Abstract:The hydraulic floating ship lift is a new type vertical ship lift using water as the ascending power and safety measures,which is put forward with independent intellectual property rights in China.In view of the complex structural characteristics of the ship lift,we consider the simple structure from the single tube to start a little bit of complex geometry of the research ideas.We establish the user model by the additional mass method,and develop the Python code to simulate the 6th order mode and the frequency and eigenvector participation coefficients in different depths of the shaft.We analyze the modal characteristics of the superficial depth of the first 6 steels,which is useful for further research.

Abstract:Hydro-floating ship lift is a new type of the navigation structure.The operation of the ship chamber is completely driven by the water of the buoyancy,which has very clear advantages compared with traditional ship lift.In this paper,we design and establish the single-silo generalized physical model,preliminarily discuss the main factors that affect the operation stable of the ship lift,and contrast the hydraulic property and the fluctuation of the balance weight in different working conditions.The results show that when clearance ration is 0.061,increasing flow rate has no influence on the fluctuation of balance rising,and the rising process of balance is relatively stable

Abstract:A research,which aims at the TSHD issues of complicated working conditions,big hopper,great dredging depth,accurate and highly efficient controllability and fine sailing performance,is conducted in the aspect of hull shape,serialized drag-head,high-efficiency dredging pump,pump for drag-head boom,as well as the control system.Several methods are adopted such as theoretical research,large-scale model experiments,test on dredgers,etc.,which solve the bottleneck problems that limit the technical domestication of the jumbo TSHD.Based on the above-mentioned achievement,2 jumbo TSHDs are designed and built,and applied to several key projects of port and waterway,which achieved remarkable social and economic benefit.

Abstract:Making the ship waves by the speedboat rapid sailing in the downstream approach channel,we study the influence of ship waves on the operation characteristics of Jinghong ship lift.The experimental results show that ship waves of the downstream approach channel has no obvious effects on the water surface fluctuations of the ship chamber pool.When the ship chamber and downstream approach channel docking standby,ship waves will affect the water surface fluctuations of ship chamber and threaten the safe berthing of the experimental ship in the ship chamber.To ensure the safe berthing of ships in the ship chamber when Jinghong ship lift’s ship chamber has ship berthing inside and downstream approach channel docking standby,the sailing speed of ship in the downstream channel should be strictly controlled.

Abstract:Culvert valve is the core component of HFSL,so specialized selection study is very necessary and significant.In this paper,based on the consideration of prototype measurement results of Jinghong HFSL,through the summary of hydraulic progress research of gate and valve,we got a conclusion that based on the mature cavitation defense technologies,we could properly reduce the cavitation performance of valves,reduce the valves cost by replacing piston valve with taper valve,and demonstrate the feasibility of valve selection research of HFSL.

Abstract:To solve the problems of plunger valve cavitation and vibration of hydraulic ship lift,with a model scaled 1:10.667 physical,the flow coefficient,cavitation morphology,critical cavitation number of the high water head plunger valve are researched.For alleviating cavitation,air entrainment measures are put forward.The valve decompression model test verifies that:the valve segment cavitation is basically eliminated and vibration is declined obviously when each valve is entrained air with a mount of 0.1 m3/s .The effect of air entrainment measures to alleviate cavitation is significant.

Abstract:Hydraulic vertical ship lift with the characteristics of large load,long stroke and variable load,requires a system which should be reliable,stable and safe operation.Therefore,it is necessary to solve the technical problems such as the flow stability of valve control system under load change and the pressure stability under variable flow condition.The modes of proportional commutation valve + pressure compensator,proportional flow valve+pressure compensator have realized the steady and adjustable speed of the leveling oil cylinder and balance oil cylinder with variable load state,and the pressure control of clamping system under the condition of flow change.The modes can make the system smooth and reliable.

Abstract:Based on Jinghong ship lift project,we discuss the application of brakes in the hydro-floating ship lift.Comparatively analyzing the arrangement characteristics and operation mode of breaks in the electric-drive and hydro-floating ship lift,we expound new technical problems of breaks in the hydro-floating ship lift at present,and propose the design indices and requirements of brakes’ braking force,braking mode and synchronism.We also discuss the application scope of brakes.The normally open brake is recommended for the hydro-floating ship lift. The brakes will be used while docking with upstream-downstream docking in the ship chamber when the ship lift is in normal operation.

Abstract:The periodic lack of database about water level below low tide is a normal problem in the downstream area of a barrage in tidal estuaries,which may cause significant errors in harmonic analysis of the tidal level at that area.A modified method is proposed to solve this problem.The preliminary modification is to approximate the missing low water level by the neighboring measured high water level based on the tidal asymmetric characters,then the self-modification is repeatedly performed until the tidal harmonic constants keep unchanged.Verification results show the modification method can effectively and efficiently solve the question associated with the missing low tide data problem.This method is successfully applied in the forecast of tidal level in Gaobeipu,Ningbo in 2014.

Abstract:This paper probes into the influence of rock properties,clay powder content and the maximum particle size on MB value of the manufactured sand,and analyzes the influence of MB value on the fluidity,mechanical properties and pore structure of mortar.The experiment shows that MB value of the manufactured sand of sandstone linear increases with the clay powder content,and decreases logarithmically with the increase of the sand’s largest particle size.The fine powder particle is an important factor affecting the MB value,but the influence of the mineral lithology on MB value is insignificant.Fluidity and mechanical properties of mortar decrease with the increase of MB value,especially when the MB value is greater than 1.5. With the increase of MB value,porosity and average pore diameter increase,the quantity of harmful holes increases and that of the harmless hole such as gel hole reduces,which leads to degradation of the pore structure.It is recommended to control the MB value of manmade sand to no more than 1.5 in the process of site manufacturing.

Abstract:Aiming at the similarities and differences between Chinese code and Eurocode of concrete structure design,we contrast and discuss the strength grade of concrete,the thickness of concrete cover and the concrete exposure levels,and analyze the carrying capacity of the target of reinforcement and the crack width calculation principle.Based on an actual project as an example,we analyze qualitatively carrying capacity,reinforcing bars and the crack width of flexural member.The results show that in the same situation the crack calculated by Chinese code is larger than that by Eurocode,also the crack controlling by Chinese code is stricter.The results can provide reference to the overseas project structure design.

Abstract:Splitting tensile strength is an important mechanics index of evaluation of concrete crack resistance.We analyse influence of sandstone powder content of manufactured sand on tensile splitting strength and mechanism of sand concrete.The results show that the content of sandstone powder of manufactured sand has different influence on the workability,tensile splitting strength properties for different strength grades concrete.When contents of sandstone powder are from 7% to 13% and from 5% to 8%,the fresh concrete workability,compressive strength,and tensile splitting strength of concrete are improved.Mathematical formula splitting tensile strength and compressive strength are established:lg fsp=0.309 7lg fcu+0.102 6.Splitting tensile strength of manufactured concrete is better than ordinary concrete,and it has more excellent crack resistance.Particle effects and chemical activity of sandstone powder are the main reasons for improving splitting tensile properties of sand concrete.

Abstract:In order to scientifically evaluate the marine risks caused by the landslide disaster and scientifically implement water traffic control decision,the three-dimensional measure method of the maritime risks of landslides is studied.With large and medium scale motion type landslide surge as the research object,according to formation process of landslides maritime risk,three-dimensional measurement method is studied.The landslide deformation failure stage,scale of landslide surge,surge of damaged ship system risk comprehensive coefficient to measure the maritime risk evaluation model is put forward.The example illustrates the application of this method and risk evaluation model.Research results indicate that the maritime risk measure methods and evaluation model,considering the main factors of the landslide danger water traffic control,fully reflect the maritime risk characteristics caused by landslide.

Abstract:This paper tests the influence of limestone powder (LsP) on the hydration of cement mineral by XRD and SEM,and studies the influence of LsP on mortar workability and mechanical properties systematically.The results show that LsP has little influence on the hydration C3S.The reaction between LsP and C3A could occur at the early age and induce 3CaO?Al2O3? CaCO3?11H2O,which can exist steadily at the later age.The increase of LsP fineness or replacement level can promote the reaction.LsP has little influence on the mortar fluidity,and the mortar compressive strength is decreased by LsP.

Abstract:The Songyu Planning Port Area of Xiamen Port located in the two tidal flow diversion and confluence,has slow flow zone and recirculation zone planning quay frontier waters caused by complex flow regime.The flows of flood tide and ebb tide are very sensitive to the port layout.If shoreline scheme cannot meet the requirements of two shares of water diversion,a large scale recirculation zone in the waters of the quay or the serious back silting of sediment will generate.We carry out 24 tests of physical model,and determine the layout scheme of Songyu Port Area.The field measured data show that the results of physical model test can accurately predict the flow condition after completion of Songyu Port Area.

Abstract:Container terminal operation system is a complex discrete-event system,whose characteristics are difficult to be described by mathematical models,while process-based simulation models are in lack of flexibility of equipment dispatching.In order to analyze the effect of the yard truck fleet size on terminal operational performance by precisely depicting the container flows at port,an event-driven multi-agent simulation model for domestic container terminals is proposed.Results indicate that,gross crane rate (GCR) first increases steeply and then slowly as the number of yard truck increases,and both average waiting time (AWT) and average service time (AST) of ships show high negative correlations with GCR.

Abstract:The floating LNG terminal consists of the jetty for floating storage & regasification unit（FSRU）and LNG vessel.For most overseas projects,the LNG vessel is moored outside the FSRU and there is no precedent in China.The two large LNG vessels are different from the conventional jetty and the cable forces and plane layout.According to the mooring project of a floating LNG terminal,the length of berth,the number of cables and the layout of the plane are analyzed and studied.For the jetty which are mainly affected by the wind and water flow,the spring lines of inside ship is the most stressed at full load.The following methods including increasing the number of bow and stern mooring lines of FSRU,increasing the jetty length and moving forward the dolphin for bow and stern lines to reduce the bow and stern line horizontal angle and arranging the mooring line symmetrically will ease the spring lines.The cables should be symmetrical arranged.

Abstract:At present,the numerical model can hardly simulate the characteristics of the multi-directional and irregular nature of the natural wave.Based on the overall physical model test of the port wave,we study the distribution law of the wave height disturbance coefficient of the measured point in the harbor under the action of the irregular wave.The results show that in the shielding area dominated by the diffraction effect,the diffraction performance of the multi-directional wave is greater than that of the unidirectional wave,and the wave disturbance coefficient is larger.Wave diffraction and reflection are very strong coverage area,multi-directional irregular wave and unidirectional irregular wave disturbance coefficient cannot see the obvious size relationship.In the well-covered area dominated by the diffraction,the disturbance coefficient of unidirectional irregular wave is larger than that of multi-directional irregular wave,and the larger the reflection coefficient is,the larger the disturbance coefficient of unidirectional irregular wave is.In the shield area dominated by the diffraction,the wave distribution is less sensitive to the period.The wave height distribution is more sensitive to the period in the well-covered area which is dominated by the reflection.In the case of diffraction and reflection,it is possible that the wave height in the port under unidirectional wave is larger than that of unidirectional wave,and it is safe to use unidirectional irregular wave to simulate it.In the case of the overall model test,it is necessary to make a comprehensive consideration based on the actual engineering conditions to determine the wave type.If necessary,two kinds of unidirectional and multi-directional irregular waves should be tested to determine the best scheme.

Abstract:Because the rockface foundation of open type breakwater in Bohe center fishing port is very shallow,the open piled quay is inapplicable.Based on the typical gravity breakwater,we combine the through flow characteristic of the box culvert and the prevention of wave of chamfered vertical breakwater,propose a new structure which is called “box-culvert chamfered vertical breakwater”.Through the theoretical analysis and the demonstration of physical model,the results show that the structure is safe and reliable,and is capable to prevent wave,pass flow,reduce the back silting and achieve other functions.Through the preli-minary analysis of economic benefit,the structure which can be used as environmental protectionmeasure,is considered to be helpful to water renewal.It also can reduce the back siltation intensity and the cost of maintenance dredging.

Abstract:Shore power system for ship is promoted extensively in Chinese ports due to its benefit on reducing carbon emissions and improving energy efficiency.In order to discuss the application prospect of shore power system in container terminal,we take the Dayao Bay north shore container terminal as an example.We use the simulation model to calculate Dayao Bay north shore container terminal carbon emission in 2020 before and after using shore power system in several scenarios,such as the influence on the carbon emission in different ship loading and unloading efficiency.The results show that low carbon emission can be achieved by shore power system of container terminals.Improving the ship loading and unloading efficiency are favorable to reduce the carbon emission,but the increasing of carbon emissions of loading and unloading machines caused by the increasing of the efficiency should be considered

Abstract:Chinese code recommends that the footing of the caisson should not be too long,while the caisson with large footing has been applied abroad.This paper checks the overall stability and foundation bed stress of the caisson with large footing by the Chinese code,which makes comparison with the caisson with normal footing.According to the comparison,the caisson with large footing has great advantages,which has certain reference value for the design optimization of caisson in the future.

Abstract:For the damage of embankment concrete lining under external load (water pressure,wave pressure and other load)occurs mainly in the bottom 1/3 of lining,this paper carries on a comparative analysis of the concrete lining,and proposes an adaptive concrete lining.Using finite element software ADINA,this paper simulates reducing stress by setting filler seam in the maximum of the lining and packing flexible material in the seam so that the lining can adapt itself to the external load of lining deformation.The result shows:the adaptive lining can not only effectively reduce the dike embankment stress and strain,but also it is practical and simple.

Abstract:To counter the difficulties in the integral demolition works of high-pile wharf for wharf reconstruction and extension engineering of Port of Panama Colon Container Terminal (CCT)Phase III Stage 2 Project,such as difficult transnational dispatching of construction ships,tight project schedule,low efficiency and high risk of the traditional underwater pile cutting technique,etc.，this paper carries out a comparative study on various demolition techniques.Through the improvement of the traditional wire saw guide frame and the successful application of the new-type hydraulic cutter in pile cutting works,a complete set of techniques applicable to on-land demolition works for high-pile wharf forms,which provides a new idea and new technology for the extension project of high-pile wharf,especially for pile foundation demolition works.It also offers reference for similar projects.

Abstract:Based on the topographic data of different project stages of the Yangtze estuary deep waterway project,this paper quantitatively analyzes the scouring and deposition thickness of field in the north-channel spur dikes.Analyzing the differences between the north and south field of spur dikes in different stages affected by the progress of the project,we know that it deposits annually,more in the flood season and less in the dry season;the deposition thickness on the north side is more than that on the south side.The terrain changes of main channel and spur dikes fields are great before 2010,and the main channel tends to be stable,with a slow change,while the dam continues depositing after 2010.

Abstract:The lock of Shushan Pump Station plays an important role in navigation of Yangtze-to-Huai water diversion project,which is one of the controlling projects to keep smooth navigation from the Yangtze River to the Huai River.The lock has typical characteristics such as large chamber,high lift and huge flow energy,so the hydraulic problem becomes a key part in lock design.Considering the geology and structure design,the lock tends to be used the simplest dispersed filling and emptying system,the wall-culvert side-port type.It needs to be detailed studied that if the safety of vessels and lock itself during filling and emptying can satisfy the design demands.The ship berthing condition in lock chamber,the hydrodynamic characteristics and flow conditions in approach channels are all studied by a 1:25 scaled physical model.The results indicate that,all the key parameters can satisfy the needs of codes and design under the recommended lock layout and valve opening patterns.

Abstract:Shanghai city and Jiangsu province are selected as the benefit objects of the Yangtze Estuary 12.5 m Deepwater Navigation Channel (DNC),and benefit response of Shanghai city and Jiangsu province to the DNC during a 5-year operation period is analyzed and evaluated from 2 aspects of macroeconomic benefits and social benefits.The results show that the ratio of dredging volume to port cargo throughput of Shanghai and Jiangsu ports along the Yangtze River has slightly declined overall,and there is a decline of nearly 15% and 30% in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province respectively in the past 5 years,which has been reduced to 949 m3/104t and 327 m3/104t respectively in 2015.In 2011—2015,the GDP of dredging per cubic meter in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province has been 15～20 times and 40～60 times higher than the current domestic dredging cost of the unit price respectively,which implies that the net economic benefit of the DNC dredging is considerable.With putting into operation of the Jiangsu reach of 12.5 m Deepwater Navigation Channel and rebuilding of the harbors and wharfs along the Yangtze River,the dredging benefit of the DNC will be further increased.

Abstract:We establish the physical model of Datengxia water conservancy project,verify the layout scheme of the upper entrance gate of Datengxia water conservancy project experimentally,and use the layout of the entrance channel of the upstream approach channel and the analysis of nearby terrain to optimize the engineering scheme.By adjusting the curvature and radius of the center line braking section,changing the connection form between the entrance gate and the upstream main channel,increasing the navigation piers and optimizing the ground elevation in the vicinity of the entrance area,etc.，the flow condition in the entrance area can meet the navigation requirements.The engineering quantity can be saved.

Abstract:In the filling or emptying process,due to irregular flow that might result in translatory wave,the surface fluctuation,flow velocity and flow pattern might change,and the lock operation and safety might be affected.In this paper,the generation mechanism and propagation characteristics of translatory waves are analyzed,and the estimation methods of translatory wave are given.Relevant regulations and measures to reduce the impact for translatory wave are introduced.

Abstract:The 5 000 DWT channel of Weifang West Port is located in Xiaoqing River estuary.Because of severe sedimentation,we design 5 000 DWT channel with breakwaters to improve the development of Weifang West Port，and put forward three layout schemes.Based on the wave,tidal flow and sediment mathematical model,we analyze the amount of silting for each planning scheme,also calculate the engineering construction cost of each planning scheme.Based on the analysis of life cycle cost (LCC),we confirm the short dyke as the optimal scheme after the comprehensive analysis.

Abstract:Loh rapids on the Lancang-Mekong River has the characteristics of curved,shallow,risks,narrow and rapids.Based on analysis of the site investigation data and results of the mathematic model calculation,this paper analyzes the causes of the rapids and the characteristics of the navigation.The rocks and cobblestones,which rushed out from Nile River by torrential flood,accumulate in estuary of the river and form an alluvial fan.In recent years,because of the development of the alluvial fan,river drainage section is occupied.Furthermore,the coastline is uneven.All those cause the water bend at the top of the rapids,and steep in the middle.It is difficult for ships to pass through rapids.In view of the causes and characteristics of Loh rapids,this paper puts forward the measures to combine the reefs and regulating structure in order to solve the problem of navigation.

Abstract:Based on analysis of topographic and hydrological data,we run an extended analysis of the characteristics of the riverbed evolution as well as the navigation obstructing at the Heishazhou Southern Waterway downstream the Yangtze River.The thought of waterway regulation is put forward.It shows that the change of erosion-deposition variation is relatively large when encountered flood years.The left channel scours and the middle and lower of right channel silt.The main reasons are that the overbank flow in the transition section of the channel increases during the flood period,division ratio of left channel increases along the way but right channel decreases,the central bar of the South channel bounded water flow limitedly,sediment transporting capacity in subcritical flow area of the right channel is insufficient and the scouring is not sufficient after the flood season.The basic idea of channel regulation should be to stable the favorable terrain pattern,intercept the overbank flow,limit the further development of the left channel erosion,and enhance the scouring of the right channel of the South Waterway.

Abstract:The safety of the existing structures,flow conditions,construction conditions and investment should be considered if building a new ship lock next to the one already built.Taking Honghua second-line ship lock for example,we analyze the layout of the existing hydropower complex and characteristics of the existing structures,and determine the construction object of the second-line ship lock.The principles and methods of site selection and planning are expounded,and technical and economic comparison is conducted among different schemes,which may serve as reference for similar projects.

Abstract:For determining the downstream maintenance water level of large navigation structures,we adopt the engineering analogy method to analyze the influential factors such as the natural reservoir inflow,peak regulation flow,backwater effect of the downstream cascade,as well as the influence to the reservoir inflow on the upstream cascades after construction.The result is obtained that the water level which has the minimum impact on the output of the powerhouse should be chosen as the maintenance water level of the navigation structures.

Abstract:In order to study the stability mechanism of the double-row steel sheet pile cofferdam system,the finite element method is used to analyze the parameters sensitivity of the backfill,aspect ratio and soil reinforcement of the cofferdam.On this basis,the definition and expression of double-row steel sheet piles cofferdam supporting system redundancy are proposed.The redundancy results of quantitative calculation are consistent with the engineering practice.The above analysis verifies the applicability and feasibility of the redundancy theory in double-row steel sheet piles cofferdam engineering.The practical engineering can optimize the design of the key factors affected the stability of double-row steel sheet-pile cofferdam system according to the redundancy analysis.

Abstract:In view of the correction of the measured indicators of the field vane shear tests,this paper expounds the various kinds of correction methods adopted in China and Europe.By the engineering examples,the various kinds of correction methods are compared and analyzed in detail.The results show that:the correction indicator is 55%～75% of the measured values using the European consolidation partition graph method which is the lowest among various correction methods,and it is generally conform with the numerical relationship between the long-term strength and peak strength of the soil.The indicator of consolidation partition graph method is safe and reliable,and the method is convenient and easy to operate,so it is recommended in practice.

Abstract:The method of vacuum dewatering united with dynamic compaction is widely used in the treatment of dredger fill subgrade.Based on the previous research and the engineering of soft soil foundation treatment on the harbor of Weifang,we study the effect of vacuum dewatering depth and soil permeability on dynamic compaction.The results show that with a reasonable layout of the tube wells of different depths,the effect is small even if the soil permeability changes greatly,and this united method works best when the dewatering depth is about 3 m.

Abstract:In view of characteristics such as high fine particle content,apparent structure,high organic content of soft subsoil of a project in Indonesia,we conduct lab vacuum preloading tests on undisturbed soft soil sample with high water are increased,the water content,void ratio and internal friction angle are decreased,and the compression module changes less.The structural integrity and consolidation situation would affect the drainage of vacuum preloading,so further in-situ test and study shall be conducted before starting the project.

Abstract:The distributing law of shaft friction about weathered rock is discussed based on super-long rock-socketed piles self-balanced load test in a hydraulic dock in east Africa and the conclusions are as follows:Firstly,the uplift shaft resistance of highly weathered rock y=1.534 2x+180.48;Secondly,the uplift shaft resistance of moderate weathered rock y=0.954 5x+353.5;Furthermore,compared with the moderate weathered rock,the shaft resistance about highly weathered rock is more sensitive about the relative displacement between piles and soils.

Abstract:This paper analyzes the characteristics and advantages of underwater glass fiber sleeve and introduces the application of glass fiber sleeve combining with the repair project of Zhapo oil depot wharf project,including the choice of key design parameters and construction technologies,construction process,as well as construction organization.The results show that glass fiber sleeve is a convenient and safe construction technology which can effectively repair the pile foundation and improve the durability.

Abstract:When the working environment of cutter suction dredgers is with strong wind and waves,it has a great influence on the work process,even possible to cause some serious accidents such as spud fracture.At present,the major measure is to take a shelter from the wind according to weather conditions,but the influence of waves on the cutter suction dredger’s work process is difficult to be quantified.The wave force is calculated by AQWA software,then the wave force is transmitted to the ship hull and spud and the bearing capacity of the spud is calculated by the finite element software.The research shows that the “Diantianniu” series electric cutter suction dredgers are able to work in the environment with a wave height of 1 m and a wave frequency of 0.167,but the force that is transmitted to the spud is close to the safe allowable stress.So if the wave height or frequency is still increasing,it should be considered to stop working.

Abstract:The large diameter cylinder pile with long tube is a kind of excellent pile type that developed in recent years which has good anti-strike and anti-bending ability,high durability and low cost.It can be replaced steel pipe pile in a certain range due to a strong ability to penetrate rock and sand.Taking the No.11 berthing project in Jiangyin Port,Fuzhou Port Area as an example,this paper applies the steel pipe pile,and the large diameter cylinder pile with long tube(composite pile of high strength pre-stressed concrete pipe pile+steel pile boots)as the foundation.The sinking pile is successfully completed.Compared with the traditional piles,the mechanical properties and cost of the long tube and large diameter cylinder pile have certain advantages.