Abstract:The river reach of Tongzhou shoal and Baimao shoal is influenced by both river discharge and tide. The hydrodynamics is complicated and river bed is active in siltation and erosion. Tongzhou shoal and Baimao shoal are two major obstacle shoals of the 12.5 m deepwater channel extending up to Nanjing in the Yangtze River.Based on hydrodynamic research results of the engineering river reaches, numerical and physical models are used to study the overall plain plan, tooth groin elevation of submerged dike for Tongzhou shoal and Baimao shoal, middle channel transition section elevation of Tongzhou shoal, and the suggested optimization plan. It is concluded that the optimization suggested plan can control the erosion and backward trend of Tongzhou shoal and Langshan shoal,stabilize the discharge diversion of the two branches, and form the bifurcation layout of north and south channels.

Abstract:The placing of concrete interlocking blocks at the left edge of Langshansha in the 12.5 m deepwater channel downstream Nanjing of the Yangtze River phase I project encountered a flow rate of 2 m/s and water depth of up to 30 m, which made the acting force of concrete interlocking blocks quite complicated. Based on the finite element analysis of the acting force on the concrete interlocking blocks, we point out the relationship between the current force and the moving distance of the ship. Based on the analysis of the key points of deepwater construction,we optimization the design scheme.

Abstract:The cargo and container throughputs of Shanghai port are both listed the first place in the world. However, with the increasing needs on port from the economic development, the growing development of the neighboring ports, as well as the advent of 18 000TEU super-large container ships and 400 000 t bulk carriers, Shanghai port’s own natural constraints become increasingly apparent, especially, the development of space is almost exhausted. In order to find the way of development of Shanghai port, some preliminary work has been done, and the consensus is more appropriate for building new deep-water terminals in Hengsha. This paper analyzes the difficulties which Shanghai port are facing, and conceives a development path based on the Hengsha east shoal in the future.

Abstract:Based on Shanghai Yangtze River tunnel, the settlement rules of dike top plane were studied when tunnel penetrate dike with numerical simulation method. It is found that the radius and convergence rate of tunnel have relative simple influence on settlement of dike top plane, while elastic modulus of dike, thickness of soil clay uplapping tunnel and distance between two tunnels have relative complicated influence on settlement of dike top plane; the settlement of dike top plane increase when the radius and convergence rate of tunnel increase; the maximal settlement and maximal difference settlement of dike top plane right above tunnel decrease when the elastic modulus of dike increase, and tend to a steady value; the maximal settlement and maximal difference settlement of dike top plane right above tunnel decrease when the thickness of soil clay uplapping tunnel increase, and then decrease slowly when the thickness of soil clay uplapping tunnel is over 20 m; the settlement of dike top plane increase with the increment of distance between two tunnels when the distance is less than 10 m, and it is inverse when the distance is over 10 m; the maximal settlement and maximal difference settlement of dike top plane have S shape relation with the distance between two tunnels. The following conclusions can be drawn that the measures such as enlarging the elastic modulus of dike, reducing the convergence rate of tunnel, taking appropriate radius, thickness of soil clay uplapping tunnel and distance between two tunnels, in order to reduce the settlement rules of dike top plane when tunnel penetrate dike.

Abstract:It is a common method to estimate the design wave parameters by wind wave hindcasting method in the case that there is no observed hydrologic data at engineering site. This paper discusses the defect in the nomogram for calculating deep-sea wind wave factors in Chinese Code of Hydrology for Sea Harbor, and analyzes it comparatively with wind wave hindcasting method in a new edition of Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM) by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The conclusions will be references to hindcast wind wave in higher accuracy for coastal and offshore engineering practice in China.

Abstract:This paper considers the nonlinear transformation of irregular waves propagating over a steep slope (1:10). Two experimental cases of random waves mechanically generated by JONSWAP spectra are used for this purpose. The results indicate that the wave heights in two cases obey the Rayleigh distribution both at the offshore location and on top of the slope, but, in the shoaling region, they behave different characteristic. The nonlinear phase coupling occurred within the irregular waves is investigated by the wavelet-based bicoherence. The bicoherence spectra reflect that, in the shoaling region, with the decrease of water depth, the number of frequency modes participated in the phase coupling increase, and the degree of the phase coupling enhances. In addition, the summed bicoherence shows that the frequency mode related to the local strongest nonlinear interactions shifts to higher harmonics with the decrease of water depth. This paper also investigates how the low frequency energy increases by the Fourier spectra, bicoherence spectra and summed bicoherence.

Abstract:In the design of breakwaters, on the basis of guaranteeing the stability, optimum types of protection are chosen to reduce the overtopping and thus decrease the construction cost. The roughness and permeability coefficients are introduced in most recent calculations of overtopping, illustrating the effect of protection on the overtopping rate. However, this influence can be variable according to different locations for the protection types.Therefore a modeling experiment is conducted in present study to investigate the effect of flat and shoulder types on the rate of overtopping under irregular wave conditions.When different protections are used to reduce the overtopping, not only the roughness and permeability, but also the positions of the protection should be considered.The effect will be better when the protection is putted in the swash area, which can be a reference for the design of breakwaters.

Abstract:Based on the summary of the influential factors of CSD and analysis of a large number of data about cutter suction dredger, this paper discusses a yield optimizing method combining with the balance of construction experience and data analysis. This method has been proved of great practical value by the real engineering.

Abstract:Multi-purpose dredging support vessels are very important to ensure the dredgers continuously work efficiently, especially directly affect the effective dredging time in the open waters. This paper describes the foreign series of such ships and the configuration of such ships of the European four dredging companies, and summarizes the characteristics of them. According to the requirements of the design techniques, the paper provides a conceptual design of the target ship and calculates or selects the main technical performance, then gives the program to install bed leveling function and injection water dredging function.

Abstract:Three-dimensional model test in wave basin is set up combined with the project of all-purpose wharf in Jinghai district of Jieyang harbor. The design wave parameters for the wharf structure and the revetments are obtained in wave basin. Also, the overtopping on wharf surface and the distribution of wave heights are studied in the experiment. Based on the test, the wave heights distribution in different layout schemes is analyzed to determine the optimal scheme and provides a scientific basic for the design and construction of the harbor. Meanwhile, the effect of excavation of navigation channel and harbor basin on wave transmission and wave conditions in harbor is briefly discussed.

Abstract:Based on the dike constructed by explosive squeezing mud and stone-filling method in deep soft ground of No. 4 & No. 5 berth at Kemen port, Luoyuan bay, Fujian province, this paper establishes the stability analysis model of dike by Midas/GTS finite element program. The safety factors of stability are solved based on the strength reduction theory, and the effects on stability of relevant parameters of filling stone are discussed.

Abstract:Plane sliding is a simple form of the rock slope sliding. Insufficient homogeneous rock slope due to shear plane sliding is the major object of study. By assuming the iteration of the relationship between the failure surface and the angle of internal friction, we obtain the safety factor. Considering the limit equilibrium, using different reduction methods and reduction factors with are compared with those of the finite element method, we obtain the relationship among all physical quantities, and find the main reference for determining the doublestrength reduction factors, which may serve as reference for further study of the field.

Abstract:AutoCAD is widely used for designing and printing breakwater section, which is an important part of offshore engineering design. In order to simplify the complicated process and provide designers with pertinent guidelines and comments based on rules and regulations, this study develops a CAD-based software using AutoLISP language to achieve our goals. In the process of programming, the design procedure has been divided into several subprograms with different purposes with their own design processes, which can ensure that all parameters necessary for the design can be included and calculated without mistakes. Moreover, the program has analyzed several types of breakwater and provides design functions for each type of breakwater in the software. Through software testing and practical application, the software is characteristic of its stable performance and effective calculation and all the design breakwater sections meet the requirement of rules and regulations.

Abstract:Flexible mattress for bed protection of estuary regulation structure may produce deformation when the river bed nearby regulation structures encounters erosion. It plays an important role to find out the deformation conditions and position of original flexible mattress in safety and stability of regulation structure and the rectification effect of the estuary. Taking the detection of flexible mattress for bed protection in New Liuhesha beach protection project as an example, and through the detection scheme design and field inspection, we obtain the comprehensive detection technology of flexible mattress for bed protection under complex condition of high turbidity estuary. It provides a basis for the follow-up work. It not only meets the engineering need but also provides reference for similar work in the future.

Abstract:Based on a large number of test data of corroded reinforced concrete beam, flexural stiffness degradation coefficient about different corrosion methods and corrosion rate are obtained and a theoretical calculation formula of beam flexural stiffness degradation coefficient and rebar corrosion rate is fit. Then the reliability and accuracy of the formula are verified through the new reinforced concrete test beam of accelerated corrosion test.

Abstract:The elevated pile foundation structure is a common hydraulic structure type in Shanghai region. In recent years, structural instability problems often happened due to foundation scour in front of the retaining wall and heaped load behind the retaining wall. Based on the practical engineering and theoretical calculation, and using ANSYS finite element analysis software, the paper analyzes factors which influence the adaptability to elevated pile foundation structure of quay unearthed height, and proposes optimization schemes of the section design.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of domestic and overseas practical cases of wharves and discussion on the determination methods for the liquid bulk cargo terminal in the codes for port construction of English, America,Japan and OCIMF (Oil Companies International Marine Forum), it is pointed out that for wharves in the open sea, the restrain in the transverse direction is more important than in the longitudinal direction; The adoption of larger horizontal angle and moderate length of the mooring line can effectively reduce the berth length; The berth length can be determined by 1.1～1.3 times of the typical vessel length for a single berth in the open sea.

Abstract:Taking a floating pontoon wharf in Wuhan as an example, we analyze the effect of pile diameter,pile spacing and raking shores on the internal force and deformation of positioning piles of pontoon wharfs under four different conditions by Midas Civil software, and give the more reasonable range of pile diameter and pile spacing,serving as a reference for the design of positioning pile of pontoon wharf.

Abstract:There often exists that the ship berthing operation beyond design ship specifications, which has a great risk of safety. Taking the ship berthing of a high-pile pier as a study case, we carry out a test and analysis of the berthing capacity of wharf structures. This paper presents the test contents and method, and analyzes the test result, aiming at exploring a direct and reliable method for the test and evaluation of the wharf’s berthing capacity.

Abstract:This paper analyses the bearing force characteristics of cylindrical caisson, compares the internal force and deformation of three types of cylindrical caissons based on a project example, and calculates the steel bars and the width of the crack, the results of which indicate that the internal force and deformation of cylindrical caissons without partition are the maximum, but in this project three types of cylindrical caissons all satisfy the requirements.It is recommended that in the design of cylindrical caissons, we shall take cylindrical caisson without partition into account firstly, and consider other types with partitions when it can’t satisfy the requirements.

Abstract:The determine of the pontoon-wharf’s mooring force, which has a direct decisive effect to pontoonwharf’s stability and safety. And there are many influence factors on the pontoon-wharf’s, so, combine with a pontoon-wharf example, apply MIDAS finite element analysis software to analyze and calculate the main influence factors of the pontoon-wharf’s mooring force, and get the main influence factors that affects pontoon-wharf’s mooring force including water level, current, wind load, ship factors and so on. Lastly, sum up the regulations of affecting pontoon-wharf’s mooring force. Through the study on pontoon-wharf’s mooring force influence factors, provide the basis for the design and application, which has certain guiding significance to stability and security of engineering design.

Abstract:This paper analyzes the reasonable slope for heavily loaded truck from two aspects, i.e. truck and ship respectively. Taking common heavy dump truck and general river ship as the research object, this paper analyzes emphatically the value of slope limited by climbing ability, downhill performance and design water depth.The results show that the range of reasonable slope is from 5.5% to 9%. The greater the truck weight, and the deeper the ship draft, the less range of choice on the rive slope, which even tends to a fixed value. Meanwhile, the length of the slope should be no more than 150m,and the speed of the vehicle should be controlled within 10km/h.

Abstract:The allocation of quay cranes and yard trucks is related to the efficiency of the container terminal which is important to the handing of container. According to the division pile up of the container yard and berths’loading and unloading requirements, the quay cranes operation time and container trucks transportation time are considered. To improve the efficiency of the container terminal, this paper puts forward the cooperation optimization model of quay cranes and container trucks, so as to minimize the total time. The results of the model prove that the optimized model is helpful for the decision-making of port management.

Abstract:Based on experiment, observed in-situ data and results of the literature, the macroscopic dynamic reasons for change of back silting amount in the deepwater channel project at north passage of the Yangtze estuary are studied. The results show that: 1) Compared with the dry season, the long-period waves in the flood season increase significantly, the proportion of wave energy with the period range of 8.0s to higher in total wave energy increases from 3.2 % in the dry season to 40.6% in the flood season; 2) High-energy wave motion produces significant adverse effects on siltation in navigation channel at the north passage, it is closely related to the increase of back silting amount; 3) The current scouring capability in the north channel along the way increases after the channel depth dredged to 12.5 m, it is beneficial for the sediment in channel to move higher; 4) The quantity of own sediment exchange in the mouth bars of the Yangtze estuary is far more than that from upstream, flood is not the dominant macro power reason that causes significant change of back silting amount in the deepwater channel project at the north passage; 5) Wave is the dominant macro power reason that causes significant change of back silting amount in the deepwater channel project at the north passage, in the future “wave dissipation” should become one of the guiding principles that shall not be ignored in design research work of deposition reduction project of the deepwater channel project at the north passage and waterway regulation engineering at the south passage, the north channel and the north branch of the Yangtze estuary.

Abstract:Deep-water channel in Yangtze River reach below Nanjing is located in a tidal reach, and how to calculate its design lowest navigable water level is an essential work to the technical demonstration of its channel construction. According to a preliminary demonstration and analysis, some basic conclusions are obtained as follows:the initial base plane of existing channel depth for Yangtze River reach below Nanjing shall not be regarded as its design lowest navigable water level and it shall not be easily adjusted; its design lowest navigable water level shall be calculated by adopting a recommended method listed in Code of Hydrology for Sea Harbor and is necessarily adjusted in the light of a change in hydrological conditions; the design water depth at very few sections should be larger than 12.5 m.

Abstract:This paper analyses the bearing force characteristics of cylindrical caisson, compares the internal force and deformation of three types of cylindrical caissons based on a project example, and calculates the steel bars and the width of the crack, the results of which indicate that the internal force and deformation of cylindrical caissons without partition are the maximum, but in this project three types of cylindrical caissons all satisfy the requirements.It is recommended that in the design of cylindrical caissons, we shall take cylindrical caisson without partition into account firstly, and consider other types with partitions when it can’t satisfy the requirements.

Abstract:Due to the bad weather, large flow in flood season, and maintenance of lock, a large number of ships wait lockage at the Three Gorges dam, and the berth of anchorage faces a serious shortage. This paper establishes queuing models of anchorage by the queuing theory to evaluate the scale of anchorage on the basis of statistics, which provides a reasonable basis for the study on the construction scale of the anchorage of the Three Gorges.

Abstract:Based on the field data on early stage of the Three Gorges Reservoir, we analyze the sedimentation deposition in the typical curved reach of Longwangtuo and Niushiqi, which shows that Longwangtuo reach emerges a cumulative deposition trend, and the cumulative deposition is about 0.678 million cubic meters; Niushiqi reach started deposition from 2007, and siltation mainly appears in the deep channel. It continued deposition in 2008, and about 0.208 million cubic meters sands were deposited to 2010. From a long-term point of view, deposition in the curved reach will be more serious with the rise of the water level, so it′s necessary to pay enough attention to navigation obstruction possibly occurring.

Abstract:Based on the investigation of the crack on lock’s concrete structure built and under construction, this paper analyzes the cause of the crack combining the engineering practice of Shiqiao third line ship lock. It puts forward a more comprehensive technology on prevention and control of the concrete crack, such as the optimization of concrete mix ratio based on the simulation analysis of anti-shrinkage and crack resistance of concrete; use of the liner templates in dehydration construction technology to improve the surface’s crack resistance; polystyrene external thermal insulation technology; optimization of structural design, as well as improvement of boundary constraint conditions. The integrated application of crack prevention and control may serve as reference for the scientific research, design, supervision and construction.

Abstract:This paper analyzes the thermodynamic parameters of the upper lock soleplate’s concrete. The three-dimensional finite element heat-transfer model, combined with genetic algorithm, is used to determine the heating rate formula of lock soleplate. Based on the formula, this paper numerically analyzes the three-dimensional transient temperature field of lock soleplate and compares the analyzed results with the prototype observed ones.The analyzed and compared results show that the maximum discrepancy in the time history between calculated values and prototype observed ones is 1.1% and that the results of inverse analysis could meet the project accuracy requirements. Also, it verifies that inverse analysis on the thermodynamic parameters of temperature rise law of concrete adiabatic combined with three-dimensional finite element and prototype observation is feasible. The process of inverse analysis displays that the rapidity of genetic algorithm makes up for the computation increased by three-dimensional model.

Abstract:The scheduling of lock is a multi-objective nonlinear programming problems, the main task is to determine what vessels and their respective row in the relative position of lock. In order to solve this problem, the mathematical model of this problem is constructed and through the research scheduling algorithm, experimental proof the utilization ratio of lock chamber is increased and the working efficiency is improved.

Abstract:According to the layout of the navigation aids in Three Gorges fluctuating backwater waterway,the remote metering and control terminal for the navigation aids was developed by wireless sensor network module.Based on the acceleration and GPS sensors, the collision and drift warning method was proposed, and in combination with the application of the Yangtze River’s electronic navigation charts, the remote metering and control software was developed. The remote metering and control system for the navigation aids in the Lianhuabei control channel was established, which provides demonstration for the application of the Internet of things technology in inland waterways.

Abstract:Stability analyses of lateral slide and soft foundation extrusion are required only in codes about application of geosynthetics The practical location of vertical boundaries of sliding body always doesn’t coincide with that postulated by present methods for stability analysis of lateral slide and soft foundation extrusion and the influence of spread of superimposed stress can’t be taken into account by present methods. It is proposed that location of vertical boundaries of sliding body isn’t limited at shoulder or toe of fill and the superimposed stress is calculated by Flamant solution to overcome shortcomings of present methods. It is shown by analysis that stability analyses for circular slide, lateral slide and soft foundation extrusion should all be carried out for fill on soft foundation, vertical boundaries of sliding body with minimum safety factor of stability aren′t often at shoulder and toe of fill and the safety factors of stability calculated by the proposed method are often different from those calculated by present methods.

Abstract:Bending tests of six large-diameter post-tensioned prestressed concrete piles are carried out by the four-point bending method, and the cracking capacity and ultimate bearing capacity are obtained. The results of bending tests are compared with those for other piles widely used in China. The results show that the flexural performance of large-diameter post-tensioned prestressed concrete pile is better than that of other piles, so we can conclude that the ultimate flexural capacity of concrete piles can be improved by increasing the effective prestress within a small range. We also find that the length of cantilever is important in bending test, and the recommendable length of cantilever is between 0.08L and 0.1L.

Abstract:In the soft ground treatment by vacuum preloading, the horizontal and vertical influence scope caused by the vacuum preloading is essential to the soft ground treatment project. Based on the CSR rail vehicle maintenance-built base’s large area soft ground treatment project, according to the monitoring data of surface settlement, vacuum degree and pore water pressure of different depths in the loading area, as well as the surface settlement and horizontal displacement outside the loading area, we get the influence scope of soft ground treatment by vacuum preloading which can provide reliable data and serve as reference for the design and construction of similar projects in the Pearl river delta region.

Abstract:With the increase of the thickness of rubble bed, and under the condition the explosive tamping method usually can’t be adopted because of environmental constraints, this paper recommends a renovation of the conventional heavy tamping compaction method, i.e. adopting super-heavy hammer and larger dividing thickness of the rubble bed. Firstly, the heavy-weight hammer is designed; Secondly, the resistance coefficient of surrounding flow and effective tamping energy is adopted by the finite element method; Thirdly, the effective reinforced depth of rubble bed is estimated with effective tamping energy. On this basis, the dividing thickness of rubble bed is increased to 4 meters. The construction results of Sonyu harbour in Xiamen showed that the improved process of heavy tamping compaction got a good result, as the average compacted rate reached as high as 14.85% and the efficiency increased significantly. It may serve as reference for similar engineering practices.

Abstract:The occurrence of qty calculation for revolver structure is widespread in breakwater project, and the section-centroid method is one superior solution. This essay proves the dependability of this method firstly, analyzes its restricted scope and structure, the program to locate centroid point and the method to ascertain density of sections after that, and finally demonstrates its application and superiority with a actual project. This method can increase the calculation efficiency notably, decrease approving time, and create project benefit having the aim of computer program.

Abstract:In order to ensure safety, heavy cranes and ships are usually used for installation of heavy caissons in un-shielded sea. But the cost control of heavy cranes and ships is difficult because of high fees. Taking the caisson installation of coal wharf and breakwater of Fujian Hongsan Power Station as an example, this paper summarizes the cost control and construction organization of the installation of large caissons using the normal floatable crane under the condition of un-shielded sea, which may serve as reference for similar projects.