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Abstract:In the new era，China’s transportation development has entered a new phase of building national strength in transportation，and the structural shortcomings of inland water transportation are becoming more and more prominent. 2020-2035 is a critical period for the development of China’s inland water transportation，facing the dual requirements of complementing shortcomings and high-quality development. This paper analyzes the current development foundation and existing problems of inland water transportation in China，judges the impact and requirements of the new trend of economic and industrial development in the new era on inland water transportation，analyzes the significance of vigorously promoting high-quality development of China’s inland water transportation and the connotation of high-quality development of inland water transportation in the new era，and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to achieve high-quality development of China’s inland water transportation in the new era，to serve as reference for fully building a modern inland water transportation system that satisfies the people，provides strong guarantees，and leads the world.

Abstract:According to the force characteristics，hydraulic structures for water transport engineering are classified into high-pile structures，sheet pile structures，gravity structures，and bank slopes. Based on the analysis of the seismic response characteristics of various structures of the water transport engineering under the earthquake，with reference to the domestic and foreign structural seismic design codes，considering the characteristics of China’s water transport engineering and inheritance of China’s water transport engineering codes，and in conjunction with the need to go global with standards，we propose suggestions on the seismic protection standards for different structures of the water transport engineering，which may serve as reference for the revision of China’s Seismic Design Code for Water Transport Engineering.

Abstract:Traditional EPC projects often suffer from a disconnection between design and construction，and design institutes often fail to play the role of leading advantage due to the problems of internal management. This paper is based on a typical international project with cash settlement. Fully grasping the overall and technical advantages from the perspective of the design institute and overcoming the internal management problems with the mode of the design department leading，with the top-level design formed by “One Intention”，“One Boat”，“One Chessboard”，and “One Family”，and by the mode of “Combination Management” and the system of “Earn-out Commitment”，the enthusiasm of project management team is fully motivated and the management objective of creating value through technology value from technology is achieved. The successful implementation of the project proves the effectiveness of such innovative management，which may serve as reference for similar projects.

Abstract:To analyze the differences of various national codes in reliability design regulations，we select European，British and American codes，and carry out a comparative analysis of the main contents of structural reliability design regulations，i.e. safety grade，design working life，the minimum target reliability index，design situations，as well as the limit state design expressions. Combining overseas engineering practice，we conduct structural internal force calculation and choose typical concrete structural members to design according to various codes. The results show that although all codes recommend the limit state design method based on reliability，there are differences in action calculation，partial factors，combination factors and design expression，resulting in different design results based on codes of different countries.

Abstract:Under the new development pattern of “dual circulation”，China’s land ports generally lack sufficient understanding of domestic and international two-way opening，strong dependence on functions of seaports，and single function setting and unclear land port characteristics and planning priorities due to the consideration of land ports in logistics terms. Based on the research on the development stage and functional evolution characteristics of land ports by the interdisciplinary research，functional analysis and qualitative analysis，we come up with five key points of the international port planning from the perspectives of transportation，logistics and supply chain，ports and two-way opening，bonding and free trade，and port-industry-city integrated development，and applies it to the Ganzhou international land port planning. The conclusion is that the international land port should not copy sea port operation logic，and the international land port planning should avoid the narrow professionalism of the port in terms of the port. The path must be deeply embedded in the territorial industry chain and supply chain，and create a new type of port-industry-city planning system suitable for the high-quality development to provide reference for exploring China’s land port planning.

Abstract:Based on systematically combing the current relevant laws and standards，JTS/T 108-3—2019 Specifications for the design of safety facilities for dangerous goods port construction projects conducts research on principles，basis，scope，content，design depth，etc. of safety facility design for dangerous goods port construction projects，and forms the standard requirements for systematization of safety facilities design. This paper puts forward the establishment system and technological innovation of specifications，to reference of designers and managers，which is of great significance to guide the design and construction of safety facilities for dangerous goods port construction projects，and to prevent port production safety risks from the source.

Abstract:The Yongzhou Railway from Ningbo to Zhoushan is an important link for Zhoushan to integrate into the national high-speed railway networks. The tunnel line through the Jintang waterway faces the buried environmental risks caused by the excessive natural water depth，local limit scour，anchor dropping，or dragging of large ships during navigation and mooring. The paper has comprehensively combed the current navigation conditions and anchorage conditions of the Jintang waterway，and carried out special studies on historical coast evolution，limit erosion and deposition analysis，anchor drop and towed anchor strike depth，etc.The study has proposed the local minimum buried depth and the along with requirement the buried dimension of the Yongzhou Railway tunnel passing through the Jintang waterway，which has provided important technical support for the longest undersea rail tunnel construction in our country.

Abstract:To comprehensively grasp the hidden dangers of natural disasters in China and improve the comprehensive prevention ability of the whole society against natural disasters，the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters is carried out from 2020 to 2022. To master the spatial distribution，basic attribute characteristics，and natural disaster attribute characteristics of national waterway disaster bodies，master the base of national waterway natural disasters，and form the comprehensive risk zoning of national waterway natural disasters，Technical guide for comprehensive risk survey of waterway disaster bodies in natural disaster is carried out. By constructing the comprehensive risk assessment indexes and weights of natural disasters in port operation areas，inland waterways，navigation structures，and shipping hubs，the risk level is evaluated by the index system method and the risk matrix method，and the risk assessment and risk zoning map of national waterway natural disasters is formed，which will provide scientific decision-making basis for emergency management of national and local governments at all levels.

Abstract:In response to the problems of poor water exchange capacity in Qianhai Bay，serious surface substrate pollution，large muddy shores exposed at low tide，and near-shore waters inferior to Class IV seawater standards，which seriously affect the surrounding environment and the landscape of Qianhai，we probe into the hydrodynamic force，sediment erosion and deposition，water exchange，water environment capacity，polluted dredged soil treatment and resource utilization，etc. and propose an ecological and environmental protection remediation scheme. The implementation of the project improved the water environment of the bay area，protected and restored the marine ecology，and may serve as reference for river and lake bay management and channel dredging projects.

Abstract:In view of the problem of endogenous pollution in Baiyangdian，we carry out experimental research on Baiyangdian water environmental treatment. Ecological dredging is used as the main plan to implement different ecological desilting measures by adopting the environmentally friendly cutter suction boats，mud pumps and dry excavation for different underlying surface types，supplemented by reasonable sediment transportation，dewatering，mud resources and residual water treatment. After implementation of the project，the expected experimental research results are achieved，which provides a strong support for the formation of a feasible and effective Baiyangdian water environmental treatment model.

Abstract:Setting tolerable wave overtopping criteria based on the revetment function is one orientation in wave overtopping study. It makes sense to study the calculation of individual overtopping wave volumes，since it will facilitate the drainage design behind the revetment. We summarize the popular used tolerable wave overtopping criteria and calculation formulas，and discuss the impacts of the berm and the correlation of parameters in the calculation formulas based on the south revetment of the Ras Al Khair Port expansion project. The results show that the tolerable wave overtopping criteria listed in European standards and the United States standards are stricter than in Chinese standards and Japanese standards. Setting a reasonable berm and considering the correlation of wave height and water level can decrease the value of the calculated overtopping volume. The calculated overtopping volume is highly sensitive to wave height and water level，the tolerable overtopping volume can be classified in reasonable magnitudes. Considering the impact of the berm and the correlation of parameters in wave overtopping calculation can benefit the contractor，especially in projects that require extremely low overtopping discharge.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the main container yard detailed design of Naivasha ICD in Kenya，it is necessary to meet the requirement of the reach stacker handling containers from standard gauge train in the short-term，and it is necessary to meet the requirement of the rail-mounted gantry cranes to convert standard gauge trains and meter gauge trains in the long-term，we carry out a detailed study. We analyze the short-term and long-term functional requirements and the current conditions of the project area，consider the interaction of multiple factors combining with the topographic and geomorphic characteristics，drainage and earthwork requirements，determine the general layout of the project，which can meet the short-term and long-term functional requirements and reduce the long-term reconstruction quantity. The results can provide references for similar projects.

Abstract:Refer to integrated transportation system projects，such as bridges and tunnels，the drainage design of artificial islands has become a key factor for safety and flood prevention. We take the integral drainage physical model test and drainage design of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan channel project as an example，optimize the integrated physical model，simulate the superposition condition of the random overtopping and actual rainfall superposition，and apply it to the drainage design of artificial island under the gravity flow and pressure flow. At the same time，comparing with the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project，we summarize the essentials，trends，and development directions of artificial islands physical model test and corresponding drainage design. The results show that the drainage physical model test should be combined with the integral and local tests，simulating conditions of the random overtopping and actual rainfall，which can significantly improve the accuracy of the test.

Abstract:Under complex sea conditions，there are many kinds of equipment available for 3D detection and accurate positioning analysis of underwater hydraulic structures. However，the reliability and accuracy of the detection need to be further analyzed and verified. Combining with Guangdong Jieyang Petrochemical Crude Oil Terminal Project，we adopt the multi-beam echo-sounder system and the underwater 3D real-time sonar system，and build model with the point cloud data. The data collected by the two systems are integrated and processed，and the coordinate and elevation of the building are accurately analyzed. The multi-beam echo-sounder system can be used for measuring the absolute coordinates of underwater structures，and the real-time 3D sonar system can obtain accurate model image of the target object. Integrating and processing the two kinds of data，we can accurately analyze the position and state of the object by the visual method. This method can be used for the harbor and wharf maintenance，underwater building inspection，and provide an effective detection and positioning method and visual tools for the reconstruction and restoration of old wharves.

Abstract:Dredging works are huge in water transportation engineering construction projects，and the investment accounts for a large proportion. To control the project investment，the dredging ship type should be selected reasonably according to the situation of the project. Based on the current dredging quota，this paper analyzes the price composition and influencing factors，constructs the relationship curves between the comprehensive unit prices of the dredging projects and volumes at the same haul distance when the ship type and specification change，summarizes the economical and applicable dredging volume ranges of different ship types，and analyzes the change trend of unit prices. Then this paper constructs comprehensive unit prices and transportation distances curve diagrams，and finds the balance point of the quantity and economical haul distance. The results show that when the volume is large enough，we prefer large-scale ships；and when the distance is long enough，we prefer grab dredgers and self-propelled mud barges to self-propelled trailing suction dredgers.

Abstract:The problem of how to make the plane layout better and reduce the influence of long-period waves through numerical simulation in the early design stage of the wharf in long-period waves sea area is studied.This paper uses the WW3 ocean wave model，MIKE21SW module，and MIKE21BW module to conduct a more comprehensive simulation of long-period waves which is verified based on the measured data. The simulation steps can be used as a general operation procedures for long-period wave simulation. To better reveal the impact of long-period waves on the ship’s response，the integrated waves are separated into short wave elements（＜30 s）and longwave elements（≥30 s），and Hs＜0.3 m is used as the preliminary judgment standard. It is concluded that the port general layout needs to expand the shielding range to block the main wave direction of long-period waves，and at the same time minimize the size of the entrance door to reduce the long-period wave input energy and reduce the wave height in the port.

Abstract:The large open oil terminal area in Lanshan Port Area of Rizhao port is planned to build four berths over 300，000 DWT. During the trial operation period of the first project，due to the influence of the construction of the adjacent operation area，the flow field of the wharf area has changed，which is not conducive to the wharf operation. In order to improve the flow field of the existing large open wharf area，the planning layout is adjusted. The land area behind the wharf is used to play the role of diversion dike to guide the flow field，reduce the backflow intensity，and improve safety of berthing.This approach does not adversely affect the surrounding project areas and has formed a win-win situation. The experience summary of this project can be a positive reference for similar projects in the future.

Abstract:A higher requirement for higher-level green ports is set forth according to The Guidlance on the Construction of World-class Port issued by nine departments including the MOT，and the planning，development，transformation and upgrading of green port areas are imminent. Taking a developing port area in Rizhao as an example，the two main elements，i.e. ecological and environmental protection and energy saving and low carbon，are benchmarked to explore the idea of green planning and design for the port. By adjusting the port function layout，speeding up highway to railway transport and developing dry bulk container transport，the contradiction between the port and city is alleviated and integrated development of port and city is achieved. By the whole process treatment measures including pollutant emission reduction，process blocking and terminal treatment，and with the help of monitoring and effect evaluation，the pollution prevention and control are realized. Through the collection and recycling of rainwater resources，pollution control and water saving can be achieved simultaneously. The green port development is realized from multi-dimensional aspects such as the port’s functional layout，the integration level of the collection and distribution，and environmental protection measures，which can provide reference for the green development of similar port areas.

Abstract:In view of the general layout design problem of the coastal wharf with strong sediment transport rate under long-period swells，taking a supporting boat wharf project in the Benin Bay as an example，the island breakwater scheme is adopted. The rationality of the general layout design of the island breakwater is verified by using wave numerical model test and sediment scouring and silting numerical model test，so as to solve the general layout problem. A preliminary calculation of the ship’s vertical displacement is carried out based on the Japanese code，and the hydrodynamic finite element analysis method is used to compare and verify the calculation results of the code，which solves the problem of channel design water depth under the condition of long-period waves. The results show that：1）Under the conditions of long-period wave and strong sediment transport rate，the wave protection determines the layout conditions such as the harbor entrance orientation and breakwater axis. 2）The distance between the breakwater and the surf zone and the water depth of the approach channel are both the controlling factors to determine the plan position of the breakwater，which must be reasonably justified and calculated. 3）The Japanese code calculation method is more suitable for the design of channel water depth under the condition of long period waves，and it is recommended to be used in similar projects.

Abstract:Due to the limitation of temporary wharf at the entrance of harbor basin，the navigable width at the entrance does not meet the requirements of the large ships entering and leaving the harbor basin. According to the ship maneuvering simulation test results and correlation analysis，we know that the flow velocity and wind force outside the entrance of the basin have great influences on the trajectories of towing ships entering and leaving the basin. When the flow velocity outside the entrance is not more than 0.45 m/s and the wind force is not more than force 6，the ship can safely enter and leave the harbor basin. The theoretical analysis and experimental research reveal that when the calculation result of navigable width does not meet the specification requirements，the purpose of safe entry and exit of ships can be achieved by means of auxiliary operation of tugs and limiting boundary conditions such as wind，wave and flow.

Abstract:The dimensions of the breakwater and the direction of the entrance have great influences on wave height distribution，berthing stability and sediment in the harbor basin，and the reasonable arrangement of the breakwater and the entrance is the key factor for the construction of the fishing port. Based on the results of mathematical models of wave，tidal current and sediment of the engineering case，we carry out a comparative analysis and optimization design of the general layout，particularly the entrance layout of a first-grade fishing port in Hainan from angles including the shielding effect，safety of ship operation，and berthing stability，etc. to provide a guidance for the design and construction of the fishing port breakwater.

Abstract:Long-period waves have a great impact on ship operations. A new solution to the problem of berth operation efficiency affected by long-period waves is proposed. That is，through a series of methods such as multiple mathematical models and feature analysis in the ocean and port，the operation efficiency of berths affected by long-period waves is obtained. Through a series of calculations and analyses of a certain port，the average berth operation efficiency under different control standards is obtained，which verifies the rationality and operability of the method. This method is of great significance to the construction of port projects that are affected by a long period and have no measured data or a short measured data period. It also provides a reference for similar projects in the industry.

Abstract:There are usually two types of wharves for berthing tugboats：floating and fixed. Because tugboats are similar in appearance to small passenger and cargo ships，fishing boats，yachts，etc.，there were few special design requirements and research results for tugboat terminals in the past. They were mostly designed in accordance with the current standards for passenger and cargo wharf with abundant domestic and foreign research results and relatively clear design requirements，or designed with reference to similar dock specifications. However，after all，tugboats have their own characteristics and unique functions，and it is necessary to provide a dock design specifically for tugboats to dock. This article uses a domestic northern seaport fixed tugboat dock design project as a case to analyze the characteristics of tugboat ships and their berthing requirements. Drawing lessons from the design and use experience of similar piers，some problems encountered in the design of fixed tugboat piers are solved.

Abstract:During the operation of a liquid bulk cargo terminal，excessive water hammer pressure is likely to make the processing pipeline rupture and cause a fire or explosion at the terminal. This article analyzes the causes and hazards of the water hammer phenomenon in the terminal process pipeline combined with engineering examples. Using water hammer calculation formula and professional software numerical simulation，the water hammer pressure values of the terminal process pipeline under different working conditions are obtained，and then preventive measures to prevent the terminal process pipeline from being damaged by water hammer are put forward.

Abstract:With the rapid development of automated container terminals，many types of container terminal automation solutions are developed. The yard operation is the key link of the terminal handling technology system. Therefore，the yard layout，the supporting transfer mode with the horizontal transport equipment，as well as the selection and determination of specifications and quantity of operating equipment in the yard are core contents to be researched. Based on the Chancay project in Peru and successful experience of relevant cases，after comparison and selection of several schemes，and also optimization based on comparison and verification by means of simulation，an automatic container terminal yard handling technology scheme is proposed，which not only considers the specific characteristics of the project to fully meet the capacity and efficiency requirements of peak production periods and year-round operations，but also leaves rooms for further improvement of the automation operation level. Moreover，the research and analysis ideas of the project and the methods for determining the design parameters can provide reference for the design of other similar projects.

Abstract:Both the first and second phases of the Dongjiakou crude oil terminal project of Qingdao Port have been completed，with a 300，000 DWT berth and a 100，000 DWT berth as well as corresponding approach bridges and supporting facilities.According to the structural characteristics of different marine structures and the favorable conditions of moderate bedrock depth in the project area，gravity structure and high pile pier structure are adopted for the wharf and approach bridge respectively. In view of the problems of complex wave and current conditions in the open sea and poor construction support conditions，a scheme combining the open space structure and prefabricated components with the hanging basket construction of the approach bridge is adopted. The expected effect is achieved. Starting from the marine structure scheme of the two projects，this paper comprehensively analyzes and summarizes the characteristics and innovation of the two projects，to provide experience reference for the design of similar projects.

Abstract:The durability of reinforced concrete structures affects the safety and usability of the structure and hence design codes at home and abroad have made clear regulations on the durability of concrete structures. In order to analyze the similarities and differences in the concrete durability design of various countries，Chinese standards，British standards and American standards are studied in this paper to compare and analyze durability design content such as environmental exposure levels，concrete materials and structures. Combined with executed projects，the durability design of various standards is given. The analysis shows that the environment is classified into several categories based on various standards，and different durability designs are adopted based on different environmental categories，including concrete materials，concrete protective layer thickness，crack limiting measures，etc.

Abstract:The effective length of pile foundation is the main control parameter when checking the buckling capacity of pile for high pile beam jetty. The effective length calculation method of pile under ideal constraints is provided in Chinese and foreign codes，but it cannot fully reflect the actual constraints on jetty top，and the boundary type of wharf integral pile foundation analysis is not defined. We introduce the method to calculate pile effective length using buckling critical load by finite element method，which can reflect the accurate actual constraints. We propose the design idea of partial analysis and integral analysis of wharf pile，and obtain the corresponding law. The results show that for pile partial analysis，the top boundary of end pile bent 1~3 can be considered as articulated，and that of the other racks can be considered as fixed. For the integral analysis of wharf structure，the top boundary of the integral pile foundation is a smooth constraint. For the integral analysis of wharf structure，the top boundary of the overall pile foundation can be considered as smooth constraint when pile bent are all more than 2. The top transverse boundary can be considered as smooth constraint when single pile bent is with more than 2 piles. The pile arrangement，raking slope and so on are varietal in actual engineering. This method can be used for specific analysis.

Abstract:Because of the heavy weight of the gravity wharf，the foundation of undisturbed soil cannot meet the requirement of bearing capacity. In order to solve the problems such as the shortage of stone materials and the insufficient bearing capacity of the foundation for the construction of inland river wharves，and improve the utilization rate of the excavated earth resources，we combine with the design experience of the Yuejin Ditch and the Liangshan County wharf in Jining area of Shandong Province，compare and analyze the characteristics and applicability of different wharf structural schemes according to the construction features，hydrogeological conditions and operational requirements，adopt a new type of small wooden pile composite foundation scheme in the structural design for inland river wharf，and propose the new ideas for optimization and innovation from the aspects of the selection of excavation earthwork for backfill materials behind walls，the structural cross-section of wharves，the track foundation type of ship loaders，etc. to apply for project construction. At the same time，we summarize the principle and calculation method of small wooden pile composite foundation，selection of backfill parameters，construction quality control etc. The results show that adopting the gravity structure of cast-in-place concrete and the composite foundation of small wooden piles as the main structure form and foundation treatment method of the wharf，and adopting the dredging earthwork as the backfill material behind the wall can ensure the quality of the project and save the investment.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the gravity wharf built on a soft foundation has a low bearing capacity and large settlement of the foundation，we introduce the design method of DCM pile in the foundation reinforcement of gravity wharf based on the design and construction technology of the foundation treatment of the artificial island rescue wharf of a cross-sea channel in Guangdong coastal area，including the cement content and water-cement ratio of DCM pile，layout form and replacement rate，external stability checking of reinforced body，internal stability checking，circular slip，and settlement checking，etc.，and compare the calculation theories of DCM pile in Chinese code and Japanese code. The results show that the treated foundation by DCM pile has high rigidity. DCM pile treatment can effectively reduce the foundation settlement and improve the foundation bearing capacity，which is an effective way to solve the foundation bearing capacity and service period settlement of similar gravity wharf structures.

Abstract:In view of the problem that the restrictive condition“when bc＞B，then bc=B” in the current JTS 167—2018 Design Code for Wharf Structures for the formula b′c=0.5bc+y for calculating width of bending moment under offset load will lead to the larger calculation result of internal force when the plate width B is less than 0.5l0，we make a comparative analysis of the relevant provisions in the current code JTS 167—2018 and the old code JTJ 291—1998，and compare the bending moment and internal force results of slab under concentrated load calculated by the finite element software and the code formula. The results show that the restrictive conditions “when b′c＞B，then b′c=B；when b′c＜B，then b′c=0.5bc+y”for the formula b′c=0.5bc+y for calculating width of bending moment under offset load is more in line with the actual situation.

Abstract:The low pile cap pier column structure is adopted in the berthing pier structure of a ship lock. According to Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations，the internal force and displacement of pile foundation are calculated according to the calculation method of pile foundation under horizontal load considering the cooperative work of pile cap and foundation pile and the elastic resistance of soil，which is complex and has certain human deviation because of large amount of interpolation and look-up table. We establish the pile foundation，pile cap and soil model by STAAD.PRO software，convert the upper pier column structure and load to stress acting on the pile cap，analyze the internal force and displacement of the pile foundation of low pile cap pier column structure，and compare the code results with the results of engineering examples. The results show that the calculation results of STAAD.PRO are basically consistent with the code results. In the engineering practice，the software can be used to calculate the internal force and displacement of a low pile cap under horizontal load.

Abstract:After the construction of high-piled wharf，due to the influence of the pile foundation of the hydraulic structure，the hydrodynamic conditions have changed，and the sediment deposition of the lower part of the wharf surface in some areas is serious. To ensure the safety of the wharf structure，the bottom and rear of the wharf need to be maintained by dredging regularly in the later stage，which is difficult to maintain and expensive. To optimize the initial investment and later maintenance cost of the project，taking into account the interaction between the pile and the soil is considered，and the 3D solid finite element analysis method is used to analyze the impact of sedimentation around the wharf foundation piles based on an engineering example. The optimization calculation and cost analysis are carried out for different structural schemes based on the analysis results and structural force characteristics.The analysis shows that the initial investment and maintenance cost of the project are optimal when steel pipe piles are used for the shoreward raking piles with large pile top bending moment and concrete large pipe pile combination piles are used for the rest of the foundation piles.

Abstract:For the extension length of the short stiffener at the outer wall’s support of the rectangular caisson，we take a gravity caisson pier project as an example and calculate the actual stress of the caisson members using the finite element software，according to which the extension length of the short stiffener of the support is analyzed. The calculation results show that，for some cases，the length of the short stiffener extending out of the support is greater than 1/4 of the clear span of the slab. Therefore，for the extension length of the short stiffener of the rectangular caisson outer wall’s support，the minimum length specified in the code can not be simply taken. It should be determined by further calculation.

Abstract:There are more and more open-air structures in offshore deep-water ports，but the waves are generally large，and the wave action becomes the key control load in the design of open-air wharf and approach bridge structure，among which the panel uplift force is particularly critical for determining the superstructure. According to two top elevation schemes of the engineering examples，we use the standard method and Zhou Yiren’s method to calculate the uplift force of the forward wave acting panel under various water levels，compare with the test results，and analyze the applicability of different calculation methods. The results show that in the actual engineering calculation，the wave uplift force of the offshore wharf and the superstructure of the approach bridge is calculated by the standard method，and can be checked with reference to the calculation formula proposed by Zhou Yiren.

Abstract:In the wharf reconstruction project，the interface shear strength between existing concrete and new concrete is the key factor affecting the mechanical performance of the reconstructed element. However，there is no definite calculation method or requirement in the Chinese concrete design code. We combine with the example of wharf element reconstruction under the heavy load，summarize the influence factors of interfacial bonding strength，such as the concrete strength grade of existing and new concrete，reinforcement ratio of interface，interface roughness，interface agent and mixing fiber in concrete，compare the calculation methods of shear strength for the interface between existing concrete and new concrete in American code and European code，and propose the suggestions for construction details of interface treatment between existing concrete and new concrete in reconstruction project.The results show that the calculation formula in BS EN 1992-1-1 is economical and reasonable，and it is recommended to use.

Abstract:We systematically discuss the structural characteristics and applicability of the bidirectional π-shape slab commonly used in piled wharf structure in Latin America region，carry out the finite element analysis of the structural forces during the construction and the service periods，summarize the structural deformation，force distribution characteristics and influence law of different scale parameters，and propose the reinforcement measure for local weak point. The results show that compared with the conventional slab structures，the bidirectional π-shape slab makes the upper structure lighter and more integrated，and the mechanical properties are further improved. The results verify the technical reliability and rationality of the bidirectional π-shape slab.

Abstract:Combined with the first phase of the Ningbo Xiehe wharf reconstruction project，this paper introduces the reconstruction and expansion design of a wharf that was idle after completion more than 20 years ago. After rechecking and analyzing the existing structure，it is believed that the safety level of the original safety factor method（K value method）and the current limit state design method remain the same overall. Combining with the current situation of the wharf，the mooring analysis is used to optimize the length of the reconstructed and expanded quay platform and the mooring piers arrangement. The upper structure of the wharf adopts the layout form of no longitudinal beams and variable thickness plates，which solves the problems of large regional differences in the process load of the working platform and complex layout. And the environmental protection problems are solved through oil pollution collection and transformation.

Abstract:“Huge swell” is the main cause of damage to La Libertad Pier in El Salvador. We use the NOAA global reanalysis wave data to analyze the characteristics of high waves in the project sea area. The results show that there are two super high waves every year，similar to “tsunami-like” swell，which come from the South Pacific（east of Australia）and the South Ocean，propagate across the ocean along the great circle path，and reach El Salvador for about 12 to 20 days. When the high wave propagates into the shallow water area，wave directions change to S direction due to the terrain refraction effect and wave heights increase sharply due to the shallow water effect until it is broken. According to the propagation characteristics of long-period swell，the high wave warning can be carried out in advance to guide the construction and wharf operation.

Abstract:In order to understand the coincidence between the theoretical calculation and the actual situation of the high-piled wharf，the strain monitoring system is installed on the main components to measure the strain values of the wharf components under three working conditions：ship berthing，stacking on wharf surface，and quay crane operation. The monitoring results are analyzed and compared with the theoretical calculation values. The results show that：1）There are differences between the field monitoring results and the theoretical modeling results，but their trend is consistent. 2）The reinforcement scheme is effective. 3）We have a direct understanding of the actual stress condition of wharf components.

Abstract:The car dumper shed is an important transportation and transfer hub building in the bulk cargo yard，which is equipped with large dumpers，car pullers and other important equipment. The underground structure is complex with the large load.In order to analyze the key and difficult point of underground structure design of car dumper shed，we combine with the underground structure engineering of dumper in Xuzhou Shundihe operation area，use the general structural finite element method，and systematically analyze the car dumper shed from the aspects of action calculation，action combination，structure modeling，result post-processing，element design，structure anti-floating design and etc.The results show that it is feasible to analyze structure as a whole by finite element analysis software，and some parts of stress concentration need to be reasonably judged before structural design.

Abstract:In view of the difficulties in construction，weather and sea conditions，as well as construction progress and cost control during concrete pouring on water for the offshore terminal，we use small special equipment，concrete pumps，concrete pump trucks and multi-functional boats to realize a series of water and land combination of water concrete pouring process，and transfer part of the concrete pouring from traditional water boat operation to land operation in a 300，000-ton crude oil terminal project to improve the construction efficiency，reduce construction difficulties，save construction costs，and meanwhile ensure construction safety and project quality.

Abstract:Port engineering is characterized by a large number of electrical equipment，large power consumption，large-scale power supply facilities and complex systems. In overseas projects，if traditional civil substations are used，the installation of electrical equipment is restricted by the progress of civil construction，and the installation and commissioning cycle of equipment on site is long，which is detrimental to the overall construction progress. This paper compares the construction period，quality assurance，floor space，and investment of E-House and concrete substations，and concludes that“the E-House program is more advantageous in overseas port construction”. The electrical design，structural design，dust-proof and anti-corrosion measures of E-House are expounded，which can provide reference for the design of similar projects.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of the development trend of intelligent ships and management mode of ships’ entry and exit of port，we propose the construction conception for the corresponding ship-shore interaction system，i.e. port shore-based auxiliary system. The needs of shore-based construction is put forward according to the characteristics of intelligent ships. The information sharing mode is proposed considering the management mode of port，maritime affairs，pilotage，etc. The needs of auxiliary berthing construction is put forward for the berthing and departure operations. The supervision requirements for the ship-shore interaction is presented for the operation mode of intelligent ships. Based on the existing infrastructure of the port，we adopt the communication network and perception network，add part of the sensors，information data processing system and cloud platform to build a shore-based system for intelligent ships entry and exit operations. This idea is of great significance for improving the efficiency of port operation and enhancing the throughput capacity of the navigation channel.

Abstract:Aiming at the phenomenon that canal revetment is often damaged，through studying the action and failure mechanism of ship waves on canal slope，the wave absorbing capacity of different types of ecological slope protection is analyzed，and the key technologies of slope protection with multi-function coordination in the canal channel are developed. The design principles and ideas of the ecological slope protection of the navigation channel are summarized，and it is proposed that the ecological slope protection structure should be provided with porous structures as much as possible to provide growth space for organisms. The selection of slope protection structure should consider the requirements of water bank interaction and ecology comprehensively. In the waterway with a high traffic density of ships，the navigation of ships will have a significant impact on aquatic organisms. If conditions permit，a separate area should be opened up for aquatic organisms to inhabit.

Abstract:At present，single-point tidal level data are often used in the calculation of riding tidal level in channel design，which is better for the design of nearshore engineering and short channel. However，it is difficult to meet the urgent needs of safety and economy for deep-water long channel by single-point tide riding. The application of multi-point tide riding can greatly improve the accuracy of tide riding water level in channel design. It can ensure navigation safety of the channel and also can give consideration to the engineering economy. The problem of multi-point tide riding is studied by combining with engineering examples. The results show that by establishing the tide regression equation between multi-point tide stations and using the data of inshore stations to calculate to each section of the channel，the single-point tide riding can be converted into multi-point tide riding to solve the problem of the scarcity of multi-point tide level data. When conditions permit，it is suggested to carry out multi-point tide level temporary observation，and adopt tide level expansion method to make up for the lack of short-term data length and accuracy；when conditions are insufficient，it is suggested to calculate the tide level by means of numerical simulation，and verify the model with the measured data.

Abstract:The classification of waterway grade is a problem that needs to be paid attention to and solved before construction. Conventional projects mainly consider the current situation and trend of water transport development in hinterland，and the classification of conventional projects is determined by superior planning. However，the newly developed canal is usually lacking in planning basis and theoretical analysis. Considering that the canal and natural rivers have obvious different characteristics，we analyze the influence of channel，navigation structure and river-crossing bridges on navigation by guarantee rate method based on the navigable conditions of connecting water system. We accord to the analysis of transportation organization mode and economic variable draft transportation，technical economy，development trend of large-scale ship，transport accessibility，and obtain the classification of canal，which can provide reference for the development of the canal channel project . The results show that the classification of the Pinglu Canal should be I-class and be navigable for 5，000-ton ships.

Abstract:In consideration of the limited construction area and thick soft silty soil，three structural schemes，i.e.，double-row interlocking piles with cement mixing piles，cantilever sheet pile with cement mixing piles，buttress structure with bored piles，are compared from the structure safety，construction difficulty，construction period，surrounding projects coordination and economic efficiency. The results show that the double-row pile structure is the best due to its adaptability to the limited construction site and thick soft silty soil，and thus may provide reference for similar river regulation projects.

Abstract:The maximum design head of the second line ship lock of the Wan’an project is 32.5 m. In view of the shape of the back corridor of the valve in the water conveyance system of the high head lock，two schemes of gradual expansion at the top + flat bottom and sudden expansion at the top + sudden expansion at the bottom are compared and studied. The hydraulic model test and the unsteady flow atmospheric pressure test of valve corridor are used to compare and select the hydraulic characteristics，flow state and uniformity of flow，and the influence of pressure characteristics of sluice chamber. The results show that the top sudden expansion + bottom sudden expansion corridor is better than the top gradual expansion+flat bottom corridor in shortening water delivery time，improving the flow pattern of main gallery and inlet，reducing the pressure fluctuation，and cavitation of lower maintenance gate slot.

Abstract:As a new type of energy dissipation and beach protection structure，the active hook structure is used for the first time in the first phase of deepwater channel project of the Yangtze River.The structure has a significant effect on promoting sedimentation and anti-scouring. Through the field investigation and sampling and laboratory detection and analysis，the multi-elements of water ecology and water environment around the active hook structure are detected and analyzed. The results show that the active hook structure can improve the habitat of aquatic organisms and biodiversity，and has a good ecological environment effect. The structure has innovative significance for ecological restoration of waterway regulation projects.

Abstract:The Jingle Canal in Jingyuan County of Gansu Province is diverted from the south bank of the Yellow River in Lujiazui of Wulan Town with an actual irrigation area of 33.53 km2，with a history of more than 500 years. The Yellow River has a large amount of sediment carried by water，causing serious siltation in the downstream river course and inverted siphon. Aiming at this problem，we plan to move the original water intake up to 3 km，and divert water into the city after sand settles. Through the establishment of a sedimentation basin mathematical model，we combine with the various factors such as water flow，sediment content，and sediment particle gradation，research the sedimentation efficiency，annual sedimentation thickness and flow field distribution of the sedimentation basin，and compare and analyze two types of entrance sedimentation basin schemes. The results show that it is feasible for the calculation of the MIKE21 sediment transport model. The sedimentation effect of the narrow entrance of the sedimentation basin is better than that of the square entrance，flow field distribution is better，and the entrance door is not easy for blockage.

Abstract:The ship lock bulkhead gate is used for the maintenance of the working gate and lock chamber. Considering the general layout，the capacity of hoist and the reduction of civil engineering costs，weight of bulkhead gate becomes a key factor in the design of the ship lock metal structure. Due to the use of section steel，the weight of the truss-type bulkhead gate is much lower than that of the solid-web bulkhead gate of the same size. Truss-type bulkhead gates have been used in many ship locks of the Xinjiang River，the Ganjiang River and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. For high-head ship locks in mountainous rivers，there is an overlap in the application of truss-type and solid-web bulkhead gates. The finite element software is used to calculate the stress and deformation of the truss-type bulkhead gate under different water heads. Thus，the ultimate load that the truss-type bulkhead gate can withstand under a certain scale is verified，and the recommended water head range for the truss-type bulkhead gate is given.

Abstract:Aiming at the field of non-member mass concrete structure design，we take the side pier wall of compound lock chamber of the second lock for Honghua water control project in Liujiang as an example，compare and analyze the traditional hand calculation method and finite element method about internal force and reinforcement calculation. The results show that the finite element stress integral method is suitable for calculating the bending moment of the traditional member structure. As a mass concrete structure of non-member system，the side pier wall of lock chamber has a large section height and a large proportion of the compression area，and the neutral axis is inclined to the tension area. The bending moment calculated by stress integral method is too large. The traditional hand calculation method and the finite element stress integral method are used to calculate the internal force，and the reinforcement requires a large number of tensile reinforcements and is not economical when calculating by the compression bearing capacity of the normal section of the eccentric compression member with rectangular section. The tensile stress of concrete in the tension area analyzed by the finite element elastic stress graph method is completely borne by the tensile reinforcement. According to the reinforcement calculation principle of non-member system reinforced concrete structure，the actual amount of tensile reinforcement is reasonable and economical.

Abstract:Based on fully absorbs the achievements of the existing channel information engineering construction，combined with intelligent hardware，Beidou and other technologies，the port facilities in the “third-level waterway changed to second-level waterway”information project of the Jining section in the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are designed at the level of perception，transmission，application，etc，and a smart port and shipping management and service system for Jining section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal with “full perception，extensive interconnection，deep integration，and intelligent application”is built.The service system can effectively promote the transformation of waterway management from traditional manual management to digital service mode，and explore the realization of automation，collaboration and refinement of port and shipping business，such as channel maintenance，water traffic safety supervision，ship lock management and dispatching，water traffic law enforcement，and water transportation administration to Improve regulatory efficiency and service quality.

Abstract:In view of the increasingly fierce competition between ports for goods sources and users，the more intense homogenization competition，and the customer-centered service demand，we carry out a study on the coal terminal production operation system based on customer experience driven. By using the business digital portrait of customers journey in the port，we establish the production management and control system architecture based on the users’ demand and real-time industrial big data，the production planning and scheduling prediction based on users’ demand，and the real-time job perception，operation and tracking of customer service. Through the practical application in the port，the relationship between the port and customers is reconstructed，and the customer interaction mode and frequency are changed，so as to return to the road of “creating value for customers” and improve customer loyalty. It plays an important role in improving the production and management level of China’s coal terminals，enhancing regional comprehensive competitiveness and serving the export-oriented economy.

Abstract:In view of the problems existing in the current solutions of the stacker-reclaimer unmanned control system，this paper proposes a stacker-relcaimer unmanned control system based on 3D active laser scanning technology. The 3D active laser scanning technology can be independent of the movement of the stacker-reclaimer and actively perceive the surrounding operation environment. The three-dimensional material pile model is generated and updated based on the data collected by the laser scanning system before and during operation. The control decision algorithm system generates the related operation strategy based on the shape analysis of the three-dimensional model，and completes the automatic unmanned control of the stacker-reclaimer. Meanwhile，a human-machine friendly visual interactive system is constructed，which has been successfully applied to the coal stockyard of a large coal port，and achieved remarkable technological and economic benefits through effectively reducing the labor costs，improving the operators’ working environment，improving the equipment operation safety and reliability，improving the working efficiency and utilization rate of the stockyard.

Abstract:Since 2017，the throughput of the coal port area of the Huanghua Port has continuously exceeded 200 million tons，and the trend of large-scale ships is obvious，which leads to a long waiting time for ship，and the throughput capacity of the channel cannot meet the development requirements of the port. Therefore，it is urgent to widen the current 50，000 DWT channel. In order to reasonably determine the channel widening scheme，we establish a port and channel system model covering anchorage，channel，harbor basin and berths by using the system simulation technology，and carry out simulation research on the multiple channel widening schemes combined with realistic data of port production. The results show that each channel widening scheme can meet the development requirements of port throughput. With the increase of channel widening mileage，average departure time of coal vessels and average empty berthing time of a single ship at the coal terminal show a decreasing trend，the berth utilization rate of the coal wharf and the throughput capacity of the port and channel system are gradually improved. Based on the simulation results，the channel widening scheme 1 is recommended by comprehensively comparing the factors such as investment，channel cross flow and later maintenance cost.

Abstract:A new wave of information revolution is promoting the transformation and upgrading of port construction to intelligence. Aiming at the difficulties of high construction quality requirements，low communication efficiency in multilingual environment，and serious interference disturb in cross-operation areas of overseas automated container terminal project，based on an practical project，we carry out the integrated application research of BIM technology in the project design and construction stage under EPC mode，and excavate the application advantages of BIM technology in the aspects of intuition，coordination，optimization and information completeness. The results show that BIM technology can provide technical support for high-quality construction of overseas automated container terminal projects，and has important application value in improving project quality，improving communication efficiency and accumulating digital assets.

Abstract:In order to analyze the influence of container slot assignment strategy of container terminal with automated yard on terminal operation，we apply the computer simulation method combined with the actual projects to study. We summarize the common slot assignment strategies from related research and operating project，establish the system simulation models of container terminals in Peru and Greece based on Flexterm simulation platform，simulate the processes of automated yard and ship-to-shore operating under different slot assignment strategies，and collect the ratios of efficiency and states of main equipment after simulation tests. The results show that there are no specific patterns for the influence of slot assignment strategy on terminal operation，and the slot assignment strategy should be carefully chose according to the actual condition of research program and research target.

Abstract:Aiming at the great challenges of the stockyard layout and coal grade distribution management of the coal export terminal，caused by the variety of coal types and stack positions，the complex stockyard operation and coal blending process，We take the first phase project of Huanghua Port as an example，carry out optimization research on the throughput capacity of coal stockyard. Under the condition of the original process plan，we analyze actual operation data，optimization process selection，the stock position size and the coal type adjustment，and use the computer simulation method to calculate each scheme and obtain the optimal scheme of the stockyard throughput capacity. The results show that when the traditional loading and unloading process scheme design and technology implementation difficulties，using simulation method for integrating operation management and strategy to the scheme design can provide theoretical reference and data support for coal export terminal stockyard layout，and also lay the foundation for wisdom of the coal terminal upgrade.

Abstract:The resumption project of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal to the north of the Yellow River，involves Shandong，Hebei，Tianjin and Beijing，with a length of 800 km and a construction period of 5~10 a. In the process of project research，there are complicated data，planning scheme changes and personnel changes of all parties involved in the construction，etc.，so it is difficult for traditional design and management software to achieve the integration of multi-source data and the effective use of data at various stages. The paper introduces a method and its application scenarios to solve the above problems based on 3D GIS technology. The planning and design software platform of inland waterway project integrates model data，image data，vector data，attribute data and design files to realize management integration of geographic big data in planning and design stage，realizes the rapid query and statistical analysis of information，data sharing，etc. This paper expounds the technologies in the process of platform construction and functions that designers pay attention to in the planning stage to provide reference methods and thoughts for the application of GIS technology in the water transportation industry.

Abstract:The ship lock project is always large in volume and complex in structure. Traditional two-dimensional reinforcement technology has the shortcomings，such as low reinforcement efficiency，poor reinforcement quality and poor adaptability to engineering changes，we study the three-dimensional reinforcement technology based on BIM，and realize the automatic reinforcement of structure，reinforcement number measurement and drawing generation in three-dimensional space combining with the Jinjiaqiao ship lock project of Xiaoqinghe River re-navigation project. The results show that the three-dimensional reinforcement technology based on BIM has the advantages of high degree of visualization，information management and data-driven of reinforcement when the technology is applied in ship lock project.

Abstract:In view of issues such as the numerous parties involved in the design and construction of underground pipeline，the difficulty of coordination，the tedious project management control，and frequent design changes，BIM technology can accurately and intuitively display the whole view of the pipeline network，and help contractor respond to change requirement timely so as to review the quantity rapidly，track construction progress and quality in real-time，improve the efficiency of technical disclosure and completion acceptance. In this paper，the underground pipeline project of Posorja Multi-Purpose Terminal in Ecuador is introduced for elaborating the BIM technology application in design and construction，fully demonstrating the intuitiveness，intelligence，efficiency，and synergy.

Abstract:Aiming at the problems of many electrical professional systems in assembly engineering project，high requirements for construction refinement，and easy exposure of design defects of prefabricated units and construction，BIM modeling and research in electrical engineering is conducted. A set of informationized and refined BIM modeling methods for hierarchical management of electrical systems is adopted，and effective explorations have been made in improving professional collaborative design of modeling and improving the life cycle of assembly-type industrialization.The engineering practice shows that the set of BIM-based modeling system is more suitable for the prefabricated electrical design and can guide construction and prefabricated component production.

Abstract:Most overseas projects are carried out according to European standards and America standards. The European and American sandy soil liquefaction evaluation methods are quite different from Chinese standard and are more complex，which are not yet accepted widely and applied correctly by most domestic surveying technicians. This paper interpretes the Code for Seismic Design of Water Transport Engineering，the BS EN 1998-5：2004，Eurocode 8，and the America Seed method on the sand liquefaction evaluation. A comparative analysis of the three discrimination methods combined with engineering cases reveals the differences with the winning bid，and systematically displays the full picture of European and American discrimination standards，including its principles，discrimination conditions，discrimination procedures，and related characteristics. On this basis，in view of the defects and problems existing in the European and American discriminant method，the evaluation methods have been simplified under the premise of conforming to the standard and error permissible，making them easier to use the European and American standards to discriminate liquefaction.

Abstract:For constructing the cast-in-place batter pile on batholith under the offshore construction conditions of without cover and isolated pier，several technology difficulties exist，such as mud counterfort and bottom sediment reducing pile bearing capacity，soak softening of hole wall lowering the soil strength，hard to ensure quality of long concrete core column，difficult to drill hole on batholith and long hole forming period. In terms of these construction difficulties，we carry out research on reducing the depth of pile into rock and improving the bearing capacity of pile foundation. We apply the post-grouting measure after the cast-in-place pile construction，compact sinking slag and batholith fissure，and test the post-grouting pile foundation. The results show that the post-grouting measure increases pile bearing capacity，reduces the depth of pile into rock，guarantees concrete core quality and decreases the construction period.

Abstract:Along with the continuous development of the economy and society，the national requirements for environmental protection are becoming increasingly strict. The excavation replacement and filling scheme is traditionally used to deal with deep soft soil foundation in port engineering，which has a great influence on the surrounding environment. Compared with the traditional scheme，the composite foundation of rotary jet grouting pile has less disturbance to undisturbed soil，weaker influence on surrounding water quality，less sea area occupied during construction，and less influence on the navigation of surrounding ships. However，at present，the composite foundation of rotary jet grouting pile is seldom used in the new vertical hydraulic structure，especially in the breakwater structure，and the block full jet foundation is mostly used. This paper introduces the application of the composite foundation of rotary jet grouting pile in the vertical breakwater of the Dalian Zhangzi Island，analyzes the structural characteristics and bearing capacity of the composite foundation of rotary jet grouting pile，so as to provide reference for the application of the composite foundation of rotary jet grouted pile in port engineering.

Abstract:To carry out the construction of cast-in-place pile foundation under the geological condition of large rock backfill of the approach dike，we adopt the construction technology of slurry wall punching cast-in-place pile. In the course of drilling，some construction measures are taken，such as increasing the diameter of the hole to rectify the deviation，increasing the thickness of the casing to prevent the extrusion of the hole，increasing the length of the casing and filling the hole with concrete to stop up the leakage，increasing the diameter of the hammer and weight of the punching hammer to penetrate the boulder，etc. ，by which the quality of hole-forming is guaranteed，and the experience of hole-forming construction of cast-in-place pile under special geological conditions is accumulated，serving as reference of similar projects.