Abstract:The management interface of DBB mode is numerous and the coordination is complex.When it is applied to overseas China-invested projects,the owner’s domestic management team will not adapt due to the significantly increased difficulty.The mode is not conducive to the comprehensive advantages of designers either.To avoid the disadvantages mentioned above,the new project management mode named “design and management integration with Chinese-foreign cooperation” and its organization are put forward,and it is concluded from the successful application of it in Abudhabi Khalifa Port container terminal phase Ⅱ that the new mode can give full play to the comprehensive advantages and enthusiasm of the designer in professional knowledge,communication skills and management. It can improve the coordination efficiency with governments,make all parties involved more closely,reduce internal consumption,and is very beneficial to the management of quality,progress and cost,and it is worthy of applying in similar projects.

Abstract:The selection of structural deformation control,foundation bearing capacity,construction process and other factors is often the key to newly-built revetments in backfill engineering of deep soft soil foundation.Taking the expansion project of Macao International Airport as an example,in view of airport’s special construction conditions,such as deep soft soil,complex environmental conditions,and time limit and height restriction,we carry out this research on the core technologies about revetment structure selection,structural calculation and construction process selection.Then we propose several structural schemes,for example,high-rise pile caps with front sheet pile and offside pile foundation,which can solve the problems of revetment deformation control,foundation bearing capacity and construction difficulties in the situations like deep soft soil,complex environment or complicated construction conditions.The paper can provide reference for similar projects.

Abstract:While “the Belt & Road” initiative develops,the Chinese design institutes participate more and more in the master planning work of foreign green field port projects.As no published guidance to explain the methodology and principles of master planning work in this area till now,we introduce the content and implementation process of the master planning work for the foreign green field port project based on the work practice in Djibouti and Indonesia.The principles concluded are as follows:following the natural terrain and protection of natural environment;balance of dredging and backfill;flexible development and focusing on the exploitativeness of initiative phase;intensive arrangement according to the requirement and clear phasing plan;guarantee of self-survival for each phase while considering the comprehensive economic benefit of whole project.These conclusions of project practice will provide reference for the future master planning work for foreign green field port projects.

Abstract:Excavation in water area is located at the junction of land and water or directly in the water area,which suffers the impact of wave and tide,so the design method of excavation in water area is different from that of excavation in land.Based on the excavation of water intake of a project in Macao,the paper studies the deformation and internal force of the enclosure wall by using elastic foundation beam theory and numerical simulation when the excavation suffers hydrodynamic load and no hydrodynamic load respectively,and analyzes the sensibility on the rigidity of the enclosure wall and the parameter of pit bottom reinforcement.The results show that using enclosure wall of high rigidity in the water side and pit bottom reinforcement can reduce the deformation and enhance stability of the excavation obviously.The research can provide design ideas and methods for similar projects.

Abstract:As the main hoisting equipment of full container yard,rail foundation of rail-mounted gantry crane (RMG) is sensitive to settlement and differential settlement of the foundation.At present,in China,the standard method is mainly used to calculate and analyze the foundation settlement based on the exploration and indoor geotechnical test data.Cone penetration test (CPT) can reflect the in-situ physical and mechanical properties of soil,and has the advantages of fast test speed and high economic benefits,so it is widely used in the evaluation of ground improvement abroad.On the basis of cone penetration test data of hydraulic fill sand ground of container terminal project in Middle East,the internationally recognized Schmertmann method is adopted to analyze settlement and differential settlement of rail foundation.The calculation results of the engineering examples show that the analysis results of the settlement calculation method of the track foundation based on CPT data meet the international design standards of the rail foundation,and the research results can provide a reference for similar overseas project design.

Abstract:This paper compares the ECMWF find-grid 10 m wind speed reanalysis data with the OWI reanalysis data received from a port project in west Kalimantan,Indonesia.The result of comparison between the ECMWF find-grid 10 m reanalysis product and the OWI has shown that the range is in a comparable level but the extreme values behave dissimilarly.The ECMWF data is in accordance with the real seasonal variations.The ECMWF wind field in the West Kalimantan Sea is analyzed,which provides a general judgment for the future survey and design works.

Abstract:The analysis of the development prospect of gateway ports for the hinterland of landlocked countries in Africa is unique to some extent.We need to consider multiple essential factors such as location condition,geopolitics,political stability,competition situation,distribution of transportation demand of the landlocked countries,etc.,and it is different from the general research on competition and development prospect of ports in China.This article elaborates the research thinking of prospects of the gateway ports for the hinterland of landlocked countries in Africa,combs the essential factors involved,and analyzes the development prospect of some certain gateway ports with relevant case,which may serve as reference for similar consulting projects and the study of investment opportunities in relevant overseas ports in the future.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of the over-limit of the length deformation of the UTM projection coordinates in the application of overseas project,we discuss the definition of UTM coordinates and its difference with common Gaussian coordinates in China,make a profound study on the principle,mathematical model and quantitative analysis of the deformation of the UTM coordinate projection,propose two methods of effectively eliminating the projection and deformation of the UTM coordinates,and verify them by several overseas engineering examples.The results show that these methods can effectively eliminate the length deformation,satisfy the requirements of survey specification and the needs of overseas construction.

Abstract:Combining two-year project management practices of construction of Abu Dhabi Khalifa Port Container Terminal Phase II Project,which is an important “the Belt and Road” project between China and the United Arab Emirates (UAE),and seizing the opportunity of working with the internationally famous consultant JACOBS for providing high-level consulting & project management services for the project,we study the project quality management methods from three aspects including pre-construction control,in-process management and post-construction summary,so as to provide reference for the domestic engineers to attend the overseas project management.The study mainly focuses on the overseas project quality management method which are obviously different from those in China.By the analysis and comparison method,we summarize the good material quality management method MAR and construction quality management method WIR which emphasizes the process control & record,and plan to introduce them to the domestic project quality management work in China later to help improve the domestic project quality management level.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of the low drilling efficiency in pebble stratum,we take three aspects of drilling tool,core-taking and borehole wall protection based on geotechnical investigation of Lae Port project in Papua New Guinea,compare the results of drilling tests using different drilling tool,core-taking methods and borehole wall protection,analyze the reasons affecting the drilling efficiency,and optimize the method.The results show that the main reason affecting the drilling efficiency of the sandy pebble stratum is the secondary problems such as stuck drilling and water leakage caused by the special structure of the pebble stratum.With the plant glue mud and corresponding drilling tool can effectively reduce the occurrence of secondary problems and improve drilling efficiency.

Abstract:In view of the influence of the change of water level on seepage and slope stability in the flood process,taking the dike project in Kauswagan Power Plant as an example,we carry out coupling simulation of seepage and stability of slope of the east dike in flood process by using the finite element analysis software GeoStudio,based on reasonable assumption of flood process data.According to the static seepage analysis of the model,we verify and select the dike filling materials,and get to know dike stability changes in the flood process,which may serve as reference for similar dike engineering design.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that it is quite different for the design of architecture lightning protection systems among Mexican NOM standard and Chinese standard GB 50057 and American standard NFPA780,we analyze the lightning risk assessment,annual threat of occurrence,the maximum annual threat which can be withstood by buildings,external lightning protection system,air terminal,down conductors,grounding system by comparing Mexican,Chinese and American standards based on a container terminal project in Mexico,and obtain the main differences among the three standards and the design steps of lightning protection system.The results show that it is required by NOM to decide whether need to set up an external lightning protection system based on comparing the annual threat of occurrence with the specified allowable frequency of threats,and the classification method provided by the Chinese standard is easy to implement with consideration of risk weight,and the lightning risk assessment required by American standard is more complex.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the uneven settlement and deformation of soft soil foundation cause the poor adaptability of belt conveyor and trestle structure,we study the integration of belt conveyor and trestle structure,compare various structural sections and truss forms,and optimize to achieve the lightest weight and excellent adaptability of foundation settlement.The results show that the trestle with no vertical web member and no top lateral bracing is the lightest trestle structure,which can adapt to the settlement of foundation by combining with the inverted herringbone pillar and mechanical structure.The achievement can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:In order to test the foundation treatment effect of shallow soil in Macao eastern filling area,we study the characteristics,design report and key construction techniques of the foundation soil layer before and after sand filling,and analyze and compare the relevant data of the results of monitor and detection.The results show that the mechanical strength of the soft clay and filling sand is significantly improved after the foundation treatment,and the settlement after construction is controlled effectively,so as to the effect of the foundation treatment is significant.The long-term monitor result is helpful to make a more accurate prediction of the final settlement.The estimated value of foundation settlement is closer to the target value by selecting a reasonable settlement empirical coefficient ms,so that it can guide the foundation treatment of similar projects in the region.

Abstract:As an emerging technology,satellite difference positioning technology has all the characteristics of GPS.It can work on a single unit without setting up a base station on land.Its base station is the Inmarsat.MarineSTAR for example,cover a wide range.This article combines an overseas project,aiming at the problem that it is not appropriate to use conventional methods to set up a base station for survey in the measurement area,and the principle and method of satellite difference positioning technology are studied.By comparing the known points and random inspection with conventional measurement methods,it is showed that the satellite difference positioning technology can be applied to large-scale bathymetric survey.Because there is no need to set up a base station,the work efficiency of the technology is greatly improved.

Abstract:Under the complex hydrodynamic environment in the open sea area of the Bengal bay,the plane layout of FSRU and LNG ships parallel operation was adopted.The movement,mooring force and impact force of the ship under the combined action of wind,wave and current were calculated.The allowable working wave height under different wave action angles and different periods was calculated.The berthing stability conditions of alongside-banking model and double-side banking model in this sea area were given.The results show that：1） The six degrees of freedom motion,mooring force and impact force of FSRU and LNG ship increase with the increase of wave height and wave period.2)Under the influence of long-period wave,the allowable berthing wave height of FSRU and LNG ship is significantly reduced,and the surge motion is easier to exceed the standard.The unloading of LNG ship is beneficial to the berthing stability.The double-side banking of FUSR and LNG ship can more effectively resist the wave impact.

Abstract:The ship to ship LNG berth has high requirements for mooring stability.At present,there is no quantitative analysis method for mooring stability analysis of ship to ship moored berth when affected by ship wave.Combining with the engineering case,we apply Flory-Remery method of calculating single ship wave load produced by passing ship,modify the Flory-Remery method according to the characteristic of ship to ship berth,and analyze dynamic effect on moored ships’mooring stability when affected by passing ship quantitative.The results show that under the condition of typical moor,spring line’s load and ships’ surge of ship to ship moored berth are most affected by ship wave.The mooring stability cannot satisfy the requirement when the distance between moored ships and passing ship is 50 m,and it can satisfy the requirement when the distance is 100 m.When the distance between moored ships and passing ship is 150 m,the mooring stability of ship to ship berth is largely unaffected by ship wave.

Abstract:Based on the Khalifa Port Container Terminal (Phase II) project,we research the container terminal’s operation efficiency of the 3E container ship,and propose 4 modes for the mooring line arrangement.According to the mooring simulation analysis,we obtain the optimal line arrangement mode L3.The wind speed under the survival and operational conditions are obtained as 13.8 m/s and 10.1 m/s respectively.

Abstract:In the design process of Djibouti LNG plant site,due to the lack of available hydrological data and the late start and short duration of field observation activities (only one year),it is unable to meet the demand of calculation of design wave elements in multi-year return period,which brings great difficulties to the follow-up work.Driven by the CCMP wind data,based on the wave action balance equation,a large-scale wave mathematical model of the Indian Ocean,a nested mid-range model of the Gulf of Aden and a small-scale model of the project area are established.On the basis of the field measurement data,the model is verified and compared with the Jason satellite orbit data in the same period,and the model verification results are good.On this basis,the hourly wave process from 1988 to 2017 is calculated,and the annual extreme wave sequence at deep water is constructed.The P-III type distribution function is applied to estimate the wave extreme values in the project deep area at different return period,which is combined with different hydraulic conditions to calculate the design wave parameters in the project area.

Abstract:ABU Dhabi Khalifa Port Container Terminal Phase II is an important node project of “One Belt and One Road”.According to the requirements of the construction of automated container terminal,the paper studies the selection of automated mode and the general layout & handling process.By comparing the automation level,traffic organization,yard capacity,personnel investment,construction period,project investment and other aspects,the automated terminal mode (ARMG & tractor trailer) with yard paralleled to jetty apron is selected.The yard capacity can be expanded by intensive arrangement of auxiliary facilities and back-to-back arrangement of single cantilever ARMG.The reliable,advanced,expansible technology of the project shorten construction period and reduce project investment.

Abstract:With the implementation of “the Belt and Road” initiative in China,large coal power plants usually need to be equipped with coal unloading jetty to satisfy the coal transportation in the plant area.For the structural design of a coal unloading jetty located at the mouth of Manila Bay,we consider the severe typhoon monsoon wave conditions and frequent earthquakes in the project area,combine the provisions of Chinese code and the local Philippine code on the design of steel rebar,concrete and structures into account under the premise of security and reliability of the structure,determine the jetty structure,pile foundation and seismic parameters suitable for the project,and summarize the key points of jetty design in the earthquake prone area like Philippines with frequent typhoons.The results show that the high-pile beam slab jetty structure has good adaptability to wind and waves.The second floor mooring platform ensures the safe berthing of the vessel.All vertical bored pile satisfies the load-bearing capacity and the seismic requirements of the structure.

Abstract:Based on the construction of 5#and 6#general berths in Vietnamese Yong’an Port,we compare high pile beam slab structure,gravity caisson structure and sheet pile structure to determine the optimal wharf structural scheme according to the characteristics of poor wave conditions and complex geological conditions,further study the feasibility of pile sinking in the project area,and carry out structural calculation by the software Plaxis.The results show that it is recommended to adopt the front wall interval rock socketed steel pipe pile and steel tie rod anchored wall plate pile wharf structure.This structure scheme is safety,and the internal force and displacement can be controlled.

Abstract:Aiming at the water area layout of the large bulk cargo jetty in complex water area,based on the coal unloading jetty of coal-fired emergency power station in Qasim Port,we put forward preliminary general layout according to the in-depth analysis of the main influence factors,such as the surrounding built projects,mangroves and hydrodynamic condition etc,optimize the layout and relevant dimensions by the ship handling simulation test,and reasonably determine the water area layout of the proposed jetty.The results show that the construction of the project has little impact on the surrounding area,the scale of the water area can satisfy the requirements of ship navigation,berthing and unberthing in it.The layout of water area is reasonable.

Abstract:The type of multi buoy moorings (MBM) is commonly used in offshore mooring of tanker.We summarize basic design issues related to MBM design,including applicable standards,general layout,wave loads,mooring analysis.Based on comparative study of domestic and international standards and simulation of a real project with OPTIMOOR software,we give typical layouts of MBM,methods of vessel loads calculation and mooring analysis.The results show that using OPTIMOOR as dynamic simulation analysis software and frequency domain analysis can effectively design and optimize the MBM design.

Abstract:In view of Luna 2×300 MW supercritical power plant project in Philippines,we study the structural design of pile-supported wharf under strong earthquake and huge wave.The structural schemes of integral and separated pile- supported wharf are compared,and the sensitivity of pile layout including bent spacing,pile diameter and pile inclination is studied.The conclusion is that the integral pile-supported wharf with larger bent spacing,larger diameter pile with larger inclination is more superior.

Abstract:Based on Vietnam Duyen Hai Sea Port project,the design method of scale of some water areas for the project whose water depth cannot meet the requirements is described.In addition to the decision based on the national standards and the designers’experience,the feasibility,safety and economy of the ship’s maneuvering in the port can be guaranteed by verifying and optimizing the design scheme through the ship maneuvering simulation test.Meanwhile,the limitations of model test are analyzed,which reminds the designer to reduce the deviation between the simulation and reality during the procedures of test model establishing and ship maneuvering and etc.so as to increase test accuracy and reliability.The method recommended herein may serve as reference for the layout of the similar project.

Abstract:In order to assess construction scale of the new port of Kikori in Papua New Guinea,a comprehensive forecasting method was proposed,consisting of four parts:regression analysis model,gravity model for hinterland container transportation demand,multi-objective fuzzy port evaluation model and port selection model based on Logit model.The container transportation demand in hinterland of Kikori Port in Papua New Guinea was forecasted.The traffic volume of containers generated from hinterland provinces at different ports was measured so that the container throughput of Kikori Port could be forecasted reasonably,which could provide support for assessing the necessity of the new Kikori Port.This method can forecast container throughput at a new port scientifically and objectively on basis of less fundamental data.It is suitable for throughput forecast in extremely underdeveloped country or region,where is short of statistical data and difficult to conduct survey due to security issues.The forecast method can assist with construction and consulting projects of overseas ports.

Abstract:In view of the problem that the height difference between the shipping terminal and the user terminal is too large to select the appropriate ship type for the whole transportation of the ship unloader and roll-on,we select the combination of barges and semi-submersibles to complete the roll-off of the ship unloader with the stacking ship scheme,determine the ship unloader transportation and roll-off ship type,site construction methods and process points rationally,and carry out the finite element analysis of passing bridge.The results show that the stress and deflection of the bridge can satisfy the requirements.The stacking ship scheme achieves the marine transportation of the whole ship unloader and the standardization and safety of the ship unloader roll-on process.

Abstract:The automation development of global container terminal is becoming increasingly apparent,therefore,it is essential to include refrigerated container into the terminal automation management system.This article studies the methods of monitoring and control on the refrigerated container. Using CAN bus to build a network of terminal equipment and controllers,we can realize 7×24 h monitoring towards temperature,working status and power consumption of the refrigerated container. Besides,this article gives a solution of a reefer container monitoring and control system based on CAN bus and fiber-optic cable network combined with reference of an overseas container terminal,which aims to achieve real-time supervision,reduce manual costs and improve the efficiency of automated management of the container terminal

Abstract:Hunchun City is the eastern starting point of “the Belt and Road”and the only corridor for “borrowing the port and going to the sea”in Jilin Province. Shore Route No.2 is Changchun-Jilin-Hunchun-Zarubino Port.It connects Jilin Province to the Russian Primorye Territory seaport,and makes it come true that the northeast cargoes transport to the south outbound without going abroad. Since the Hunchun-Zarubino route is still in its infancy,the conditions for collecting & distributing are still immature comparing with the Bohai Bay ports route.This paper firstly determines the scope of the economic hinterland Hunchun through the freight rate comparison between Hunchun and Yingkou,and then determines relevant cargo types according to the hinterland enterprises.While ensuring the completion of the cooperation tasks between Zhejiang and Jilin Provinces,it also guarantees the economic rationality of the project.

Abstract:In order to meet the development needs of local power,Vietnam plans to expand the coal-fired power plant and builds a new coal terminal and coal conveying system. In view of the design scheme for the drainage system of the new coal terminal provided by the foreign party,we carry out a comprehensive analysis from the technical and economic point of view,and point out the shortcomings of the drainage system designed by the foreign party. Combining with the common practice of the drainage system of the coal terminal in China,and based on the comparative analysis,we optimize the drainage system designed to meet the environmental protection requirements of “zero discharge” of rainwater and flushing wastewater in the terminal area.

Abstract:Port safe production guarantees basically normal operation of the port enterprise,and the video surveillance system plays a vital role for the port security.With the development of information and network technology,the video surveillance system based on network has been widely used to provide intelligent security assurance.Combining with a container wharf project in Abu Dhabi,UAE,we expound the design scheme for the port video surveillance system based on the MCC standard,analyze the advantage of the network video surveillance system,and compare the requirements of MCC standard with the Chinese GB standard,so as to provide reference for companies to contract similar projects in UAE.

Abstract:Since 2000,the EU,the US and other developed countries started trying the application of cold ironing system in various types of ports,and even the combination with hybrid ships. China applied the cold ironing system for the first time in 2009. As one of the measures to prevent the air pollution in cities which was included in the “12th five-year plan”,the cold ironing system becomes an important part of building a green and smart port. This article compares the technological application and development of the cold ironing technology in China and abroad in the past 20 years,summarizes the composition and configuration of the cold ironing system,and gives a prediction to the development orientation of the cold ironing technology based on a comprehensive analysis.

Abstract:In order to verify the rationality of the process system of Khalifa Port container terminal phase II,four aspects including the overall terminal capacity,horizontal transportation capacity,container area ultimate handling capacity and gate capacity of the projection design scheme are simulated by using eM-Plant simulation software of object-oriented modeling. Simulation results show that the layout of each link of the process system is basically reasonable.Meanwhile,operation suggestions are given in terms of equipment scheduling and traffic management,which may serve as guidance for the operator to carry out targeted production management and realize efficient operation of the handling system in the terminal.

Abstract:With the maturity of the three major container shipping routes in the world and the innovation of ocean shipping technology,Port Louis,which was once a resupply point for the Eurasian route around the Cape of Good Hope,faces opportunities and challenges in the new international container shipping structure.This article studies the orientation of Port Louis’s container business development under the current situation,analyzes the impact of changes in internal and external situations on Port Louis’s container business,and judges the competitiveness of Port Louis’s container business and the possibility of the construction of a future international container hub port.The analysis shows that Port Louis has the conditions to develop into a regional intertwined transit hub port,but its current development bottlenecks are mainly focused on the restrictions on offshore operating conditions,domestic companies’monopoly operation of container terminals,etc.Suggestions for follow-up development are given.This study has reference value for accurately grasping the prospects of the African container shipping market and expanding port projects in new regions.

Abstract:Elastic foundation beams have the advantages of high construction speed,high economic benefits and large structural rigidity,thus they are the preferred proposal for ARMG foundation of automated container yards.Based on an overseas automated container yard project upon sandy subgrade,this paper uses finite element software to build ARMG foundation models with different segment lengths,and analyzes the sensitivity of elastic foundation beams to segment length,differential settlement of subgrade,and temperature.The results show that the bending moment and joint shear force of the elastic foundation beam under ARMG wheel pressure increase with the increase of the segment length.After the segment length exceeds 10 m,the bending moment and joint shear force of beam tend to stabilize.When differential settlement of subgrade occurs,the larger the segment length is,the stronger the adaptability of the ARMG foundation to differential settlement is.After the segment length exceeds 10 m,the bending moment and joint shear force of beam tend to stabilize.The temperature has a small effect on the internal force of beam.The bending moment caused by temperature increases with the increase of the segment length.When the segment length is larger than 25 m,the bending moment caused by temperature tends to stabilize.

Abstract:Gravity quay is a kind of conventional quay structure,and its design methods vary from country to country in the world.In this paper,according to Chinese port engineering codes and European (British) standards,we made a comprehensive comparative analysis of theoretical basis of design,calculation parameter,loading combination,the stability checking calculation of stability against sliding and overturning,and bearing capacity checking calculation of foundation for gravity quay structure design.Combined with the calculation example,we compare quantitatively the difference of calculation method,and put forward some aspects that should be paid attention to when using European standard to design gravityquay.The results show that the calculation method of the European (British) standard is generally more strict,especially when the checking method of soil strength partial factor is taken into account for the design method.

Abstract:LNG terminals have high seismic requirements,so seismic analysis is an important issue for LNG terminals with high pile-supported structures.In this paper,according to international standards,the modal response spectrum analysis is adopted,and the finite element software is used to analyze the seismic dynamic response of high pile-supported structures with different pile foundation layout types.The results show that different types of pile foundation layout have a greater impact on the stiffness of the structure itself,which changes the natural vibration period of the structure and allows the structure to bear different seismic loads.Batter piles have a better effect on controlling horizontal displacement under earthquakes,but the pile forces are too large;for pile-supported pier structures with multiple rows and columns,the pile foundation should be arranged symmetrically,meanwhile the side and the inner piles can adopt different slopes to improve the force condition of pile foundation.

Abstract:With the increase of overseas projects,there are often problems in how to select geotechnical seismic parameters.Some national seismic zoning maps or research data are insufficient,and the Chinese standard seismic system is quite different from overseas countries,and the selection of parameters will affect the cost of the whole project.There are a lot of researches on seismic parameters of geotechnical engineering,but there are few systematic summary researchs,especially on how to apply them to specific projects,with few engineering examples and weak practicability.Combined with an overseas geotechnical investigation project,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the differences between foreign standards and Chinese standards in seismic parameters as well as the precautions in selection,and puts forward the process of parameter selection.Some engineering cases are analyzed to provide guidance for the selection of seismic parameters of overseas projects.

Abstract:The rubble mound dyke’s crown wall is critical to reduce danger of wave overtopping,and the calculated results of wave forces by several Chinese and foreign codes vary greatly.Based on several wave force calculation method of rubble mound dyke’s crown wall from Chinese and foreign codes,combined with the engineering cases and the experimental data,the comparative study is carried out.The results show that：1）Under certain conditions,the distribution height of horizontal wave impact pressure calculated by Chinese codes of port is far less than that calculated by Jensen method and Pedersen method,and the results of the latter two methods are consistent with the measured height. 2）The horizontal wave force and uplift force calculated by Jensen method and Pedersen method are larger than those calculated by domestic harbor engineering method,and also larger than the measured value. 3）The total horizontal wave force calculated by Chinese codes of port is smaller than the measured value,and the calculated total uplift wave force is close to the measured value. 4）Jensen method takes into account the height of armor berm,and Pedersen method takes into account the height and width of armor berm.The two methods are relatively comprehensive,but the wave force with 0.1% exceedance probability is calculated according to the deepwater wavelength,and the calculation results are more conservative. 5）It is suggested that the important project should adopt the physical model experiment results.

Abstract:Natural slope and engineering embankments are common in many oversea projects (such as breakwater,revetment and channel etc.),and prominent deformation is usually found in strong seismic condition.Aiming at this problem,Chinese and international technical standards propose pseudo-static method,Newmark method and time-history method.According to different methods and judgement criteria,based on the analysis conclusion of slope stability and displacement of a backfill land area project in overseas,we apply the sliding arc stability analysis,empirical formula of earthquake displacement and time history displacement analysis to carry out the comprehensive analysis and demonstration of the scheme.The results show that the judgement criterias of design methods in Chinese and international standards are slightly different,but all of them can better rely on the actual situation and conform to the overall safety reserve.

Abstract:Limit moisture content is used as the basic physical index to name and classify the state of cohesive soil,and the test methods and evaluation standards are explained in the Chinese,American,and British geotechnical codes.In order to better satisfy the needs of overseas project design,we analyze the differences in the test methods of the limit moisture content in Chinese,American and British codes,use the methods commonly used in the codes to conduct tests,and carry out a comparative analysis of the test results combining the engineering experience of representative projects.The results show that there is a certain correlation among the liquid limit measured by Chinese,American and British codes,and the difference of liquid limit between British and Chinese codes ranges from 0.5% to 3.0%.The difference of plastic limit between American and Chinese codes is generally less than 2.0%.

Abstract:In view of the problem that currently the bearing capacity of pile foundation calculated by different national codes for overseas terminal projects has certain differences,we carry out a comparative analysis of the values of soil layer parameters and safety factors for Chinese,American,European and New Zealand codes,and obtain the stratum conditions and value recommendations applicable to the calculation of pile foundation bearing capacity in each code.Taking a pier in Lae Port of Papua New Guinea as an example,we compare the calculation results of the axial compressive bearing capacity of a single pile calculated by Chinese and foreign codes.The results show that when the beating counts of standard penetration test of the sand layer are few,and the pile-side resistance calculated by the European code is more conservative.In the sand layer,the pile-end resistance calculated by the New Zealand code is the safest.

Abstract:In view of the lack of data and instability of the elevation benchmarks of overseas water transportation projects,we propose to adopt GPS static precision single point positioning technology (PPP) to unify the elevation of the first phase control points under the ITRF framework.And then obtain the monthly average sea level of the proposed project under the ITRF framework,which can be used as the elevation datum of overseas water transportation projects in the pre-research stage.Finally,the reliability and traceability of the proposed method for establishing elevation control networks in overseas remote areas are verified through the practical application of the New Kikori Port in PNG to provide reference for similar overseas water transportation projects.

Abstract:Based on a project in Abu Dhabi,this paper calculates the vertical bearing capacity of bored piles by adopting Eurocode 7 and Chinese code respectively,analyzes the calculation results,compares the differences between two codes,and seeks for the reasonable optimization value of pile length.The design of the vertical bearing capacity of bored piles in soft rock geology is verified by pile foundation test results.The research results can provide reference for the design of bored piles foundation under similar geological conditions.

Abstract:Combing with a coal-fired power plant in Bangladesh Jetty Port project,relevant National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards and Chinese fire protection codes are compared and analyzed in terms of fire protection system and the system’s parameters. The fire protection system is designed respectively based on NFPA and Chinese fire protection codes,and the hydraulic calculations are also provided. The results show that NFPA standards are stricter than Chinese codes in terms of fire protection facilities,fire design flow and system pressure. The research results can provide reference for the fire protection design of the overseas power plant’s coal jetty.

Abstract:Considering differences between the determination methods of foundation bearing capacity in overseas geotechnical engineering investigation and that in China,this paper studies the similarities and differences of the determination methods of foundation bearing capacity in domestic and foreign countries.Based on Khalifa Port Container Terminal Phase Two,Abu Dhabi,the analytical formula method and standard penetration test method are used for comparative analysis.It is concluded that the standard penetration test method should be used to calculate and determine the bearing capacity of the foundation in the sand foundation of overseas projects,which provides guidance for the determination of the bearing capacity of the foundation in the geotechnical engineering investigation at home and abroad.

Abstract:Aiming at the great discrepancy of the joint design for cement concrete slab in port area in China and abroad,we compare the similarities and differences of joint types,spacing and load transfer mechanism between Chinese and American codes,analyze the effects of temperature,subgrade stiffness and loads on the joint through investigation and finite element calculation,and propose the method combining the limitation of the ratio of slab length and radius of relative stiffness and the analysis of tension stress to determine the joint spacing.The results show that there should be less or no expansion joints in the cement concrete slab,and all joints should be provided with dowel bars to transfer load better.

Abstract:The design for water and power supply structure is an important part of the design of port engineering.Based on the finite element method,we compare the calculation methods of three specifications in the structural design of conventional structures of port engineering according to Chinese GB 50010—2010,American ACI 318 M-2014 and British BS 8110-1:1997,obtain the differences and similarities of the calculation of flexural strength,shear strength,eccentric compression strength,crack width and the checking calculation for bearing capacity of foundation in the three specifications,and illustrate the specific steps and differences in the calculation according to different specifications by typical engineer examples.The results show that the volume steel content of water and power supply structure in port engineering calculated by American specification or British specification is larger than that of Chinese specification.