Abstract:The improvement of soft foundation is characterized by large-area, tight construction period and great working difficulties. It turns to be a knot to treat the large-area and super-soft foundation effectively and rapidly at a low price. CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Institute has been engaged in the research on the treatment technology of the soft foundation and obtained many innovations. This paper introduces systematically these innovations from the theory, technology, monitoring and checking, as well as energy saving, which can be helpful for the design and construction of treatment for the large-area and super-soft foundation .

Abstract:The newly-built Luojing port area in Shanghai port is an integrative port which is a combination of iron ore, coal, steel and other bulk cargoes, and it is the world’s first port which provides distribution and other value-added services for the large steel companies. The brand new parallel layout mode for the comprehensive port of transshipment hub and logistics has been developed in the planning and design of Luojing port area. Based on the traditional arrangement methods of public port, using the logistics concepts of just in time (JIT) and lean production (LP), the cargo-handling technology and plane arrangement of port are optimized, the service level is elevated, and the port service chain is prolonged. The highly integration and synchronization of the logistics process is achieved. The deep coast and land resources are saved and energy consumption is reduced.

Abstract:Concept innovation and technology innovation are performed in the design works of Cuntan terminal of Chongqing port on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Under the construction conditions of typical mountainous terrain and a high wateramplitude up to 33 m, design innovation technologies, such as handling process by quayside container crane, pile-supported space frame wharf structure, step-yard layout and steep longitudinal road slope, have been successfully used for the first time in the river port. This provides a precedent example for the vertical container terminal with large water amplitude and will promote technology development in river port construction.

Abstract:The layout of a navigation-power junction must satisfy firstly relevant requirements of vessels passing through the dam. The layout of locks is the main factor of site selection and layout of the dam. Through some cases studies, the general requirements of site selection and layout of navigation dam are summarized. Both the straight reach and the curved reach in a river could be selected to arrange the navigation dam. The layout can be divided into two types: One is the concentrated layout and the other is the separated one. The focus of the former arrangement is the influence of discharge flow from the hydropower station and spillway on the lock, while the focus of the separated arrangement is the layout of the entrance area connecting the access channel to the lock and the river.

Abstract:This paper prescribes a movable voltage-variable & frequency-variable on-shore power supply system which successfully provides on-shore power for CSCL“New Fuzhou”Vessel at Waigaoqiao Terminal Phase II in Shanghai Port. The high-voltage power (10 kV/50 Hz/2 000 kVA) for the quay cranes is used as the power input of the supply system(450 V/60 Hz) for the berthing vessels after the frequency and voltage are converted. This system is flexible and has a positive effect on energy-saving and emission reduction. Besides, there’s no need of civil reconstruction to the container terminals, thus it is adaptable to the busy ports in China.

Abstract:Based on the review of the site selection and planning of Yangshan deepwater port, we find out that Yangshan deepwater port has unique geographical advantages, good natural conditions and considerable economic benefit and good social benefits. According to the variation of the seabed deposition and erosion after completion of the north harbor district, through comprehensive analysis based on the numerical simulation, physical model test and navigation simulation technology, we conclude that the half-branch scheme is safe and reasonable for the north harbor district of Yangshan deepwater port. Suggestions on the overall planning of Yangshan port are also given.

Abstract:Dongjiakou port area of Qingdao port is a newly developed port area, and the marine structures of the ore terminal is the first 400 000 DWT bulk cargo berthing pier, which is characterized by complicated wave and flow conditions, large engineering volume, great technical difficulties, and unfavorable construction conditions. We carried out a study on key technologies concerning the site selection, natural conditions, plan layout, handling technology, hydraulic structures, foundation treatment, as well as energy saving and environment protection, and the results may serve as a reference for the construction of open-type terminals.

Abstract:This paper outlines the status and function of water transport in the comprehensive transportation system of China, analyzes the development orientation of economy and industry and its main influences on water transport development in the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan on the background of the global financial crisis, probes into the current focus and difficult issues, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the development of water transport.

Abstract:A method unifying the regulated width and regulated water stage, i.e. B-Z curve method, is proposed on the basis of the“channel bed section method”for determining the relation curve based on“channel bed section method”. This method has obvious advantages.

Abstract:Through analyzing the hydrodynamic sediment conditions, remote sensing and seabed evolution, mathematical models of tidal current and sediment, wave models of SWAN, mild-slope equation and Boussinesq equation, physical model test of erosion by tidal current and wave, calculation of sedimentation and calculation of sudden sedimentation, etc., we studied the hydrodynamic sediment problems in the development of deepwater port in radial sandbanks, Rudong county, Jiangsu province. The research results show that the development of deepwater port in radial sandbanks is feasible with necessary technical measures taken.

Abstract:According to the feature of the project and the sea area, by TK-2D software and with irregular triangular grid, an integral mathematical model and a local refined one near project area of tidal current and sediment in Lingdingyang bay are set up. Verification and validation are carried out fully against measured data and numerical simulations of tidal current and suspended sediment field are made. The features of the tidal current field and the suspended sediment field of the Lingdingyang bay area are analyzed and the basis is established to demonstrate the effect of constructing Hongkong-Zhuhai-Mocao bridge on the sea area.

Abstract:The added resistance in waves is an important component of total resistance during floating transportation of immersed tunnel elements on the sea. The added resistance was calculated by hydrodynamics simulation software AQWA based on the potential flow theory. The geometrical and physical characteristics were decided by the 3D finite element model of the element and attachment structures, then a wetted surface model of the tunnel element was established to carry out the hydrodynamic analysis. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of parameters including depth of water, towing speed, wave spectrum and characteristics was made. The numerical results suggest that the added resistance when applying the P-M spectrum is greater than the results obtained from the JONSWAP spectrum, decreases with the increase of water depth, may be related to periods and directions of waves, is proportional to the square of wave height and proportional to towing speed as well.

Abstract:During the construction of the third stage of Improvement Project of Deep-water Channel of the Yangtze estuary, 6 ADCP hydrologic survey vessels were arranged to measure the diffusion condition of the suspended sediment via fixed synchronous cross section measurements, which was carried out in China for the first time. The result of suspended sediment diffusion field was observed when the dredged sediment was overflowed during dredging in channel and deposited in the disposal area in the north passage of the Yangtze Estuary during the tidal fluctuation period. According to that, the optimized construction method was improved.

Abstract:Based on the physical environment of the life prediction model for marine concrete structures in China, taking the Visual C #. NET and the IMSL C # library as the platform, we developed the life prediction software for marine concrete applicable to China, the System for Durability Life Prediction Healthily of Harbor and Marine Concrete Structures v1.0. The mathematical model and data of the software come from the main results of the Western communications construction project of the Ministry of Transport, Durability Life Prediction and Health Diagnosis of Marine Concrete Structures. This system has a broad application prospect in the actual production. By this system, we can realize the durability design for the new construction, and prediction of the remaining service life for the old construction.

Abstract:The corrosive environment and the characteristics of durability damage for marine concrete structures are summarized The development process of durability technology from 1980’s, the research on the durability technology and its application for marine concrete in China are described. Also, the durability technology for marine concrete is prospected.

Abstract:This paper summarizes the main innovation achievements of CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co., Ltd. on the construction techniques of large specialized open terminals, including the calculation of terminal loads, terminal general design, new terminal structure, etc. The engineering applications of these innovation achievements are described, and the problems needing further research are proposed during the“Twelfth Five-year Plan”.

Abstract:The tidal estuary is jointly influenced by the river flow and tidal current. The dynamic difference of the tidal current and river flow and their complex temporal and spatial variation result in obviously different characteristics of water and sediment in different river reaches. The characteristics should be taken into account during the study of estuary regulation. An intergraded method combining numerical model and physical model are consequently adopted in the estuary regulation. Due to the fact that numerical model and physical model have different features and application scopes, the research method and evaluation index should be reasonably selected according to the characteristics of water and sediment in a specific river reach and research purposes. Based on the practice of the Improvement Project of the Deep-draft Channel of the Yangtze Estuary, the application of comprehensive research of numerical model and physical model and their effects are presented.

Abstract:The navigation channel of the Yangtze River below the city of Nanjing has an excellent natural condition. With lots of water conservancy and waterborne projects underway, this channel possesses essential conditions for large-sized seagoing vessels sailing into the Yangtze River, but there exist some shallow areas that restrict the navigation benefits. In the 1990s, a research program for the systematic regulation of the deep-water channel of the Yangtze River below Nanjing was initiated. Based on the long-term research on the river process and channel situation, the construction thoughts of“integrated planning, implementing in stages, regulating from the lower to the upper, opening and then smoothing”, and the regulation principles of“taking the best time and circumstances, controlling the key part, implementing progressively, planning globally adapting to local conditions”, were gradually formed, which provides a technically-feasible scheme to realize the extension of the 12.5m deep-water channel in Yangtze River from the estuary to Nanjing.

Abstract:It is imperative to transform ports to the modern service industry. This paper discusses the way of establishing modern comprehensive logistics system centering on ports from four aspects including dry bulk logistics, container logistics, motor ro/ro logistics and dry port construction. Based on this system, the whole transportation process is controlled precisely and in real-time, and the control of the whole logistics chain is realized. This paper also expounds some attempts implemented by Shanghai Port in the process of transformation to the modern service industry.

Abstract:Based on the physical model experiment, this paper studies the wave run-up of the single sloping and composite sloping seawall under the irregular wave action, analyzes the influence of main factors such as wave steepness, slope, wave incident angle, as well as the width and elevation of the platform on the wave run-up, and obtains the calculation formula for the wave run-up of multi-platform seawall and accumulative frequency function. Comparing with the results of more than forty model experiments, this method has a better calculation accuracy, thus may serve as a reference for the engineering design.

Abstract:A new-type floating breakwater structure which consists of perforated circular arc, rectangle box and anchor-chain system is proposed based on the advantages of perforated circular arc structure and rectangle structure applications in the breakwater engineering. The relationship between hydrodynamic characteristic such as wave attenuation performance, movement and anchor-chain stress, etc., and relative width (W/L), relative draft (s/d), and other factors of the floating breaker was tested and researched by means of a regular wave physical model in a 2D wave flume, and then compared with the traditional box-type floating breakwater. The result indicates that the new-type floating breakwater has the hydrodynamic characteristics of good effect of wave-damping, small range of motion as well as small stress of anchor chain in the range of test.

Abstract:According to the navigation problem and through riverbed evolution, mathematical model and physical model, etc., we analyzed the rule of riverbed evolution and evolution trend, and carried out an in-depth research on the countermeasures of waterway regulation. The general ideas on the waterway regulation and regulation scheme were recommended to guarantee the existing favorable river regime and waterway pattern , and lay a foundation for the implementation of the follow-up regulation engineering.

Abstract:The recent 10 years are the fastest development period for China’s dredging industry. The current annual dredging production in China has exceeded 1 billion m3, and made China become the biggest dredging country in the world. During the 10 years, our dredging industry obtained more than 70 patents, and the core dredging technology has developed from simple imitation to independent innovation, and key systems and equipments have been self-researched and manufactured instead of import-dependence. After grasping the core technology, China has designed and built 90% of large dredgers, and the main force of dredgers is also advanced from small-medium sized dredgers to large-super large ones. The achievements had supported the upgrading of the entire dredging industry and caused tremendous change of dredging industry in the 10 years.

Abstract:There are a lot of innovations in Chongqing Chaotianmen Yangtze River Bridge project. The design, analysis and calculation based on the theory of classical mechanics were carried out by the analysis software such as the bridge structure design system, MIDAS, ANSYS and STS, and the drafting software such as AutoCAD, 3dsmas and Photoshop. The main achievements are as following: 1) Being the arch bridge with the longest span among all the existed ones; 2)Utilizing the spherical support with the largest bearing capacity up to now all over the world; 3)Adopting three kinds of materials and variable widths for the main truss rods, with the maximum thickness of 80 mm for the splicing plate, both were the first applications in China; 4) Adopting the prestressed system in the steel bridge permanent structure for the first time in China to reduce the steel consumption and cut down the cost; 5)Overcoming the most difficult points in the world including the traffic load of upper-lower ten-lane road and two-lane track, the construction of multi-cellular triumphal arched main pier, and the road-track dual purpose & arch-girder, etc.

Abstract:In order to improve the representativeness of data for the calculation of riding high tides in a long waterway at a tidal estuary, this paper presents the multi-station combined method for the calculation. Based on multi-station simultaneous tidal data, and taking the navigational mode, tidal wave propagation and other factors into account, this method can get a reasonable result of riding high tide level in a tidal estuarine waterway. The calculation based on Yangtze Estuary deepwater channel shows that, at the same tide-riding duration and cumulative relative frequency, the riding high tide level needed for a ship to sail into the estuary is bigger than that at a single station alongside, and esp. significantly bigger than that when the ship moving out. The design of a long navigational channel at a tidal estuary should identify a reasonable tide-riding mode according to the nature and strength of tides at local estuary and their comparison with run-off, the characteristics of ships’ navigation such as speed, sailing in/out with/without load, and depths along the channel, i.e. to define a suitable tide-riding length of the channel accordingly.

Abstract:Longitudinal cracks of PHC piles often occur during pile driving. The larger the pile’s diameter and the heavier the hammer is, the greater the probability of the occurrence of the longitudinal cracks will be. Based on the analysis of the pile driving mechanism, we propose to adopt PHC piles plus steel hoop to prevent effectively the longitudinal cracks in pile driving.

Abstract:To enhance the applicability of the trestle bridge for train ferries, a novel flexible linkspan is put forward which can be hinged to shore at one end and moved up and down and also left and right at the other end, and hence can be connected to various decks on board to facilitate the loading or discharging of rolling stock. The basic configuration of the flexible linkspan and the assembling feature of its main parts are presented with a description of its working mechanism. The key parameters of the flexible linkspan, such as transverse moving distance of the moving end, turning angle of the linkspan, overhang length of carlings, are also formulated. The initial research outcomes show that the new type of flexible linkspan is feasible and practical.

Abstract:The numerical simulations of tidal current and sediment are carried out after the implementation of the project of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge. The piers are treated as solid boundary and the grids near the piers are enriched. According to the results of the numerical simulation, the changes of tidal level, velocity of tidal current, tidal volume and the siltation and erosion of the underwater topography in nearby sea area after the implementation of the project are analyzed. The results show that the effect of constructing Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge on the hydrodynamic sediment environment is only limited to the vicinity of the bridge, and it has no negative effect on Lingding navigational channel and has no influence on the patterns of shoal and channels of Lingdingyang bay.

Abstract:This paper studies relevant ship dimensions, and carries out a numerical analysis of the up-coverage rate and the down-coverage rate based on the probability and statistics theory. Based on the data from intertanko’s standard tanker chartering questionnaire 88, this paper determines the typical dimensions for the berthing and mooring of tankes in large jetties.