Abstract:Ship lift is one of the two navigation structures of the Three Gorges project，which mainly provides fast passage for ships. While ships entering and leaving the ship chamber，the longitudinal overturn moment caused by the change of the fluctuation of the water surface will be undertaken by the docking and locking system. If the change exceeds the load limitation of the docking and locking system，it may threat the docking safety of the ship chamber. A physical model scaled 1∶12 of TGP ship lift chamber and navigation channel is established. Through hydraulic model experiment of 3 500 t bulk cargo ships entering and leaving the chamber，the relationships among ship draught，ship speed，water surface fluctuation and the force on the docking and locking system are analyzed. In order to protect the docking and locking system，it is suggested that the maxium draught of 3 500 t bulk cargo ship is no more than 2.70 m when its speed of passing through ship chamber is 0.5 m/s.

Abstract:Based on the requirement of operation characteristics，the control valves of hydro-driven ship lift are designed as“one main and two auxiliary”combined valves，so multiple valves discharge water into the same finite cavity at the same time. In order to minimize the impact of multiple turbulent jets on the valve segment，how to distribute the flow of three valves is an urgent problem to solve. Based on the Jinghong hydro-driven ship lift and the valve section of the water filling system，a 3D numerical model is established to study the flow field characteristics of valve section under different operating modes of combined valves and discuss the relationship between combined valve operation mode and the flow field uniformity. The research results show that ：1）When the main valve and the auxiliary valve run alone or the main valve runs in combination with one auxiliary valve，there are obvious drift and vortex low pressure area in the valve section. 2）Under the rectifying and stabilizing pressure of sudden expansion，these adverse hydraulic phenomena will not endanger the operation safety of ship lift，but considering the rationality and efficiency of operation，these extreme working conditions should be avoided as far as possible. 3）Based on the analysis of flow field uniformity，it can be seen that three-valve joint operation is the best combined valves operation mode.

Abstract:The new driving mode of hydraulic power is instead of electric power in the hydraulic ship lift，which is a milestone in the field of navigation of high dam. In order to ensure the safe operation of the hydraulic ship lift，the risk assessment is carried out for its water conveyance system. In this paper，a theoretical system of operation risk assessment method for water conveyance system of hydraulic ship lift is established. The operation principle of the water conveyance system is analyzed，and the risk characteristics of the water level not equivalence phenomenon in the shafts are expounded. Based on the cloud model theory，an early warning index of the water level not equivalence phenomenon in the shafts is established. By taking the Jinghong hydraulic ship lift as an example，the threshold of the risk index of water level not equivalence phenomenon in the shafts of water conveyance system in the 100-meters level of hydraulic ship lift is predicted. The results show that this method can effectively control the risk of the shafts water level not equivalence phenomenon，and can be applied to the risk early warning of hydraulic ship lift，and can be used to provide decision-making for the running risk prevention of hydraulic ship lift.

Abstract:Improving the outflow uniformity of long-culvert filling and emptying system for hydro-floating ship lift can reduce the ship chamber’s inclination，thus it is the basis of safe operation of hydro-floating ship lift. Through theoretical derivation，main influential factors of outflow uniformity are determined. Based on the two dimensional mathematical model，we simulate the outflow process during ship-lift’s operation，define the standard deviation of branch flux in particular moment as the characteristic index to measure the outflow’s uniformity. The response mechanism between outflow uniformity and related factors is derived and sensitivity analysis is conducted.

Abstract:We establish a compatible three-dimensional tidal flow model in radial sand ridge area based on the unstructured grid finite volume coastal ocean model（FVCOM）. In order to make it better fit the complex irregular coastline boundary，we adopt triangle mesh in the horizontal direction，and apply the σ-coordinate in the vertical to simulate. The results show the simulated values are consistent with the observed values，and the model is better to simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of the tidal flow in radial sand ridge. The whole current field is dominated by north and south tides，and they converge and diverge towards Jianggang. The velocity of deep groove is large and concentrated，and the flow direction is consistent with the trend of deep groove. The direction of surface and bottom residual current in the north of Jianggang is coastal current from south to north. The coastal residual current in the south sea area is counterclockwise rotating current，and the residual current near the deep groove mostly directs to the deep groove.

Abstract:In the moving bed model test，there may still be some abnormal development of particles of light matirial waves on the basis of meeting the similarity conditions，which affects the resistance similarity and the state of flow and sediment movement. In order to find an effective way to control the abnormal development of particles of light matirial waves，the change of particles of light matirial waves shape under different flow conditions，different particle sizes and different density is analyzed by means of flume test and control variable method. The results show that：under the condition of flow（Fr=0.10~0.32，U/Uc=0.8~2.5），the relationship between U/Uc and the shape of particles of light matirial waves can be expressed more comprehensively by using U/Uc；increasing the size and density of particles of light matirial in a reasonable range can reduce the relative wave height and the ratio of wave length to particle size；based on the Mr.zhan’s formula，the fitting formula of particles of light matirial waves can be established under the condition of this test between Δ/h and U/Uc .

Abstract:Based on the physical model test of closed and rectangular flume with pressure，we carry out the scour test of undisturbed soil of silt in the channel of the Yangtze River estuary to analyze the starting and scour characteristics of undisturbed soil and the influence of the depth of soil sample on the scour effect of soil sample.The results show that the density of soil sample almost keeps constant before and after scouring，and because of a smaller proportion of sand in the eroded soil，the soil density after scouring performs slightly smaller. Besides，the critical incipient shear stress increases with the increasing critical incipient velocity，the two can satisfy the exponential relation with each other，and the fitting of function is excellent. When the depth of soil increases，both scour rate and scour coefficient decrease which illustrate the uneven distribution of bottom silt along the depth of the Yangtze River estuary channel，the deeper silt has a larger scouring resistance while surface silt has the more unstable the particle composition and is more easily to be eroded.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that calculating the crack width after the high-strength reinforcement is used in the concrete flexural member of port and waterway engineering，we analyze the crack width calculation formulas of various professional concrete specifications in China，and obtain that the crack width calculation results are the largest in the port and waterway engineering specification. Although we use high-strength reinforcement in the design，the amount of reinforcement is basically the same，which limits its strength and is not conducive to the promotion. According to similar statistical formulas of other researchers，we propose a crack width correction formula suitable for port and waterway engineering，and verify it by comparison.The results show that the formula in this paper is in good agreement with other formulas and can be used for references in the revision of the specification.

Abstract:The majority of the overseas port construction projects are located at areas with swells，but the response of the breakwaters under swell action is not fully known. Overtopping is a key consideration in the design of the rubble-mound breakwater，which is directly related to the safety and performance of the structure. In this paper，based on one actual breakwater construction project of one port，the 2D and 3D physical model tests are performed to study the overtopping of the rubble-mound breakwater under swell action，and the test results are compared with the calculation results. The results show that:1）The overtopping rate results of the rubble-mound breakwater in the 2D and 3D model tests both increase with the increase of the wave period，while the calculation results of the overtopping by Chinese codes decrease with the increase of wave period.2）The calculation results of the overtopping by EurOtop formula have no relationship with the wave period，and the calculation results of the overtopping by ANN (Artificial Neural Network) method decrease with the increase of wave period. 3）In general， the calculation results by ANN method are in better agreement with the physical model test results than the Chinese codes and EurOtop formula.

Abstract:Taking the dredged sand of the Yangtze River waterway regulation as the main raw material to prepare mortar，the dredged sand and various industrial wastes can be used in large quantities to effectively alleviate the shortage and exhaustion of natural sand and gravel materials. Taking the dredged sand from the Yangtze River regulation with fineness modulus of 0.10 or so and silt content about 25% as the raw materials，we study the preparation of green mortar characterized by quick molding，high strength，and excellent resistance to water erosion. With the cement-sand ratio of 1∶2，water-binder ratio 0.6，and fly ash replacement quantity 30%，the 28-day compressive strength and splitting tensile strength reaches 30.1 MPa and 3.6 MPa respectively；compared with the benchmark concrete C30，the cost of single dredged sand cement-based material is reduced obviously，which not only has good ecological and economic benefits，but also provides an effective way for the resource utilization of channel regulation and dredged sand.

Abstract:We establish a three-dimensional tidal current mathematical model，verify the model by the measured tidal level and stratified velocity and flow direction data，carry out simulation study on the tidal current distribution of the east and north breakwater extension scheme of Dagukou Port area of Tianjin Port. The results show that the velocity distribution of the surface layer near the port area is basically the same as that of the 0.6h water depth，the velocity of the bottom layer is obviously smaller，and the velocity direction of each layer is relatively consistent. Under the condition of port entrance current layout，the velocity and cross flow near the gate are relatively large. After the implementation of the extension project of the breakwater in the east and north of the entrance，the flow pattern near the entrance channel is obviously improved，and the cross flow velocity is also obviously reduced. Considering the improvement of flow conditions，the extension scheme is suitable.

Abstract:In this investigation，aiming at the problem of low-frequency wave inducing harbor oscillations，the effects of the variation of the spectral peak frequency （fp1） and significant wave height （Hs1） of low-frequency spectral on the resonance within the harbor are systematically investigated by a physical model experiment. The experimental results show that：1）The closer fp1 is to the first resonance frequency of the harbor，the stronger the low-frequency wave response is. The first resonance frequency of the harbor can be accurately identified by fp1 amplification factor curve. Simultaneously，the variation of Hs1 mainly affects the wave response of the first resonance mode. 2）Based on the squared-wavelet-based bicoherence spectra，it is found that the closer fp1 is to the first resonance frequency of the harbor or the larger Hs1 is，the stronger the nonlinear wave interaction is. The study results will play a good role in guiding the construction of the sea harbor where the swell and wind waves coexist for a long time.

Abstract:Aiming at the design of a liquefied natural gas（LNG） high-pile wharf structure on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea，in order to gain the vibration amplitude，vibration frequency and cyclic numbers of the tie-in point of LNG pipeline on the structure under seismic excitation to provide the necessary data for the design of LNG pipeline，we carry out the non-linear time history analysis for the structure. Based on the widely-recognized code，we discuss the specific process of non-linear time-history analysis，such as defining the level of seismic resistance，obtaining the seismic excitation curve and matching the target spectrum，simulating the nonlinear material behavior and soil-structure interaction and setting the plastic hinge. The results show that the displacement of the tie-in point of LNG pipeline under seismic condition can satisfy the requirements of operating basis earthquake and safe shutdown earthquake.

Abstract:Chinese construction enterprises have undertaken many wharf projects along “the Belt and Road” countries in recent years. However，the lack of in-depth understanding of foreign codes brings great trouble for the construction. Taking the construction code for wharf structures of China and the execution code for displacement piles of Europe as an example，we compare the differences between the two codes. The main conclusions are as follows：1）there are more principles in European code，while there are more detailed quantitative indicators in Chinese code；2）many contents in the Chinese specification shall be considered by the designer in the European specification；3）the European code has systematic rules on piling monitoring，testing and recording，while the Chinese code only highlights records. It is beneficial to Chinese construction enterprises to carry out foreign wharf projects.

Abstract:Port construction will cause a certain impact on the marine environment，which will change the hydrodynamic conditions of the surrounding waters，and also have an impact on the water environment.The plane two-dimensional numerical model MIKE21FM is used to predict the impact of port construction on the hydrodynamic environment.By adding a two-dimensional unsteady convection diffusion module，the prediction of suspended solids diffusion is carried out.The material transport equation is used to predict the wastewater discharge，and the concentration field of typical pollutants is simulated by the difference numerical simulation method to analyze the impact of wastewater discharge on water quality. Under the cover of cofferdams，the fluctuating tidal current velocity in the port area is greatly reduced，and the velocity in each port basin is less than 0.25 m/s. The influence of reclamation dredging is mainly concentrated in the range of 300 m around the dredging operation point，and the maximum diffusion range of various pollutants discharged by waste water is controlled within 400m.The conclusion can provide reference and basis for the planning，design and construction of port area.

Abstract:The deepwater breakwater for a refinery & chemical integration supporting crude oil terminal project locates at waters with complicated natural conditions. So，we recalculate the design wave elements by numerical simulation. Because the original design wave elements’ values are small，the breakwater was damaged by typhoon in the process of construction. According to the new design wave elements and newly implemented codes，we improve the design standard of the breakwater and optimize its design scheme. The physical model tests verifies that it is feasible to adopt the super-large accropode and the new-type double-layer accropode armor structure，which may serve as reference for similar engineering design.

Abstract:In view of the problem that there is no reference basis for the selection of safe distance in the site selection planning and no reference method for the calculation of limited time and limited storage in the design of fireworks container yard，we propose an operable technical route，apply a method to modify the theoretical model with experimental data due to the problem that the accident consequence and risk assessment model need to be used repeatedly in the technical route，improve modeling efficiency and calculation reliability，and verify the model by examples.The results show that the technical route and research method are reasonable and feasible，which can quickly obtain the planning，site selection and design stacking scheme of fireworks container yard.

Abstract:In recent years，due to the continuous replacement of various national regulations，there are many controversial points in the electrical design of the petrochemical wharves. In view of these problems，in the new fire prevention regulations for petrochemical wharves to be implemented，relevant clauses in the old regulations are revised to be more professional. This paper studies the new regulations and combines the clauses of the regulations are closely with the engineering practices. Through the analysis and discussion over the division of the explosion-proof areas，the anti-static and stray current grounding and shore power design，etc.，this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of explosion-proof area division，proposes the anti-static and stray current grounding method meeting the new fire protection regulations，and puts forward some views and suggestions on the application of the shore-to-ship power supply design of the petrochemical wharves.

Abstract:Aiming at effect of berm on the top level of rubble mound breakwater，based on the breakwater project of a new port，the paper analyzes and compares the empirical formula calculation results about mean wave overtopping and top level，and also makes a comparison between the empirical formula calculation results and physical section model test results. The results of empirical formula show that mean wave overtopping of breakwater with berm could be reduced effectively when the top level is same，and the results of empirical formula and physical section model test study shows that the top level of rubble mound breakwater with a berm can be significantly reduced.

Abstract:The main flow in the downstream of the narrow and deep channel with sharp turn is inclined to the downstream of concave bank，and approach channel is arranged on the same side of the existing downstream junction，which makes some problems that the upstream approach channel occupies a large flow area and the velocity index exceeds the standard seriously. We study the layout and navigable flow conditions of the upper approach channel of second ship lock at the downstream junction of the sharp turn of a narrow and deep channel by the fixed river bed model and ship model tests. The results show that due to the influence of the sharp turn at the upstream junction of the narrow and deep river and the partition wall of the long approach channel occupying the thalweg，the navigation flow conditions in the entrance area of the approach channel on the lock in the design scheme are poor，which cannot satisfy the requirements of the safe navigation of ships. Based on the original design scheme，the optimization scheme sets a single downstream submarine dike，optimizes the excavation scope and type of the right bank，changes the length and sets holes of the separation wall，improves the navigable flow conditions of the entrance area considering the flood discharge capacity and power generation of junction，and achieves safe navigation of ships and normal operation of the hydro-junction.

Abstract:Since the trial operation of the 12.5 m deep water channel below Nanjing of the Yangtze River，the maintenance and dredging volume of the Fubei channel is large，and the contradiction between the channel maintenance and dredging and navigation is prominent. Meanwhile，the Fuzhong channel is in the trend of scouring development，which has the basis for further widening. Aiming at the problem that whether the plan of broadening the Fuzhong channel to 420 m satisfies the safe intersection of representative ship types，we carry out the ship maneuvering simulation test to analyze the safe distance and track width of the ship intersection under different working conditions. The research results show that the 420 m navigation width scheme of Fuzhong channel can satisfy the two-way navigation of 150，000 DWT and below under the condition of spring tides in the flood season and dry season.

Abstract:In order to systematically analyze the overall safety risk of the the 6-meter-deep waterway regulation project of the Yangtze River main section from Wuhan to Anqing，guide the risk prevention and control of the project and the safety management and control of the project，the index system method is adopted to analyzes the main factors affecting the construction safety risk of the Wu’an section project，establishes the evaluation index system，and draws the conclusion that the overall risk of the project is a greater risk. The assessment conclusions can be used as a basis for improving the construction organization design of the regulation works of the Wu’an section，as well as the decision support for project organization and implementation，the input of safety management force，allocation of resource，selection of construction unit and engineering insurance.

Abstract:To solve the problem of poor durability of the alternate timber pile and bamboo fence structure，we propose a new structure of alternate timber pile and mulberry straw arch combining with the Lianshen channel regulation project. The good mechanical performance of the arch structure well solves the problem of fragility and stress imbalance of the bamboo fence structure，and soaking with tung oil and copper azole prevents corrosion of the mulberry straw. The easy method of making straw arch presented realizes mass production and cuts down the cost. which is standardized and possible for mass production and it greatly decreases cost. The construction of the test section verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of this new revetment structure：comparing with the continuous timber pile structure，it saves the timber pile consumption greatly；comparing with the alternate timber pile and bamboo fence structure，it improves the structure’s durability remarkably. Moreover，the straw resources can be partially utilized. So，this structure is economical and thus has a broad application prospect.

Abstract:The minimum channel maintenance depth of the adjacent channel above Xialinjiangping of the middle Yangtze River is 4.5 m，while that below Chenglingji is 4.2 m （trial operation）. But the minimum channel maintenance water depth between Xialinjiangping and Chenglingji is less than 4.0 m，showing a typical”deep at both ends and shallow in the middle“pattern，which makes it difficult to fully load the ship during medium and long distance transportation. In order to improve the quality of waterway services，and meet the shipping requirements of ports，shipping units，and factories along the River in Yichang and Zhicheng，we carry out a comprehensive analysis of the water level，flow，channel characteristics and channel scale check，and propose the feasilbility of improving the channel maintenance dimension of Xialinjiangping to Chenerkou in the middle Yangtze River to 4.5 m×150 m.

Abstract:In order to explore the high-precision remote sensing monitoring technology of hydrology，topography and ecology of the Yangtze River Estuary in a large range，high frequency and anti severe sea conditions，the satellite earth simultaneous measurement test is carried out by using Gaofen-5 satellite，and the hyperspectral big data needed for modeling is obtained. The hyperspectral image inversion model of water parameters such as sediment concentration are established by using function fitting and other data modeling methods，which shows the output effect of the inversion model for sediment concentration. Finally，the further research direction is pointed out.

Abstract:Based on automatic identification system（AIS）big data，this paper analyzes the AIS original message，separates the keywords，and matches other ship data sources after data cleaning and filtering to further identify the ship type and divides by tonnage. Applying big data to the prediction of ship flow，this paper tracks the ship’s trajectory，summarizes the ship’s navigation law and operation，combines historical data with the development of the macro situation to comprehensively forecast the volume of waterway freight，predicts the ship flow in multi-branch channel by allocation model，and takes the south passage channel of the Yangtze Estuary as an example to predict the ship flow. The results show that AIS big data can be used to analyze the complicated and changeable ship routes，so as to accurately predict the ship flow in the multi-branch channel.

Abstract:In view that the currentmanagement and control mode of coal ports in China is decentralized，there is no systematic and centralized management and analysis of the big data about the port operation，production related industry，and upstream & downstream of the port industry chain，and there is no three-dimensional visual control of total elements，we present a system architecture of port operation and control，which can collect all the data of the port and full chain of upstream and downstream of the energy industry，and generate visualized data including the historical data and predictive data，based on which，we can realize total elements management and dispatching of the human and material resources，and assist implementation of whole-chain comprehensive and intuitive management and control of the port.

Abstract:During the construction of cast-in-place rock socketed pile in hydraulic wharf，it is necessary to set up a drilling platform. At present，computer information technology is widely used in the field of civil engineering，however，the use of software to analyze the stability of structures is not iniform and there are many types. In order to solve this problem，the software of structure checking is studied. Midas Civil is used to calculate the structure of the drilling platform，analyze the stress condition of the drilling platform in detail，deduce its stability theoretically，and get the functional requirements under different working conditions. It has been proved that Midas Civil has obvious advantages in structural model analysis and combination checking calculation，and the characteristic results meet the use requirements.

Abstract:A deepwater breakwater is a sloping structure with water depth of 18～30 m and soft soil layers of more than 30 m thick. The foundation is partially excavated and replaced，and the original soft soils of more than 10m are retained in the foundation，resulting in a large settlement of the foundation. In order to accurately predict the foundation settlement after construction and reserve the settlement to meet the design requirements of the breakwater’s top elevation，we study the settlement deformation and stability of deep soft soil foundation of deepwater breakwater by numerical method. Under the prerequisite that the numerical model is verified trustworthy by a lot of measured data obtained from underwater foundation monitoring during construction ，we simulate the whole process of excavation，dump filling and long-term settlement of the breakwater，and obtain the final settlement，construction period settlement and post-construction settlement of each typical section，which could be used as reference for reserved post-construction settlement of the breakwater top and breakwater maintenance in the later period. Meanwhile，the model is also used to further check the safety and stability of the breakwater foundation.

Abstract:In marine engineering，steel pipe pile is the most widely used pile type，and the calculation of the uplift bearing capacity of steel pipe pile is an important content for pile foundation design. The API RP 2A-WSD code and European code EN 1997-1 are the main references for the design of pile capacity in foreign engineering. In this paper，the similarities and differences between these codes，the technical code for building pile foundation and the design codes for wharf structure are systematically described，and the uplift bearing capacity of steel pipe pile is calculated combined with practical engineering. Compared with the calculation results of various methods，it is found that：1） In the stratum dominated by cohesive soil，the deviation between the calculated pile side resistance value and the measured value in the technical code for building pile foundation is the smallest.2） In the stratum dominated by cohesive soil and sandy soil，the calculated results by the technical code for building pile foundations and API code have the smallest deviation from the measured result. 3） The design value of uplift bearing capacity calculated by EN code is the smallest. 4） The shaft resistance values of soft rock can be obtained from the technical code for building pile foundations or the method described by Michael Tomlinson.

Abstract:Due to the durability of steel structure，there are few design cases of inserted steel cylinder structures in China. Based on the third runway reclamation project of Hong Kong Airport，we propose a design scheme of using the inserted steel cylinder as the temporary enclosure structure for land on the deep soft ground，apply the two-dimensional calculation theory of OCDI for the structural design，and use the software of PLAXIS 3D to recheck the structural displacement and overall stability. The results show that the OCDI two-dimensional theory for structural design is safe，but the displacement calculation results are seriously small. The achievement can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of the construction benefit of short-slung distance for cutter suction dredger，this paper takes the dredging project of west basin of Lyusi Port in Qidong，Jiangsu as an example，studies the cutter suction dredger’s construction technology of the single-pump without necking and the double-pump construction with necking under the condition of short-slung distance，matches the head provided by the mud pump with the resistance of the pipeline by theoretical calculation，contrasts the main construction parameters of the single pump and double pump construction，such as the traverse speed，flow speed and concentration，and compares the productivity and production benefit of single pump and double pump construction. The results show that compared with single pump construction，the profit of double pump construction of Tianji ship can increase about 226，800 yuan/month，and the productivity of double pump construction can increase 22%.

Abstract:Inclined hole forming of isolated pier pile has always been a construction difficulty problem in the open sea. This paper analyzes the construction difficulties and reasons of inclined rock-socketed piles concrete core such as drilling deviation，hole collapse and inefficiency during drilling construction in hard rock.Targeted measures are taken：selecting air lift reverse circulation rotary drilling machine and cone bit，assembleing the guide device in the middle of drill pipe，using sea water slurry supporting，reasonably adjusting the drilling pressure and drilling speed and other parameters，which successfully overcome the aforementioned difficulties. Thus the technology of rock socketed hole forming of offshore inclined pile is formed to provide reference for similar projects.

Abstract:Based on the Phase VI Sediment-Promoting Enclosure Project of Hengsha East Beach-Land Reclamation Project and aiming at the problems of the expanding area of dredger filling construction area and poor soil quality，we study the methods of construction management and quality control of large-area dredger filling engineering. By means of benchmarking control，reserved settlement，erecting pipe diaphragm and other methods，the elevation of dredger filling is strictly controlled and the construction cost is reduced under the prerequisite of satisfying the engineering requirements. The research result provides a technical support for the following-up Seventh and Eighth Hengsha East Beach-Land Reclamation project，and may serve as reference for the construction management and quality control of other comprehensive land-reclamation projects with larger enclosure area.