Abstract:In order to smoothly promote the construction of the national key waterway project,the 12.5 m deepwater waterway project in the Yangtze River below Nanjing,technical difficulties and construction characteristics of the project need to be analyzed to provide technical support for the design and construction of the project waterway regulation.Based on the analyses of the characteristics of water-sediment movement and navigation obstacle in the engineering reach,combined with the complex natural environment and protection demand of this tidal and bifurcated reach,the technical difficulties faced by the engineering design were analyzed deeply as follows:further understanding of water-sediment movement and shoal-channel evolution rules of the tidal and bifurcated river,determination of channel regulation parameters,channel inlet choosing and shoal controlling engineering layout,restrictions of the stakeholder,and advanced structure of regulating structures developing.The main characteristics of engineering construction were analyzed:long mileage,wide construction points,large quantity and high construction intensity bring about great difficulty in management,prominent contradiction between construction and navigation,difficulty in construction accuracy control and quality detection under harsh water conditions,and high requirements for ecological environment protection.The achievements has been conducted to provide instructions for the technical breakthrough and managing innovation regarding to this project,as well as the technical references for the feasibility demonstration and establishment management of similar projects.

Abstract:The implementation of the 12.5-meter deep-water channel second-phase project of the Yangtze River below Nanjing has greatly enhanced the channel capacity of the Jiangsu section of the main line of the Yangtze River. In view that how the port along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province relies on the deepwater channel to promote its own development,we analyze the role of the deepwater channel in the enlargement of arriving ships,the reduction of shipping costs,the optimization of transport organization,and the transformation and upgrading of the industry along the river. Suggestions are put forward for the development of Jiangsu ports along the Yangtze River,such as the improvement of Hechang continent waterway,the integration and optimization of port resources,the construction of infrastructure,the layout of port-vicinity industries and the policy of port customs clearance.

Abstract:Plane layout design of automated container terminal is the basis of civil construction design of wharf.The scientificity of general layout design affects the operational efficiency and economic benefits of operation of wharf after completion.In view of the fact that the domestic research on the layout design of automated container terminals is still in a blank state,and there is no systematic analysis and in-depth study,the general layout of automated container terminals is studied.The throughput after operation is estimated by using the exponential smoothing prediction algorithm,and the matching production capacity of each functional area is calculated according to the throughput of the wharf.The design of each functional area should satisfy the demand of production capacity of each functional area,and the layout of functional area should be determined according to the flow direction and convergence of the physical flows in the business process.For the first time,special designs such as moving the maintenance area forward and separating the asynchronous gate have been adopted.It will provide reference for the construction of other automation wharfs and the automation upgrading and transformation of artificial wharfs in China.

Abstract:With the development of terminal automation technology,more and more automated terminals are on the construction all over the world.Compared with the traditional manual stowage mode,the automatic stowage has plenty of advantages.By using logic algorithm,allocation strategy and parameters,it achieves “one key stow”,and also shortens stowage time and improves stowage precision,which satisfies the requirements of shipping company’s differentiated stowage.It gives overall consideration to the characteristics of the stacking yard and mechanical equipment,reduces the congestion of yard,improves the efficiency of terminal’s work,and improves the overall efficiency of terminal operation.This paper mainly studies the application and effects of the automatic stowage system in Qingdao automated container terminal,which may serve as reference for the automated container terminal stowage and loading operation.

Abstract:In view of the problem that there is a lack of normative and programmatic operation guidelines in the design of automated container terminals at present,we study the basic framework,classification and hierarchical design principles,design methods and steps,as well as process modeling and verification of automated container terminal,and carry out the design of business process for automated container terminal in Qingdao Port.The results show that the business process of automated container terminal designed by this method can improve the efficiency of decision-making and construction,which can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:This paper studies the setting,application and effect evaluation of depot management strategy in the automated container terminal.The new vertical stack yard structure brings the changes of the use mode,mechanical operation mode,interaction mode,stacking mode,operation habit and thinking mode brought by the new vertical stacking yard structure of the automatic wharf,and the new stacking yard management mode and stacking strategy are born accordingly. The management strategy of the stack yard of the automated container terminal is made by classifying the operations and combining the internal and external conditions of the terminal,so as to improve the utilization efficiency of the stack yard space and operation,cut down the operation cost,and enhance the comprehensive capacity of the stack yard.

Abstract:In order to study the force of shallow-water wave on coastal buildings under extreme conditions,we apply physical model test to carry out a series of experiments on overtopping discharge and force of vertical-wall attached on sloping seawall in the wave flume,obtain the pressure distribution of the vertical-wall on seawall,and get the relationship between overtopping discharge,pressure and velocity based on the momentum equation.The results show that the impact force on the vertical-wall under different conditions presents different trends.It presents a single-peak evolution shape when the overtopping discharge is little,and it presents a double-peaked evolution shape when the overtopping discharge is large.The horizontal force of the overtopping flow on the vertical-wall is consistent with the Weibull distribution.The uplift angle increases first with the increase of overtopping discharge,and it decreases slightly with the increase of overtopping discharge when overtopping discharge is large.The maximum uplift angle of overtopping is about 75°.

Abstract:Aimed at the anti-scouring ability of non-dispersive underwater concrete,we carry out a series of indoor flume tests,and obtain the onset flow velocity for anti-scouring of non-dispersive underwater concrete with 8 representative compositions of anti-washout agent.Based on 3D numerical simulations of flow around a finite cylinder using OpenFOAM,we analyze the effect mechanism of exposed obstacle on the local scouring of non-dispersive underwater concrete.The results show that the anti-scouring ability of non-dispersive underwater concrete increases with the amount of anti-washout agent,but decreases with the watering quantity.The HF-III anti-washout agent is better than UWB-II anti-washout agent in reducing scouring.The local scouring easily exists near the exposed obstacle and downstream.Compared with the scour holes around cylinder on loose sand bed,the scour holes on non-dispersive underwater concrete are smaller and shallower,and mainly located downstream of the cylinder.

Abstract:In the process of overseas project implementation,due to the complex political,economic and social environment of the host country,especially the increasingly prominent political uncertainties,the implementation of large-scale projects is facing tremendous challenges.How to strengthen the prevention and response of political risks in the process of project implementation has become a key factor for the successful completion of the project.Combining with the actual work,this paper expounds the manifestations and main characteristics of the main political risks faced in the implementation of overseas engineering projects.Through the practice of the enterprises,the paper summarizes the experience of how to prevent and deal with political risks,so as to provide reference for more and more“going out”enterprises and overseas projects.

Abstract:In view of the shortcomings of the design concept and approach of Chinese current Code for Seismic Design of Water Transport Engineering,we summarize four typical failure modes of pile-supported wharf,and focus on comparing the specific requirements of the seismic design criteria,conceptual design,elastoplastic analysis method in the international and Chinese current codes about seismic design of wharf structure.The calculation results of example show that the results of the coefficient modification method recommended by FEMA-440 are basically consistent with the modal spectral method and substitute structure method.

Abstract:Taking a seaport liquefied hydrocarbon terminal design project as an example,focusing on safety,and compared with the relatively mature design experience in oil terminal,liquefied chemical wharf and liquefied natural gas terminal,we put forward suggestions on the wharf layout,layout form of the working platform,the off-center berthing problem caused by multiple loading arms,the design method of liquefied hydrocarbon leakage collection,and on the low-level confined spaces,vent lines,use of fire-fighting medium,connection of process pipelines and equipment,and accident water collection,so as to provide reference for the subsequent design of such terminals.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of the unclear regulations on the calculation of the shore side anchor chain and the ground anchor in the design code for wharf structures,we reference the derivation process of calculating the stress of the underwater anchor chain,obtain the standard equation of the shore side anchor chain according to the static balance analysis,and acquire the calculation formula of length of the anchor chain by curve integration.Considering the special case that the shore side anchor chain drags anchor on the bank slope,we introduce the gradient k at the slope point of the bank slope,and obtain the calculation formula of the maximum tensile force of the anchor chain and the pulling force of the ground anchor by the static analysis method.The results show that the maximum tensile force of the anchor chain suspension section appears at the slope point of the bank slope,and the maximum tensile force of the anchor chain appears at the ground anchor.It can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:The plate valve is being used more and more in the medium & high-head ship lock and broke out the usual application range several times,with satisfactory effect achieved.In view of the main technical problems encountered in the application of the plate valve in medium & high-head ship lock in China,and based on the achievements in the design,research and project application in recent years,we analyze the progress on the technical problems of cavitation,flow induced vibration and hydrodynamic hoisting of the plate valve.The results show that by taking the comprehensive measures such as the natural ventilation,the narrow gate groove and the reasonable bottom edge type of the valve well,we can solve the problem of cavitation of the valve section.The double-panel structure greatly improves the overall stiffness of the valve,reduces the vibration response of the valve structure,and effectively improves the stress state of the valve.

Abstract:By analyzing the design method of channel depth in domestic and foreign specifications,we study the significance of UKC (under keel clearance) parameter in different specifications,carry out systematic contrast and difference analysis of the parameter values,propose the applicable scope and value suggestions of specifications,and apply them in some project cases.The results show that under some conditions,the calculation results of UKC values in the specifications are verified and checked mutually,and the accuracy and rationality of the design of the channel depth can be improved.The achievement can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:Aiming at the complex navigation environment in the fluctuating backwater section of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River during the ebb and flow period of the Three Gorges reservoir,this paper studies the comprehensive navigation characteristics of the shoal by taking the remediation of the regulation of Jiaoshizi channel in Guangyangba as an example.This paper determines the self-propelled beach target of the 5,000 tons ship type by ship resistance calculation method,obtains the cause of the risk of the river section through the physical model test,and proposes the overall management ideas and the beach risk remediation plan.The regulation effect shows that the navigation channel scale has reached the navigation design standard after the implementation of the project,which can meet the navigation flow conditions of the 5,000 tons ship.

Abstract:The wall culvert side port filling and emptying system is widely used in medium-head ship locks，thus it is of great significance to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of side ports for improving the flow conditions in lock chamber.In this paper,a three-dimensional turbulent numerical model of the ship lock with wall culvert side port filling and emptying system was established.Dynamic grid technology and user-defined secondary development (UDF) were used to simulate the opening process of plane water delivery valves.The numerical model was verified by the water level in lock chamber and discharge measured in physical model tests.The flow pattern,velocity and discharge distribution of side-orifices in filling process with water transfer time were analyzed.The results showed that the velocity,discharge and the jet length of side-orifice increased first and then decreased with water delivery time,and the difference of velocity between upstream and downstream side-orifices decreased first and then increased.

Abstract:Soft mattress is the basic structure in waterway regulation project,and the hydraulic characteristics of soft mattress directly affect the protection effect of waterway regulation project.We study hydraulic characteristics of the software mattress ballast block by establishing the normal tank model,such as the flow field structure,the length of the recirculation zone,the velocity of the bottom,turbulent flow field and shear stress.The results show that software mattress ballast block decreases the flow velocity and shear stress near the bottom,and flow velocity in reflux zone,and increases the upper layer velocity and longitudinal turbulence intensity.The software mattress ballast block can adjust the flow pattern near bottom to promote sediment deposition,and improve the beach protecting effect.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of local pebble siltation obstructing navigation during the recent scouring process of Lujiahe,the observation data are analyzed and a two-dimensional mathematical model is established,and the maintenance dredging scheme of the channel is put forward and demonstrated.The results show that the local pebble deposition in the channel is mainly caused by the local pebble transport in the process of scouring,and the local channel conditions can be improved by reasonably controlling the location and extent of maintenance dredging,while the overall scouring and silting and flow conditions of the reach will not be greatly affected.This paper has reference values for channel maintenance of sand-gravel river downstream TGD,and is also helpful for dredging scheme design of similar reach.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of overhaul and reinforcement of working gates which are frequently used in ship lock,relying on the overhaul project of Sanbao first ship lock in Hangzhou,we carry out prototype testing and evaluation,and establish a numerical analysis model of working gates by using finite element software ANSYS.Based on the combination of water levels under different working conditions,we obtain a reasonable reinforcement scheme of working gates.The results show that the stress of the strengthened main beam satisfies the allowable stress requirement of the material.The strength,stiffness and stability of the plane lifting gate can satify the requirements under the combined working condition of water level.The calculation results can provide references for the similar projects.

Abstract:Anchorage is a public service facility that relates to the safety of water traffic.The regulations on the scale and layout of waterways anchorage in the code are not yet detailed.Taking the anchorage layout scheme of the west waterway of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal as an example,this paper summarizes the anchorage location principle,the anchorage calculation method and berthing management scheme,and analyzes the anchorage conditions of the plain restricted channel .It is concluded that the location of the plain restricted anchorage should mainly consider the anchorage habits of sailor and external traffic conditions.The combination of continuous structure and isolated pier structure in the restricted waterways of the plains can meet the requirements for the use of single ships and fleets,and it has a good economic advantage,and puts forward new ideas for the construction of restricted channel anchorages in the plains.It has positive reference significance for similar engineering construction and normative revision.

Abstract:In the past projects,concrete cracks often occur in the bottom and chamfer of the dock-type lock chamber.The cracks in the bottom are solved by the design of post-pouring strip.The improper treatment of the post-pouring strip will result in artificial cracks and inconvenience in construction.In this paper,the feasibility of integral pouring of the bottom slab of dock-type lock chamber is discussed.The construction process of dock-type lock chamber is simulated by three-dimensional finite element method,and the causes of cracks in the bottom slab and chamfer of lock chamber are analyzed and pointed out.The application of prestressing reinforcement technology to prevent concrete cracks is put forward,at the same time,the prestressing layout parameters are put forward.The calculation results show that the tension stress at the bottom and chamfer can be effectively reduced by applying prestressing force,which is lower than the concrete stress control standard and achieves the purpose of crack prevention.

Abstract:Lianshitan is a well-known complex rapid in the upper Yangtze River,with the navigation obstacle character of shallow,dangerous and large velocity.Based on the navigation obstruction characteristics,beach-forming reasons and thought of regulation,combined with the target of regulation,we put forward two schemes for model test according to the different directions of the design waterway.Regulation thoughts of two schemes are dredging navigation and remained stable for Yuqiushi shoal,expanding navigation in the dry season and remained stable in the middle water period for Guandaoqi rapids.The results show that two schemes can both basically solve the navigation obstruction problem,and the second scheme is better in adapting to the river regime,route selection and regulation effect.

Abstract:The Dongxi sluice section of the Chaozhou water supply project is characterized by a C-shaped curved channel.The new ship lock is arranged on the convex bank of the curve,and the angles between the center line of upstream and downstream approach channel and river are very large.Through the physical model and ship model test,concrete measures to improve the flow conditions are put forward.The results show that through the measures of reducing navigation standard,optimizing routes,and excavating and adjusting convex shoreline,the angle between the center line of approach channel and the main stream is reduced,and the adverse flow patterns such as lateral velocity and return flow in upstream and downstream approach channel and entrance area are weakened.The navigation flow conditions of Dongxi lock are effectively improved,which can provide reference for the layout of similar types of ship lock.

Abstract:Aiming at the problem of effects of water and sediment conditions after impoundment in the Three Gorges Reservoir on the channel conditions of Dongbei waterway,the evolution trend of the channel of Dongbei waterway is studied.Based on the physical moving bed model experiment,the trend of water level,velocity,flow state,terrain and channel conditions of Dongbei waterway under the water and sediment conditions of typical year and series year is discussed.The analyzing result reveals that,in the absence of engineering,the development of the channel conditions of Dongbei waterway is unfavorable due to the decrease in the amount of incoming sediment after the Three Gorges Reservoir is impounded;after the project is implemented,it can curb the unfavorable trend and maintain the current better shoal pattern and navigation conditions,thus there is less influence on water level,velocity distribution and nearshore velocity along the engineering section,and it can lay the foundation for further improvement of the channel scale.

Abstract:Drainage outlet project is a special river-facing project because it continuously injects water into the channel,and the scientific and reasonable construction of the project is very important to ensure the safety of the channel and navigation.Aiming at the change of navigation conditions after the renovation of the drainage outlet of Tangwang sewage treatment plant in the downstream approach channel area of Shiqiao lock,we study the location and layout of the drainage outlet project,analyze the navigation conditions of the channel using the model established by MIKE21 software,and propose some suggestions for the construction of the drainage outlet project.The results show that the construction of the drainage outlet project will bring adverse effects on navigation conditions of the lower approach channel of the ship lock.By optimizing the layout,reducing the elevation of the drainage outlet and increasing the diameter of the drainage outlet,the adverse cross-flow velocity can be effectively reduced to satisfy the requirements of the standard.

Abstract:The layout of the second-line ship-lock always needs adjustment because of the existing buildings,land resources,etc.Based on the Dongdaying Port ship-lock engineering,we study the surrounding environment conditions,construction conditions,environmental protection requirements,and utilization conditions,point out the shortage of the original design,and put forward the optimization approaches including the use of the high pile cap forked revetment structure in outer river approach channel,high pile abutment separates diversion dike structure in the outer river diversion dike,the SWM method in the lock chamber construction foundation pit,etc.,by which,we solve the technical problems of building second-line ship-lock under the condition of limited space,shortage of resources and strict requirement of environmental protection.

Abstract:The Xinjiang River is one of the five major rivers in the Poyang Lake basin.The current level of waterway is gradeⅦ and can’t meet the requirements of the social and economic development.So,it is planned to improve the level of waterway through canalization on the lower reaches of the Xinjiang River. Based on the latest river topographic and hydrological data,we establish a 2-D flow and sediment mathematical model and carry out a detailed verification.We also calculate the flow and sediment movement after the channel regulation project.Analyzing the current situation and navigation obstruction characteristics for the three dangerous sections of Caijiazhou,Gangangkout and Mopanzhou,we propose the waterway schemes of the three dangerous beach sections.The recommended scheme of the three dangerous beach sections are selected by comprehensive comparison,taking into account the conditions of flow movement,engineering volume,flood impact and channel stability.The optimization scheme of Caijiazhou beach is obtained.The project scheme can provide reference for similar waterway regulation.

Abstract:The operating and dispatching principle of the navigation regulating lock is obviously different from that of the conventional lock engineering and sluice engineering.For the key technical issues such as the entrance width,threshold depth,gate type,and plane layout of the navigation regulating lock,there is no concrete stipulation in the specifications of the lock engineering and sluice engineering.Taking the reconstruction project of Denglou regulating lock as an example,we adjust the existing operating and dispatching principle for the regulating lock to meet the requirements of opening the lock for navigation and implement the engineering compensation measures to guarantee the functions including prevention of floods,diversion irrigation,and protection of water quality.By theoretical calculation and comparative analysis,we know that by constructing a 2-hole regulating lock with 23 m net width and 5.5 m-deep threshold water depth,we can meet the requirement of safe navigation of ships and satisfy the passing capacity of fairways. The conclusion is drawn that the elevated horizontal plane gate adapts to the characteristics of the long-term low-water head operation and high navigation guarantee rate.Its method of determining the operation rules,construction scale,gate type,and layout plan may serve as reference for the construction of similar projects and improvement of lock standards and specifications.

Abstract:Civil 3D,as a technical solution for the BIM design and application in the geotechnical industry,has become a common technical software for 3D geological modeling.In view of the visualization of borehole data in Civil 3D geological modeling,we study the kriging interpolation algorithm and its advantages.Adopting the construction idea of “point-plane-volume” 3D geological model,we propose to use longitudinal intercalation points and Kriging interpolation to interpolate and fill the borehole data of the geological strata to complete the construction of 3D geological strata model.The results show that the surface of geological boundary layer treated by Kriging interpolation is relatively smooth,and the geological rock mass created can accurately and directly express the geological and geotechnical trend and distribution.The research results may serve as reference for the geotechnical units to carry out BIM work.

Abstract:Under adverse sea conditions such as long period waves and few construction period,the traditional multi-beam monitoring technology has low precision,only ±10cm.Relying on the Ashdod port project in Israel,we analyze the various error sources with and without tide testing based on the common format data of multi-beam,compare a variety of filtering algorithms,and develop the multi-beam high-precision automatic post-processing software.The results show that the software can achieve quasi real-time monitoring of the riprap state of the slope under adverse sea conditions with an precision of ±5 cm.

Abstract:This paper proposes a new design method using BIM technology to solve the problems existing in the design of outdoor electrical pipeline in container port.Based on actual engineering projects of container port and combining with main design key points of outdoor electrical pipeline in container port,this paper adopts BIM 3D design method to describe the whole design process by using 3D design software Revit.In additional,it carries out the comparative analysis between design productions of BIM design method and traditional design method,and directly indicates all advantages of BIM design method.On this basis,this paper is intended to introduce a new 3D design method and the corresponding whole technology route for the detailed design of outdoor electrical pipeline in container port to improve the insufficient of traditional design method.

Abstract:In view of the difficult problems caused by the complex engineering characteristics of coral limestone soil,such as the difficulty to determine the criteria for sinking and hammering of steel pipe piles and the difficulty to unify the construction elevation of sinking piles,the law of sinking of steel pipe piles in coral limestone soil area is studied.Statistical analysis is used to compare the final hammer penetration,total blows and penetration depth of pile in coral limestone soil.Based on field test and drivability analysis,it is pointed out that driven steel pipe piles is easy to penetrate coral limestone soil,and the main reason for less hammering is due to the soft and hard distribution of coral limestone soil and the fragmentation of soil particles.The results show that steel pipe piles can penetrate coral limestone soil with high penetration number (more than 100 hits)；conventional engineering design and construction experience directly applied to coral limestone soil is prone to large deviations,which should be checked by field load test.

Abstract:In the dredging and reclamation project of the Ram Port in Kenya,temporary dredging construction is required in the landfill area. The local stone material is expensive and it is a lack of sand source.Therefore,sand can only be prepared through underwater sand-taking by the large-scale cutter suction dredger.But soil in the construction area is clay mixed with sand and contains a large number of shells.Moreover,the sand layer is thin,so the sand-taking efficiency is extremely low. So,we develop a sand filter device for pipelines,which can separate sand from other waste soils and separately fill them into different areas. By the clay-sand mixture separation technology by the large-scale cutter suction dredger,we solve the problem of separating the sand from the clay ball and the shell and ensure the quality of the bag-filling sand,improve the construction efficiency of the sand bag-filing efficiency and greatly reduce the construction cost.

Abstract:To ensure the seepage stability of earth-rock cofferdam and reduce water seepage,it is necessary to construct cutoff wall inside the cofferdam.High-pressure jet grouting pile is widely used in the cofferdam to reduce seepage because of its fast construction and low cost.Water injection test in borehole and water pressure test in borehole are used in the impermeability testing of high-pressure jet grouting piles.Firstly,the test principle and calculation method for the water injection test in borehole and water pressure test in borehole including constant head and precipitation head are analyzed,and then the high-pressure jet grouting piles with good quality are chosen to carry out the water pressure test in borehole and water injection test in borehole including constant head and precipitation head in the same coring borehole.The results show that the permeability values from three kinds of testing methods are close to each other when the quality of jet grouting pile is good,and the permeability coefficient of water pressure test in borehole is slightly larger than that of full-length water injection test in borehole without difference in magnitude.When there is a leakage point at certain part of the pile,the water pressure test in borehole can find the leakage point efficiently,while it may be difficult for the full-length water injection test to accurately find the leakage point,and the full-length water injection test should not be adopted if the pile is found inhomogeneous from coring.

Abstract:In view of the shortage of sand source in the construction of sand-filled bags,we study the barge loading technology of the trailing suction hopper dredger by bow blowing taking the southeast breakwater project of Jingtang Port as an example,and combining with another dredging project using TSHD,and propose creatively to change the traditional sucking ship to the construction method of the bucking construction using the newly developed offshore loading and unloading platform to carry out the barge loading operation.The technology aims to make full use of the natural resources on site to ensure that the project is completed on time based on the principle of cost saving and environmental protection.At present,there is no mature construction technology for TSHD in our country.The successful implementation of this technology has referential significance for similar projects.