the horizontal control load,yet long-term cyclic wave loads will cause the softening of the soft clay soil around piles,leading to the deterioration of the bearing capacity of the wharf structure under other loads.In view of this,a 3D elastoplastic finite element calculation model of wharf structure-foundation soil is established using ABAQUS,in which both weakening of soil strength and degradation of soil stiffness are considered with the help of the USDFLD subroutine.Furthermore,the comparative analyses of the bearing characteristics of the wharf without considering soil softening,only considering weakening of soil strength,only considering degradation of soil stiffness,and both considering weakening of soil strength and decaying of soil stiffness degradation are carried out.The results show that the safety factor of the wharf under the impact load considering the softening of soil strength is reduced by 14.72% when compared with only considering the weakening of the soil strength,and that is reduced by 15.28% when compared with only considering the decaying of soil stiffness,yet that is 19.44% when compared with both considering weakening of soil strength and decaying of soil stiffness.Besides,the plastic deformation range of the soil around the pile is significantly increased and the stress of pile body decreases slightly in the ultimate state,and the structural stability is significantly reduced.

Abstract:With the continuous development of coastal ports in China,the number of berths is growing,and the anchorage resources of port supporting facilities are increasingly scarce.Based on the port development demand in Que’er ao operation area of Toumen port area in Taizhou Port,the probability distribution of the arriving ships and the required number of anchorage spaces are estimated by assuming the utilization rate of berths,among which the most important is the small dangerous anchorage construction plan.Based on the analysis of seabed,traffic flow,wind,wave effects,water depth,and wave conditions,this article proposes two layout plans of small dangerous goods anchorage.By comparing the berthing and departure distance,the anchorage environment,and the connection with the local planning,a recommended anchorage layout plan is proposed,which provides strong support for the port development and construction of Que’er ao operation area.

Abstract:In response to the lack of evaluation standards for low carbon ports,taking green,energy-saving,carbon reduction and pollution reduction as the basic starting point,based on the P-S-R model,the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi method are used to create an index system for low-carbon port evaluation,which includes 7 primary indexes and 21 secondary indexes,including carbon emission indexes,energy activity indexes,water resources indexes,green building indexes,green electricity indexes,environmental carbon sink indexes,and management system indexes.The index system adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative indexes,which has good systematicity,scientificity,port characteristics,strong operability,and good synergy in reducing carbon emissions in ports.This paper also puts forward a method and judgment criteria for assigning evaluation indexes for low-carbon ports,and provides benchmark values of evaluation indexes based on normative standards,industry development plans,management regulations,and port statistical data over the years.The research results provide a complete and scientific evaluation basis for the creation of low-carbon ports,and have good application prospects.

Abstract:There are many factors affecting the responses of moored ships,and they are very complex.In this paper,the main factors including waves and mooring methods are studied.By physical model tests on a moored ship,the influence of wave conditions and mooring methods on the responses of moored ships is studied.The wave conditions include different wave directions and wave periods,and the mooring methods include different mooring line configurations with or without tail ropes and different mooring arrangement schemes.The research results indicate that the motions and mooring forces of moored ships under the action of 45° oblique waves are significantly smaller than those under the action of transverse waves.Within the experimental wave period range (T=3.5~6.0 s),the motions and mooring forces of the moored ship increase with the increase of the wave period.From the perspective of ship mooring safety,setting up tail ropes is advantageous.The arrangement of mooring lines moored at both the front and rear edges of the dock can significantly improve the resistance of ship mooring to the wind,wave and current,which is for the mooring condition without loading and unloading operations.

Abstract:Taking a port in Africa as an example,we conduct the sensitivity analysis on the main influencing factors such as wind,waves,and currents that affect ship operations,identify the characteristics and patterns of each influencing factor,and determine the calculation quantity of typical working conditions.Then we use MIKE21MA software for mooring analysis,compare the calculation results with control standards,and calculate the non-operational time by combining them with the joint frequency distribution of wave height and period.The results show that considering mooring conditions alone,the completely unstable mooring time accounts for 9.41% (37 days),instantaneous unstable mooring time accounts for 41.4% (148 days),and the completely stable mooring time accounts for 49.19% (approximately 180days).The method for determining the non-operational time in this project can be extended to similar terminal projects affected by long period waves.Sensitivity analysis can reduce calculation groups and improve calculation efficiency under limited resource conditions.

Abstract:The lateral deformation of a long-term service high pile wharf leads to pile top dislocation,which affects the connection between the pile cap and the crossbeam,and put the engineering safety of the wharf in a dangerous state.Based on a long-term service wharf in Tianjin port,we carry out the long-term monitoring of structural displacement and deep soil horizontal displacement,and conduct the numerical simulation analysis based on the monitoring results to study the corresponding laws of soil horizontal displacement and settlement and pile horizontal displacement and settlement of the slope-structure system of long-term service high pile wharf under the influence of creep,and study the influence of different fill thickness behind the slope on the lateral deformation of the slope-structure system.The results show that soil creep is an important factor influencing the lateral deformation of the slope-structure system of the high pile wharf in long-term service,and the creep deformation of the soil is mainly concentrated in the settlement of the rear yard and the vertical displacement of the silty clay on the surface of the slope.The creep rate of the bank slope soil decreases with increasing time.The vertical displacement of the pile body decreases continuously from the top to the bottom of the pile;the most unfavorable position of the wharf structure is near the top of the pile,and the difference in horizontal displacement of each row of frame pile base is obvious,the more inward the pile is.With the increasing thickness of the fill,the lateral deformation of the slope-structure system increases continuously.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the last kilometer of railway and port cannot be connected in the process of multimodal transport construction,this paper takes Qinzhou Port automated terminal sea-rail multimodal transport as a practical case,analyzes the current situation of sea-rail multimodal transport and difficulties such as unshared data and different transport rules in the process of promotion.Based on the characteristics of two different operating mechanisms of shipping and railway,empirical research method and case study method are adopted to propose a step-by-step promotion approach of integrating physical areas,sharing storage yard resources,breaking information barriers,realizing information system integration,and finally realizing unified scheduling and business integration.The research results can be used as reference for the construction of sea-rail multimodal transport in other ports

Abstract:A study is conducted on the issue of whether lateral constraints are set on the steel truss cantilever bridge crane track beams of a heavy- cargo bridge.ANSYS finite element method is used for comparative analysis with and without supports.It is found that although the setting of lateral supports increased the Z-direction deformation of the bridge crane track beams.The overall deflection difference of the double-sided track beams is reduced,the local stress of the track beams is reduced to 17 MPa.The safety reserve under the yield strength of the steel is increased by about 7%,so that the bridge crane can operate safely on a larger scale.The conclusions indicate that under the same working conditions,the setting of supports can ensure the safe operation of bridge cranes at the same position.At the same time,this calculation result has reference significance for engineering design.

Abstract:To optimize the allocation of limited maintenance funds for channel infrastructure and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of building maintenance budgets, statistics are conducted on improvement building technical condition categories from 2017 to 2021, and the number of improvement buildings requiring maintenance next year is predicted through expectation and quadratic regression. The spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of improvement building service status are analyzed, and a novel method of predicting future technical condition categories in each jurisdiction is proposed. The results show that the temporal distribution of technical condition categories is relatively stable, with little change from year to year, while the spatial distribution is greatly influenced by the specific environment of different reaches, with prominent proportions of 2nd and 3rd category buildings in the upper reach and prominent proportions of the 1st category buildings in the middle and lower reaches. Additionally, the prediction accuracy of the expectation method is strongly influenced by the fluctuation degree of the time series sample, but the quadratic regression method is less affected.

Abstract:The water transmission system is one of the important components of the locks,and the Xijin Second-Line Lock is an important navigable hub in the Xijiang River Shipping Main Line.To ensure the safe and efficient operation of the Xijin Second Line Lock,before the trial opening,water level meters are arranged in the lock chamber,valve well,maintenance door well,the front and rear of the upper (lower) lock head miter gate and the upstream approach channel.Oil pressure sensors are layed in the rod cavity and rodless cavity of each miter gate.The hydraulic characteristics of the water transmission system,the opening and closing characteristics of the valve and herringbone gate are comprehensively monitored,commissioned and analyzed.A reasonable operation mode is proposed.The results show that under the recommended operation mode,the inertia super-elevation (drop) is basically controlled within 0.10 m,which significantly improves the force conditions of the piston rod of the manned gate and can guarantee the safe operation and efficient navigation of the locks.

Abstract:In response to of the dual problems of navigation and flood control in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,this paper analyzes the characteristics of waterway regulation in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Based on flow continuity equations and motion equations of water flow,the paper deduces and analyzes the impact of traditional waterway adjustment measures and guardian measures on water depth and water level.A new method of waterway regulation measure that combines adjustment,guardian and dredging measures is proposed,and its impact on navigation and flood control is calculated and analyzed.The results show that,compared to traditional measures,the water depth of the navigation channel increases significantly,while the water level decreases significantly by using the new measure,which is beneficial for the coordination of flood control and navigation.

Abstract:In view of the decrease of water level caused by the decrease of minimum navigable flow at the Danjiangkou to Huangjiagang section after the implementation of the Yangtze River Diversion Project and Hanjiang River Reinforcement Project,the comprehensive regulation project of Danjiangkou to Huangjiagang section of Hanjiang River is studied.A two-dimensional flow mathematical model is used to simulate and compare the navigation flow conditions of the waterway before and after the implementation of the comprehensive regulation project.The results show that the implementation of comprehensive regulation project can effectively improve the navigation water flow conditions,solve the problem of reducing navigation standards in local river sections due to the reduction of minimum navigation flow and water level,and provide technical support for the implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.

Abstract:The flow patterns in the intersection area of tributary and main stream are complicated,and the artificial canal excavation has the characteristics of large intersection angle and large inlet flow,which has a significant impact on channel navigation,so it is necessary to implement the river treatment projects at the tributary mouth.Aiming at the navigation problem of the main stream of Pinglu Canal after the tributaries of Niujiang River and Xiadi River merge into the canal,this paper studies the flow movement characteristics of the incoming reaches.Based on the RNG k-ε turbulence model,a three-dimensional numerical simulation method is used to simulate the branch inflow conditions under different design conditions.The results show that the original design scheme does not meet the navigation conditions.Therefore,optimization measures such as reorientation of the inflow and expansion of the inflow section are proposed on the basis of the design scheme,which significantly improves the navigable water flow conditions and meets the requirements of the code.The research results can provide reference for similar projects.

Abstract:In response to the complex boundary conditions and difficulty in determining calculation parameters for the design of the reverse radial gate,as well as the lack of relevant design guidance literature and high design difficulty,we carry out the model test research on the reverse radial gate of the Datengxia ship lock,and summarize the design experience of the reverse radial gate of Gezhouba,Three Gorges,and Datengxia ship locks.we obtain a corridor shape that can effectively suppress cavitation phenomenon,select the dynamic water load coefficient based on the speed of closing the door.Adopting a fully enclosed door structure and streamlined bottom edge can reduce water flow disturbance,improve flow patterns,and reduce cavitation damage.The calculation of the opening and closing force needs to consider design points and rationalization suggestions such as dynamic water resistance and water column force.

Abstract:With the gradual improvement of the infrastructure system in the trunk stream of the Yangtze River channel,the problem of the maintenance of waterway regulation buildings is becoming more and more prominent.Based on the fundamental maintenance data of the Yangtze River channel,we calculate and analyze Thiel index,Moran index and standard distance to study the spatial-temporal characteristics of the technical status of channel regulation buildings.The results show that the number of channel regulation buildings and the technical condition grade is increasing by years,and 2019 is the turning point of the Thiel index.The maintenance of channel regulation buildings such as spur dike and beach protection belt need to be focused on.The distribution of the technical condition of channel regulation buildings in the trunk stream of the Yangtze River channel presents a significant clustering feature.In the upper reaches,the technical status of channel regulation buildings is more centralized compared to that of the middle and lower reaches.

Abstract:Baise water conservancy hub navigation facilities project in Guangxi takes the lead in the navigation building layout using a combination of “water-saving ship lock + ship lift + auxiliary ship lock”,with a water-saving ship lock that includes a two-level independent trapezoidal section water-saving pool,which can save up to 55% of water resources.We introduce the selection of the type of navigation building for Baise water conservancy hub navigation facilities project,and explain the water level fluctuations caused by the discharge flow of the ship lock into the middle channel after adopting the “water-saving ship lock + ship lift + auxiliary ship lock” combination scheme,as well as the requirements for water level changes during the docking process of the fully balanced ship lift.In order to solve the problem of the impact of water level fluctuations on the safe operation of the ship lift,we propose two schemes including non-water-saving ship lock + water discharge scheme and the water-saving ship lock scheme,and compare in terms of technical and economic aspects to determine the water-saving ship lock as the finally scheme.

Abstract:After the completion of the 6-meter-deep waterway regulation project in Wu’an section,10,000-ton river and sea ships can pass through Wuhan throughout the year,and the economic benefit of shipping is very significant.Taking bulk cargo as a representative ship,this paper scientifically evaluates the freight volume and ship structure of Wu’an section based on the statistical data of Wu’an section from 2018 to 2022 in accordance with the principle of “with and without ” and actual occurrence.On this basis,the quantitative calculation model of shipping economic benefit is built to evaluate the shipping economic benefit after the implementation of Wu’an section.It is estimated that in 2022,the shipping economic benefit of wu’an section bulk carriers will reach 484 million yuan,exceeding the expected target of the engineering design stage.The research can not only be used to determine whether the main economic benefit indicators of the project are realized,and provide an important reference for the post-project evaluation,but also help to guide the investment and management of waterway engineering projects,and provide a basis for promoting the optimization of relevant project plans and policies.

Abstract:To deeply understand the complex changes of low water regime in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the monthly variation characteristics of low water level at Yichang,Shashi,Hankou,Datong and other important control stations were studied by using the hydrological variation diagnosis system.The results show that the variation of Yichang station in dry season was moderate and strong.Strong and huge variation occurred in Shashi station,and the variation degree was the strongest.Pure random (no variation) to strong variation occurred in Hankou station;Pure random (no variation) to medium variation occurred in Datong station.Each station experienced downward variation from October to November.The water level (discharge) of Yichang,Shashi and Hankou stations decreased by 0.76 m(6 000 m3s),2.82 m(7 000 m3s) and 1.66 m (10,000 m3s) respectively after the flood season in 2021 compared with 2003,However,there was no obvious changes at Datong station,and its potential impact on shipping should be further analyzed.

Abstract:The upper reaches of the Yangtze River are an important part of the golden waterway of the Yangtze River.The intake of the Jingangtuo pumping station in the Western Chongqing Water Resources Allocation project is located on the left bank of the Shengzhongba waterway in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.In recent years,the channel behind the Guandaoqi spur dike has been further affected by floods.The construction of the water intake will cause the channel to flow over,resulting in a decrease in the water level of the main channel and shallow navigation obstruction.In extreme cases,it may also affect the normal operation of the water intake facilities.To ensure the safety of waterway navigation and the efficiency of water intake,this paper puts forward the corresponding treatment scheme.Through the riprap backfill and throwing the twisted king block to consolidate the beach,the river regime can be effectively stabilized,the original beach morphology can be restored,the continuous scouring development of the rear ditches can be suppressed,and the impact of water intake facility construction on the waterway can be reduced，and the goal of stabilizing the water intake conditions during the operation period of the water intake head and ensuring water intake efficiency can also be achieved.

Abstract:The Weishan Third Line Ship Lock Project is located on the main channel of the Grand Canal Link and the eastern water transmission line of the South to North Water Diversion Project,and needs to balance the goals of efficient navigation and water conservation.To the problem of calculating the plane scale of lock chamber and the capacity of ship lock chamber and the water consumption of lock chamber,based on the analysis of the ship-to-ship ratio and ship-type scale in the design level year,this paper puts forward different lock chamber plane scale schemes according to the main ship-type scale,and carries out the calculation of the lock carrying capacity and water consumption to obtain the quantitative relationship between lock carrying capacity,water consumption and lock chamber plane scale.The conclusion is that the passing capacity of Weishan Third Line Ship Lock increases with the increase of the lock chamber plane scale,but the increase is different.The water consumption does not increase with the increase of the lock chamber plane scale.Therefor,it is necessary to conduct a plane scale demonstration of the lock chamber.The plane size of the lock chamber for Weishan Third Line Ship Lock Project should be 34 m × 280 m.The method for determining the plane scale of the lock chamber in the Weishan Third Line Ship Lock Project has positive reference significance for similar engineering construction and standard revision.

Abstract:The renovation and expansion of the ship lock of the water conservancy hub is a control project in the inland waterway regulation project.Taking the prototype observation practice of the second line ship lock project of the Youjiang Jinjitan hydro-junction as an example,this paper analyzes and summarizes the methods of prototype observation for ship lock renovation and expansion,mainly including five observation methods,such as gradient observation,surface velocity direction measurement,cross-sectional flow and flow velocity direction observation,sediment testing,and sediment sampling.Through on-site practical production,multi-dimensional synchronize observation and sampling are carried out in the upstream and downstream of the hub,and the observation results are statistically analyzed and studied to provide hydrological basic data for the planning,design,and construction technical schemes for the hub ship lock expansion and renovation,providing accurate engineering implementation data for model testing and waterway regulation project.It is worth learning and applying in similar projects.

Abstract:The expansion of the ship lock on the existing lock hub is limited by the surrounding environment (existing lock structure,supporting facilities,houses),boundary conditions and many other factors,so the design work is more difficult.Therefore,for the second-line ship lock project of Jiantan Junction,factors such as the flow conditions of the hub,navigation conditions of the ship lock,safety of adjacent buildings and construction conditions are comprehensively considered.By adopting engineering measures such as the displacement arrangement of ship lock,the broken approach channel and the release of the berthing section,the existing structure can be avoided.The optimal lock layout scheme that meets the requirements of safe navigation and Dongjiang flood control under the design standard is proposed.It provides important technical support for the design.The layout scheme and relevant technical measures of Jiantan Junction ship lock reconstruction and expansion project can provide reference for the construction of ship lock reconstruction and expansion with complicated surrounding environment.

Abstract:In response to the technical difficulties in the renovation of high-head ship locks using part of the original hydraulic structure,taking Hongjiang ship lock in Yuanshui River as an example,innovative measures such as model testing,comprehensive safety evaluation of the hub dam,optimization of the overall layout of the lock,reinforcement and renovation of old ship locks,and renovation of water conveyance systems are adopted to minimize adverse effects on hub power generation,dam safety,and flood control safety.This paper studies the three renovation schemes from the aspects of approach channel layout,navigation conditions,diversion buildings and the influence of the original lock structure,and determines the recommended scheme of lock expansion and renovation,which can provide reference for similar projects.

Abstract:Aiming at the long-term problems such as timeliness poor,and frequent errors and omissions in the process of artificial statistics in the capability supply level data tracking of Chinese coastal ports,we analyze the specific reasons for the distortion of traditional berth passing capacity statistics,propose to use berth utilization rate as a representation index to evaluate port service level,and make spatial topological analysis based on geographic information system(GIS) platform and automatic identification system(AIS) data coupling.Then we develop a berth utilization algorithm model based on AIS big data by comprehensively considering the influencing factors such as spatial relationship,speed characteristics and length of stay,and verify the algorithm by taking the container berth utilization rate of Shanghai Port in 2019 as an example.The results show that the proposed berth utilization algorithm model is credible.The algorithm model can provide a technical means to reflect the objective reality and quantitatively analyze and judge the port service level.It can help government departments to dynamically monitor the interactive balance relationship between port capacity and transportation demand in the long term,support government departments to make decisions on port development priorities and construction timing,and provide technical support to avoid space resource waste,redundant construction,excess capacity and other problems

Abstract:The yard operation efficiency is an important index reflecting the sea-side loading and unloading capacity of automated container terminal and the level of receiving and dispatching containers on the land-side.Aiming at the unreasonable and low efficiency problems of yard scheduling condition that occur during the yard operation of automated container terminal,we carry out the research on yard scheduling rule.By analyzing the actual operational requirements of each working condition in the yard,we establish the scheduling principles for sea-side and land-side operations in the yard,optimize the scheduling sequence for different working conditions,and increase the ratio of re-entry and re-exit of automated yard operations to improve the logic of scheduling in the yard of the automated terminal.Then we compare yard operation efficiencies before and after the optimization of the scheduling rules.The results show that the optimized yard scheduling rules can significantly improve the efficiency of automated terminal yard operation and external service level,and improve the core competitiveness of automated terminals.

Abstract:The waterway is an important public welfare transportation infrastructure for the country and the foundation of high-quality development of inland waterway shipping.Under the strong guidance of policies such as new infrastructure construction and digital transportation,the development of smart channels faces significant opportunities.Currently,large-scale smart waterway projects are about to start construction,but a specific evaluation index system for the effectiveness of smart waterway construction has not yet been established.To guide and standardize the construction of smart channels,the study has proposed an evaluation index system.The analytic hierarchy process is used to construct a score evaluation model for construction effectiveness.This study also proposed a classification definition for smart channels.The results can evaluate the effectiveness of smart waterway engineering construction objectively and quantitatively.It is conducive to promoting the digital and intelligent transformation and upgrading of waterway infrastructure.

Abstract:Dredged soil in the Leqing Bay area of Zhejiang Province has the characteristics of high pore ratio,high clay content,high moisture content,high thixotropy,low shear strength,and slow drainage.Its engineering properties are poor,and reinforcement is difficult.Combining with a vacuum preloading project in the north port area of Leqing Bay reclamation area,we set up four 3 000 m2 vacuum preloading test areas to study the differences in reinforcement effects of different plastic drainage plate spacing and models under the same vacuum degree,and analyze the reinforcement effect through monitoring data such as membrane vacuum degree,surface settlement,pore water pressure,as well as detection results of soil moisture content and vane shear strength.Then we analyze the dispersion of physical and mechanical indicators of unstructured dredged soil based on a large amount of testing data on moisture content and vane shear strength in the test area,and provide suggestions for reasonable acceptance indicators after reinforcement.The results show that when using vacuum preloading to reinforce ultrafine particle unstructured dredged soil,there is no significant difference between A-type and B-type plates for shallow reinforcement,and the improvement of reinforcement effect is not significant when the spacing between plastic drainage plates is less than 100 cm.After the reinforcement of unstructured dredged soil,the mechanical indicators are relatively discrete while the moisture content indicator is relatively stable.It is recommended to use the moisture content as the acceptance indicator.It is recommended to use the three-phase composition of the soil to calculate the compression ratio and settlement of unstructured dredged soil.

Abstract:Aiming at the high cost of the bulkhead structure with inclined support pile and sheet pipe pile platform,combined with the practical application of the Yangshan Port area,the optimization design is studied.Using the same design calculation model as the existing structure,the use conditions and mechanical characteristics of the structure are compared and analyzed.The conclusion is drawn that the application of similar structures in large container terminals on soft soil can significantly optimize the structure.A new type of semi-vertical bulkhead structure,namely inclined top support sheet pile structure,has been formed by staging construction rock mound behind the wall,canceling the back supporting pile,using the composite sheet pile of steel pipe and steel plate optimize the closely steel sheet pile structure,optimizing the big platform as a small guide beam.The results show that the independent stable structure system composed of inclined top support sheet pile and the lower rock mound can better adapt to the earlier deformation characteristics of high fill in soft soil foundation and the use requirements of superstructure in the later period.The new structure makes more rational use of the bearing capacity of pile foundation structure and is more economical.It is conducive to the popularization of similar projects in soft foundation area.

Abstract:Dock entrance foundation pit is usually by the water,and the uniform retaining structure like bored pile is often used in conventional engineering,which does not meet the special needs of subsequent dismantling and ship launching.In this paper,a compound retaining system of steel sheet pile and bored pile is proposed based on a rectangular foundation pit of a dock entrance in Shanghai soft deposit.The excavation is retained by steel sheet pile at riverside which is advantageous in construction and dismantling and bored pile at the other 3 sides which is stiff in retaining.The retaining structure,the waterproof curtain and the supporting system play a joint role in the construction process.The field construction shows that the deformation and force of the dock entrance foundation pit retained by a combination of steel sheet pile and bored pile are both effectively controlled,which verifies the feasibility of the compound retaining system in engineering application,and can provide reference for the design and construction of the dock entrance foundation pit.

Abstract:In order to solve the problem that the navigation wall needs to be added or extended due to the synchronous berthing mode to improve the operation efficiency of the in-service ship locks,we introduce the structure and construction scheme of two additional navigation walls in the in-service ship locks.Taking Gezhouba No.2 ship lock and Three Gorges ship lock as examples,we elaborate the construction process of in-service ship locks with the two navigation wall structures.The results show that compared with the traditional navigation wall structure and construction method,in-service ship locks with the two navigation walls can meet the operation requirements,and effectively reduce the construction period without affecting the navigation of ships during the construction period,and provide structural and construction scheme options with less impact on their own operation for most in-service ship locks.

Abstract:Trailing suction hopper dredger(TSHD) is one of the most widely used ship types in dredging projects,which is suitable for excavation of soil such as mud,clay and even gravel.The soil quality of a port in Tanzania is mainly coral glue sand,its standard penetration number is up to 50 strikes,and it is easy to block,and the blocking head is serious.There are a large number of tires,fishing nets,and anchors on the surface,blocking the rake head seriously.In the process of construction,it is necessary to solve the problem that debris and coral cement sand block up the rake,the working conditions of the two are completely different,and can not be dealt with alone.Based on the analysis of various technical parameters on site,this paper takes measures such as making special cleaning tools,transforming TSHD equipment and improving construction technology to achieve the purpose of improving the construction efficiency of TSHD.It can provide a reference for dredging multi-debris and easy to block soil using TSHD.

Abstract:Based on the engineering practice,the paper compares and analyzes the process of the water operation platform for pier construction,and introduces the process characteristics,principles,flow and operation points of the precision rolled rolling threaded hanging bottom platform.Combined with the structural characteristics of the fully straight pile,the design of the connection between the pile foundation and the upper structure is innovated.Four fan-shaped steel plates are installed on outer side of the steel pipe piles and welded into circular shape,forming a new type of composite support structure together with the precision rolled threaded hanging bottom and bottom mold,accelerates the project progress,ensures the safety and quality of the construction of large volume high pile piers and technical benefits.This can provide reference for similar pier and abutment construction,as well as the design of connection methods between steel pipe piles and upper structures.

Abstract:In the construction process,mass concrete is prone to varying degrees of pollution,uneven concrete surfaces,and inadequate aesthetic quality.When considering a combination of technical criteria such as economy,aesthetics,environmental friendliness,and technical feasibility,selecting the optimal decorative scheme has become a important consideration for ensuring construction quality.Therefore,this paper utilizes a combination weighting method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process to calculate subjective weights and employs the rough entropy method to calculate objective weights.Furthermore,by calculating the error of weight preference coefficient,the combination weight is obtained,and an combined with cooperative game metod and minimum deviation as the objective,the combination weight is determined for evaluation.Taking the Jialing River Cascade Canalization Lize Navigation Hub Shiplock Project as an example,multiple schemes are compared,and selected from the processes of foundation treatment,material mix ratio optimization,and protective material coating.The model used calculated that the imitation clearwater concrete coating construction,with a weight value of 58.35%,is selected as the optimal scheme.After being put into practical use,the appearance quality of the ship lock concrete is significantly improved,in order to provide reference for other similar engineering projects.