Abstract:the Yangtze River estuary is located in the open sea area,so the waves vary with the seasons and the wave conditions are extremely complex.The design wave elements in the engineering water area are related to the flood control safety of seawall,and have an important influence on the comprehensive regulation project of the Yangtze River estuary.In this study,empirical formulas and mathematical models are used to calculate the waves in the Yangtze River estuary.It can be seen from the research results that the average wave height calculated by the two methods is close,the wave period calculated by the mathematical model is more in line with wave propagation and deformation law,and the wave period calculated by the empirical formula is conservative and more safer for engineering.The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared and analyzed.It is suggested that mathematical model should be used to calculate wave elements in the Yangtze River estuary and empirical formula should be used to check them.If necessary,combined with the measured wave data and physical model,the accuracy of the calculation results can be improved,so as to provide reliable design wave elements for comprehensive regulation project in the Yangtze River estuary.

Abstract:Based on the OpenFOAM platform,we apply the k-ε turbulence model to solve the Navier-Stokes equation,use the VOF method to track the free liquid surface,establish a three-dimensional numerical water tank model to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the rippled bed under the action of waves.The results show that the vortex in the wave period originates from the backwater slope of rippled bed and gradually rises above the crest,and then moves upstream.After going up to the maximum distance,it moves to the downstream movement under the influence of the next wave period until it is completely dissipated.The bed shear stress is concentrated in the rippled crest and back water slope,and the shear stress fluctuation frequency of upstream slope is more severe,indicating that there may be small-scale vortex,and the shedding and spreading of small vortex promote the development of large scale vortex on backwater slope.When the wave height changes,the overall trend of the bed shear force does not change significantly,and the size will change linearly.

Abstract:Aiming at the cracking risk of super-long and super-thick mass concrete basement structure caused by thermal stress in tropical ocean environment with high salinity,high temperature and humidity,combined with engineering examples,the temperature field of mass concrete is simulated by Midas FEA finite element software,thus the temperature control measures of mass concrete are put forward and the risk of implementation and cracking are studied.With the method of setting cooling water pipes,there are no temperature cracks and seepage phenomena in the structure.This paper summarizes and refines the technical achievements of preventing temperature cracks in the construction of super-long and super-thick mass concrete in tropical marine environment,which can provide reference for the construction of basement projects with similar super-long structures.

Abstract:There are few natural harbor shoreline resources left in the developed coastal areas of China.In recent years,a number of large dig-in harbor basins have been constructed or planned in the areas that can be used in the coastal areas.Because of the advantages of making full use of the coastline,favorable cover conditions and easy management,dig-in harbor basin layouts are widely used in the world.The design wave element of basin is one of the important research parameters in the process of wharf design.At present,the mainstream commercial software MIKE 21 SW wave model and MIKE 21 BW wave model have their own shortcomings in calculating the wave field in basin with a wide range.Taking Hengsha large-scale harbor basin as an example,the calculation results of several different wave estimation methods are compared,and a method combining MIKE 21 SW and MIKE 21 BW wave models is proposed.

Abstract:Aiming at the problems of the wave incoming and mooring stability in the new planning port area of Weifang Port,we apply the numerical simulation method of the cascade nested wave,study the wave refraction and diffraction in Weifang Port’s central and western port areas under the recurrence period of two years.The results show that under the functions of wave in ENE and NE direction,the small gate and big abdomen port area can significantly reduce incoming wave intensity from the entrance to the belly,and the specific wave height of most waters in wharf area is under 0.3.Meanwhile,the wave heights of H4% of two feature points at the entrance of middle port area are relatively large to 0.86 m,and the specific wave height at the top of central port area is rapidly reduced to below 0.2.Waves in the western port area are mainly wind waves.The wave heights of H4% of west port area at feature points range are from 0.46 m to 0.66 m,and the specific wave height at the top of western port area is rapidly reduced to below 0.1.Each berth can satisfy the stable condition.

Abstract:The concept of green design is widely used in industrial products and architectural design,but the application experience is less in sea reclamation engineering.Colombo port city project is a large artificial island reclamation project,which locates in Sri Lanka,the key node country of “the Belt and the Road”.We apply the green design idea of safe,energy-saving and ecological as guideline,fully combine with environmental assessment and engineering research to determine the location selection,overall layout,canal layout optimization,and adopt low and narrow crest type of breakwater through functional requirements analysis.According to the actual sit situation,we conduct design changes in time to achieve the destination of save economy and environmental protection.The detailed environmental monitoring during the construction period proves that the effect of green design has reached the expected level and achieved good environmental benefits and social effects.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of current consumption situation and supply pattern of natural gas around Bohai region,this paper proposes that the LNG maritime import concentrated in winter in this area and LNG berth utilization extremely imbalanced during winter and other seasons.According to the characteristics of regional LNG transportation and the current utilization rate of berths,the utilization rate of LNG berths is further studied in detail in the season of dilution and peak season.Combined with the development status and trend of LNG vessel type,calculation parameters of throughput capacity of LNG berth are designed.On this basis,it is reasonable to calculate the throughput capacity of a LNG berth around Bohai region in the near and medium term,which is 5 million to 5.5 million tons,and put forward the direction of potential tapping of berth capacity in the future.The conclusion of this study can provide reference for the planning and design of regional LNG terminal.

Abstract:Aiming at the problems of increasing energy consumption and reducing efficiency caused by the main working mechanism of crane in the yard of automated container terminal,a new loading and unloading technology of single-box rail-gauge container yard crane is studied in depth.Based on Witness platform,the simulation models of container terminals with new and classical processes are established,and the technical indicators such as equipment investment,energy consumption and annual throughput capacity are compared and analyzed through design calculation and simulation test.The results show that the new technology has the advantages of low equipment investment,low energy consumption and high loading and unloading efficiency,and shows some corresponding suggestions for the problems of operation interference in the adjacent block,which provides a new direction for the innovative development of automated container terminals.

Abstract:With the continuous increase of the construction of domestic yacht wharf,more and more attention has been paid to the berthing conditions in the harbor.The main factors affecting the mooring stability of yacht wharf are the layout of breakwater,the structural type of breakwater,and structural form of revetment in the harbor.Based on the MIKE21-BW model,taking the planning and construction of yacht wharf on south Changshan Island in Changdao County as an example,mooring stability in harbor under two layout schemes of yacht wharf and six wave directions are simulated numerically.Comparing the wave heights at the entrance and the yacht berth in the harbor of two layout schemes,this paper analysis the factors affecting the stability of yacht berth in the harbor.The results show that the location of the breakwater,the structural form of the breakwater at the entrance and the structural form of the inland revetment have a direct impact on the berthing stability conditions of the yacht wharf.

Abstract:To study the structural characteristics of the erected reinforced soil retaining wall(RSRW),we establish a discrete element numerical model of the erected RSRW by particle flow code(PFC2D）in the view of the microstructure to research the mechanism of the erected reinforced soil retaining wall,and analyze the change law of the displacement field,stress field and contacted force chains under the exterior loads from the microstructure.The research result shows that the horizontal movement trend of soil in the reinforced area is more obvious than that in the unreinforced area,however,the resistance of geogrids to the soil can minimize the horizontal displacement of soil effectively.The stress level in the reinforced area of the RSRW is lower than that in the unreinforced area,and the number of the strong contact force chain in the reinforced area is obviously higher than that in the unreinforced area.It reveales that the geogrids plays the role of strengthening soil.

Abstract:Aiming at the demand forecasting for the dam-crossing transportation in improving the capacity of the Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River,we study the relationship between the regional economic development in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,industrial structure and the development and change of the dam-crossing freight volume of the Three Gorges Project,and construct a forecasting model for the dam-crossing freight volume of the Three Gorges Project based on the industrial structure measurement of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.It is estimated that the freight volume of the Three Gorges Project in 2020,2030,2040 and 2050 will be about 161 million tons,254 million tons,310 million tons and 317 million tons respectively.The study shows that it is reasonable to use the method based on the regional industrial structure measurement to predict the freight volume of the Three Gorges Project.At the same time,the conclusion is drawn that the freight volume of the Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River will enter a stable development stage around 2040,which needs further discussion.

Abstract:Mountain torrents occur frequently in China,and people pay more and more attention to the factors of sediment disaster.The flume test is carried out to simulate the slope change and large amount of sediment transport in mountainous rivers.Adopting the single factor experiment，we study the variation law of water level caused by large gradient and strong sediment transport.The results show that carrying a large amount of sediment,the rapid deposition of sediment contributes to the slowing down of local slopes,the decrease of flow velocity and the rise of water level. On the other hand,the resistance of sediment itself leads to the rise of water level.Thus the water jumps in some sections happen alternately,and the flood level increases significantly.The interaction between sediment and water results in that the water level at the junction front is far higher than the clear water depth.The research reveals that the higher the discharge,the larger the sediment transport rate or the larger the upstream channel gradient is,and then the higher the water level at the junction front will be.With the retrograde development of sediment deposition,the abnormal surge of water level will not only occur near the slope junction,but also spread upstream,causing the rivers to overflow and flood around.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of the characteristics of river evolution and water and sediment in the proposed river section in recent years,and taking into account the law of water and sediment movement in the Nanjing reach of the lower Yangtze River,the variation of sediment volume after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the hydrological years that have adverse effects on the erosion and siltation of the river bed,representative models are established to calculate the water and sediment control conditions and unfavorable water and sediment.Combining with the measured data,a two-dimensional tidal current and sediment mathematical model is used to simulate and verify the tidal current and sediment concentration in the vicinity of the proposed Ningxi Road river-crossing tunnel in Nanjing Reach of the Lower Yangtze River.On the basis of the good verification,the river bed erosion and deposition for engineering of each scheme(A,B,D,E）is forecasted and compared with physical model test results.The results show that the calculated results of the two models are quite consistent；the scouring changes of the proposed cross-river tunnel schemes are basically similar,and the scouring depth of the left and right deep grooves of the E scheme is the smallest,which can provide a scientific basis for the reasonable implementation of the cross-river tunnel project.

Abstract:Based on the channel regulation of shallow shoal of the Manting sandbank waterway,aiming at the problems that it needs to improve to be a higher-level waterway and it is necessary to guarantee the stability of channel in the rapids regulation,we summarize the change of river and the current status of the channel from three aspects,such as the hydrological features,evolution of river bed,and status of historic waterway regulation,analyze the cause of the shoal and the existing shoal pattern.We propose the scheme of two levels regulation that it is based on the concept of guarding,and uses the regulation methods in normal and dry water seasons.The results show that in the regulation process of rapids with the reservoir characteristics,dredging can deepen the depth of channel,arranging regulation building can defend the beaches,and narrow the waterway to attack the sand.These measures can improve the channel size and ensure the stability.

Abstract:Aiming at the shallow bending of the Xinhekou channel in the Xinglong reservoir area of the Hanjiang River after implementation of the first ecological dispatch of cascade hubs,we analyze the hydrological conditions,river bed evolution and channel scale,probe into the influence of the ecological dispatch of the cascade hubs on the navigation channel,and predict the development trend of the navigation channel in the reservoir area.The results show that the water level of the Xinglong Reservoir rises sharply during the ecological dispatching,and the flow rate is larger than that of the downward flow.The stability of the channel in the transitional section from Maliang to Shayang reach of the Xinglong Reservoir is poor,the duration of ecological dispatching is short,and the channel in the transitional section after the impoundment of the Xinglong Reservoir is prone to navigation obstruction due to the lack of sufficient flow scouring duration.It is predicted that there may be channel oscillation in the transitional section from Maliang to Shayang in the long term,the channel will be silted up,and the channel conditions may deteriorate further.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of poor flow condition and difficulty in meeting the requirements for safe passage of ships under the combined influence of three-dimensional helical flow and flow characteristics in the entrance area of ship lock in the curved river,we put forward that the engineering measures should be moved up ahead,and the “point” type should be changed to the “line” type.By adjusting the river regime,the adverse effects of helical flow in the lock entrance area of the curved river should be weakened,and the slow flow area in the entrance area should be constructed,supplemented by local engineering,so as to further improve the lateral velocity and reflux velocity in the entrance area to ensure the safe passage of the ship.

Abstract:The inlet sediment discharge rapidly decrease as a series of hydro-hub projects working in the mainstream and tributary stream of the Yangtze River after the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,leading to some differences on the changes of the channel condition compare to research achievements in the argumentation stage.Based on the measured channel data from 2008,we analyze the navigation condition changes of permanent backwater zone and fluctuating backwater zone and the main reasons in the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results show that the sedimentation in some reach sections should be focused on its impact on the main channel width in the permanent backwater zone.The gravels motion and temporary deposition in the main channel will lead to a shortage of the navigation depth in the falling stage,and the navigation problem in the fluctuating backwater zone also will involve the complex flow patterns occur in the falling stage.

Abstract:Taipingkou waterway is a key obstructed channel in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Maintenance dredging technology is used as the main way to ensure the waterway unobstructed at present.Based on that the obstructed navigation of Taipingkou waterway is serious in 2018,we analyze the characteristics of waterway and reason of obstructed navigation,and put forward the dredging scheme.The results show that according to various reasons of obstructed navigation,the dredging thinking should be used at current period,which is combined with bridge collision avoidance,waterway management and dredging,prediction in advance and multi-round rush dredging,alternating dredging and navigation with double channels,and dredging riverbank channel and 2# channel.Considering the serious obstructed navigation situation in 2018,the selection of dredging time should be combined with water regime,and it should carry on multiple dredging respectively in pre-flood season,flood season and dry season.

Abstract:In order to prevent the damage of ships caused by landslide surge,we take the small and medium-sized ships in mountain channel as a research object,analyze the attenuation traits of landslide surge based on physical model experiment,moreover study the failure characteristics of ships’ stability and buoyancy caused by landslide surge,and bring some suggestions to avoid the damage of small and medium-sized ships caused by landslide surge.The results show that the damage characteristics of ships in navigational,anchoring and mooring status are different.For small and medium-sized ships in mountain channel,the buoyancy is easier to be damaged than the stability.The small and medium-sized ships in direct shock region are easier to be damaged than outside direct shock region.It can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:In view of the long channel,offshore distance and the problem that a single tide station is difficult to control the real-time tide level of all construction sections for the 300,000-ton waterway phase II project waterway dredging construction project in Lianyungang Port LYG-302-H1.2 section,we carry out a systematic development & research.Using the original three tide stations for tidal level correction,and adopting Beidou information transmission system,we study the relevant software and obtain a set of long-distance tide level real-time broadcast system suitable for the project.The comparison between the field-measured data and the data calculated by the corresponding base station shows that the system can be used in the project.This system is connected to the ship dredging system to provide real-time tide data for the construction ship,and the construction ship completes the ship's definite depth on this basis,which plays an important role in the quality control of the project.

Abstract:The random sampling method for inspection and acceptance of waterway regulation engineering has not been clearly stipulated in relevant current water transport standards.In order to reflect the actual situation of the waterway regulation project,an improved random sampling method based on the characteristics of waterway regulation project is proposed by referring to the random sampling method in the Field Test Methods of Subgrade and Pavement for Highway Engineering,considering the influence factors such as the riprap structure form and dam body size of dam construction project.Thus,artificial influencing factors of technicians in sampling inspection are eliminated.Under the joint witness of all construction participants,this method can fairly and reasonably confirm the location of sampling section for acceptance inspection of engineering.The improved sampling method is more simple and effective,easy to operate on site,provides strong data support for project quality supervision.

Abstract:Due to the strict control measures when LNG ships enter or leave the port,it is necessary to further study the appropriate scale of LNG terminal,and guide the construction of large LNG receiving station scientifically.Based on the multi-agent information interaction method of port operation system simulation modeling,we establish a one-way dedicated channel model for a single LNG port,study the whole process of LNG ship entering and leaving port and receiving and unloading operation when 2 to 6 LNG berths are operating under high load,and evaluate the efficiency of LNG ship entering and leaving port under the interaction of LNG ships.The results show that based on the current general navigation rules,it is excellent or relative balance when the number of LNG berths in a single port site is two or three,and not more than four.When four berths are operating at the same time,the efficiency of the ship is relatively low,and the potential operational risks are relatively high.As the number of berths increases,the efficiency decreases further.

Abstract:Based on an inland waterway project in Shandong Province,this paper explores the application of BIM technology in designing of the waterway project using Autodesk software platform.The application of BIM technology can solve the problems of difficult intuitive expression of design intention in two-dimensional design,large and error-prone drawings,repetitive work caused by scheme changes,and realize three-dimensional visualization,collaboration,parameterization and fine design of waterway engineering.Thus,the design process is optimized and the design efficiency is improved.In the construction and maintenance stage of the project,the information transmission through the BIM model can realize the seamless connection between design and construction,thus ensuring the construction quality and improving the construction management level.

Abstract:In view of the complex internal structure of floating maintenance gates and the difficulty in calculating the stability of floating gates,the difficulty of quantity calculation and the complexity of drawings,etc.,combining with the application of the design of floating maintenance gate in Yakou hydro-junction in Hanjiang River,we adopt the BIM technology to explore the establishment of model,stability calculation and analysis,structure calculation,two-dimensional drawings generated,quantity calculation,checking and examination,application in construction stage and application in operation stage of floating maintenance gate.The results show that adopting the BIM technology,we can accurately calculate the floating stability of floating maintenance gates,greatly improve the efficiency of drawings and statistical engineering quantities of designers,and ensure the design quality.

Abstract:To solve the problem that BIM is rarely applied to the dyke engineering of water transport industry,we develop a set of BIM design method for the dyke engineering,including modeling,calculation and batch drawing based on software Civil 3D,which combines the traditional dyke design method with the BIM design concept,and carry out the secondary development based on Civil 3D part function to establish the levee engineering component library,optimize the production and transportation process of quantities,and complete automatic conversion function of the BIM three-dimensional wireframe model to three-dimensional entity model with special coding information.The application of BIM in the dike engineering is expanded by applying the BIM design method in related engineering.

Abstract:The soil pressure is the main load imposing on the steel cylindrical structure,and it is very important for analyzing the interaction mechanism between cylindrical structure and soil.Based on the west artificial island of the island and tunnel project of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge,we apply the finite element software PLAXIS 3D to establish the whole spatial elastoplastic finite element model of the deep-buried large-diameter steel cylindrical island wall structure,analyze passive soil pressure distribution curve in front of the steel cylinder and the vertical soil pressure distribution curve at the bottom of the steel cylinder,and compare the soil pressure curves with the 2D equivalent calculation method and the classical Rankine and Coulomb soil pressure theories under the same conditions.The results show that the passive soil pressure value in front of the steel cylinder structure using 3D numerical simulation method is the lowest,and the tendency of increasing with depth is consistent with the classical theories.The vertical soil pressure at the bottom of the cylinder using 3D numerical simulation method is basically consistent with the trend and value of the 2D equivalent calculation results.

Abstract:Based on the finite element strength reduction method,the typical slopping breakwater structure is simulated,and the influence of factors affecting the stability of the slope embankment on its safety factor is analyzed.Results show that strength parameters and slope ratio are positively correlated with safety factor,while load and slope height are negatively correlated with safety factor.However,there is no clear correlation between water level and safety factor.Some related suggestions are put forward.The selection of foundation treatment schemes for sloping embankment is mainly based on the surrounding engineering cases,experience,cost and construction capacity,etc.It lacks the comprehensive selection of indicators.Aiming at this problem,a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of foundation treatment scheme is established by using the method of fuzzy synthesis to synthetically compare and select the scheme index.The model is verified by an actual project,and the results show that the model is practical and effective.

Abstract:The weak sandwich formed during construction of the newly filled coral sand foundation is characterized by broad distribution,random thickness,poor engineering property,and shows no apparent rule,thus it brings great difficulty and challenge on the engineering construction.So,we carry out an in-door experiment to study the characteristics of the weak sandwich.The results show that the weak sandwich is mainly made of silty soil and has a high plastic limit；its shear strength is higher that of the natural powder sand；the more the content of the fine particle(with particle size of less than 0.075 mm),the higher water content in the soil and the smaller the maximum dry density.

Abstract:To deal with the contradiction between the dumping area’s high utilization rate and limited heavy draft area in the LYG-302-H1.2 bidding section of the channel dredging construction project of Lianyungang Port 300,000 ton waterway phase II project,we probe into the comprehensive planning and utilization of the dumping efficiency of No.2 dumping area.Based on the factors including the ship’s load draft,depth distribution in the dumping area and tide level variation,we propose the dumping operation method with the optimal dumping efficiency,which is feasible and can effectively improve the utilization rate of the dumping area and the efficiency of ship dumping.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem that the depth measurement system of under-water rock dumping construction cannot provide the real-time data processing results,we develop the automatic wave filtering function of multi-beam depth measurement data processing system with CUBE algorithm,and achieve that the quasi-real-time processing of multi-beam depth measurement data is provided,as well as the actual rock dumping section compare with design section.We apply this system in a case of deep-water breakwater construction.The results show that the system can play an assistant decision-making role in underwater rock dumping construction,and improve the efficiency and accuracy,which can provide references for the similar projects.