Abstract:To reduce the water block rate of the Zhuhai-Macau frontier port artificial island designed in the feasibility study phase, we ingeniously make use of Macau-Mingzhu area’s geomorphologic feature of projecting outward to the east to adjust the layout of Zhuhai connecting route island, and obtain a good result that the water block rate of the Zhuhai-Macau frontier port artificial island decreases by 37 percent. Meanwhile, the cost, construction period and construction difficulty are reduced. The optimal design thoughts and methods in line with local conditions using for the general layout of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macau bridge Zhuhai-Macau frontier port artificial island reclamation work gain the affirmation of examination and appraisal experts for the preliminary design, and thus may serve as a reference for the general layout of similar artificial island projects on river estuarine zone and nearby the main land.

Abstract:According to the feature of Dalian offshore airport artificial island project and the sea area, hydrodynamic and sediment transport models were set up. Verification and validation were carried out against measured data. Details were given about the variations of nearshore hydrodynamic characteristics of Jinzhou Bay with the construction of artificial island engineering. And the influence on the sea bed, with the transportation of sediment considered, was computed. The outcomes of the study lay a foundation for the feasibility analysis of the Dalian offshore airport artificial island exploitation.

Abstract:A depth-averaged 2-D numerical model for unsteady tidal flow in estuaries is established based on the finite volume method on orthogonal curvilinear grid. The 2-D shallow water equations are solved by the SIMPLER algorithm technique. Taking Jiangyin waterway of the Yangtze River as a study example, we apply the moving boundary and “condensation” technique to the numerical simulation of the two-dimensional tide flow and solve the problem of mobile boundary with the water level. The calculation and its verification show that the calculated processes of tidal level and current coincide fairly well with the field data, and the flow field of calculation is reasonable. The depth averaged velocity data and grid data are transformed to colorized velocity profile in AutoCAD for intuitive analysis.

Abstract:It is extremely rare that the caisson was affected under 13.62 m wave height of distant breaking wave in the construction of bulkhead quay. Under such a big wave height, the caisson was affected by the wave top pressure and wave bottom pressure, and the influence on the caisson’s stability is great. For obtaining a reasonable solution to the problem, this paper carried out a stability calculation of anti-slide and anti-overturning through the combined method of stressed analysis, calculation and physical model test for the caissons C6, C7 and C8 in phase Ⅰ project of Yantai west port area. The result coincided with that of physical model test. Based on the principle of soil mechanics, we put forward the combined weighting scheme for the installed and backfill caisson through behind backfill and pore filling sand for the caisson under the action of big wave height of distant breaking wave. With the method of earth pressure against wave pressure’s effect, the stability requirements of caisson’s anti-slide and anti-overturning can be satisfied and thus the safety of construction ensured.

Abstract:Based on a description of the calculation of slip velocity, we analyze the advantages and weaknesses of the algorithms proposed by Pan Jiazheng and Wang Yang , and put forward a more reasonable method which adds water resistance and water pressure difference method to the above methods. The concept of fluid resistance to the actual project named E’gongdai ancient landslide is applied. Based on five different optimization methods of the above two methods, and combining with E′gongdai ancient landslide, we calculate the acceleration and velocity of landslide. Considering the effect of cohesion, water pressure difference of both sides of slice and water resistance on the on the sliding velocity, we know that the effect of the above three factors on the sliding velocity decreases.

Abstract:During the EPC project construction, design management is a very important part for the quality control, cost control and progress control. Taking an EPC port project as an example, this paper expounds some methods and opinions on the design management in the preparation and implementation stages to achieve the design goals in schedule, quality and cost control.

Abstract:As a new pile foundation, the crew pile has been used in civil engineering, roads and bridges, etc. because of its good bearing capacity, but recently the bearing mechanism of screw pile has not been studied deeply. In order to study the bearing mechanism and calculation method of bearing capacity of screw pile, under the foundation of previous research work, through theoretical analysis, we investigate the vertical bearing mechanism of the screw pile, analyze the calculation method of bearing capacity when the ultimate bearing capacity has not reached the ultimate capacity, and gain the calculation formula of the resistance of pile segment and the vertical ultimate bearing capacity, which provides a theoretical support for further study and application of the screw pile.

Abstract:Blasting engineering usually has great influence on adjacent buildings, for this edge load may cause some harm. Combining with characteristics of the blasting loads in blasting numerical simulation, the equivalent load was applied to the line of centers or the surface of blast hole in the same row to simulate explosion effect based on the Saint Venant’s principle, after making the blasting load applied to the blast hole wall equivalent by the equivalent applying method of the blasting load. Based on the equivalent load applying method, the three-dimensional entity model was used to calculate and analyse the effects of Donghai bridge in the far field of blasting construction on the stability of existing structures. The largest single explosive charge of different positions, different working conditions and different vibration response were calculated. Based on these results, the dangerous area of bridge structure was analyzed under the effects of the blasting edge load, the control of blasting quantity was put forward in different distances, which may serve as a reference for similar projects.

Abstract:In the vertical breakwater reliability analysis, f, the friction coefficient of structure and the foundation bed, G, structure’s self weight, MG, the moment of stability induced by G, are often taken as constant values. But their impacts on the calculation results should not be ignored. Taking the breakwater in Qinhuangdao as an example, we verify the impact of structure’s weight and the friction coefficient taken as variables to the breakwater’s reliability. The JC method, mapping transformation method and Monte Carlo simulation method are used to calculate the reliability of the breakwater while f, G, MG are taken as constant value or variables. It is concluded that to take f, G, MG as variables is more reasonable. The variation of f makes little impact on the reliability calculation results, while the variation of G and MG makes much.

Abstract:Based on finite element software Plaxis, this paper researches the stability of diseased retaining wall of reservoir bank that reinforced by pile-plank structure, and analyses the change rules of its safety factor with water level. The results show that using pile-plank structure to reinforce the diseased retaining wall of reservoir bank can effectively control the displacement of wall, obviously improve the safety factor. And the safety factor does not always reduce with the rise of water level , but presents a significant sunken type, that is the most adverse water level between the low water level and high water level, it can be find out with finite element method. The method proposed in this paper overcomes the shortcomings that safety factor of the retaining wall is not minimum for choosing wrong water level, and it is proposed to be used in calculations of important hydraulic structures.

Abstract:Based on the features of port engineering, we analyze the characteristics of concrete filled steel tubular arch bridge’s wind load in port engineering and the calculation method of the wind load, contrast the differences of 5 different standards on the calculation method for the arch rib truss’s wind load, and discover problems and inadaptability of some current design codes. We suggest to correct the calculation parameters and recommend to use BS5400 Part 2 (2006) : Specification for Loads to calculate the arch rib truss’s wind load of concrete filled steel tubular arch bridge’s in port engineering. We also give an exposition on the improper level reverse force on the support due to the transverse wind load in the space analysis, and the countermeasures for releasing the level reverse force.

Abstract:Based on the rise of the demand for the trade transportation, ports of East Asia are becoming the leader of global supply chain system. But in the meantime several problems exist, so the trade cost could be reduced further. Firstly, the performance and competition of East Asia’s ports are focused from the angle of global supply chain, and the position of Chinese ports is emphasized especially. It is concluded that East Asia’s ports will expand investment continuously to make the supply meet the demand, the recombination of global supply chain caused by the earthquake in Japan would result in the structural change of port logistics, and East Asia’s economy will strengthen port cooperation to accommodate regional integration.

Abstract:Facing the challenges of super large iron ore vessels to China’s ports, the paper analyzes the current situation of iron ore terminals of China and discusses the challenges of 400 000 DWT vessels to the infrastructure, transportation system and terminal layout of China’s port industry, and puts forward countermeasures including starting the research on the port layout, adjusting the transportation system, improving the management level, and searching for cooperation strategy, etc.

Abstract:This paper expounds the interrelationship between the port logistics and regional economy and analyzes the relativity between Chongqing port logistics and economy based on the grey synthetically relational degree, which reveals that the two are highly relative. According to the level of coordination between the two aspects using the multi-dimension grey GM(1, N) mode, it is drawn that Chongqing port logistics and economic are coordinate as a whole and have a certain development ability, but there are some un-cooperative factors between them. Based on the research result, this paper puts forward suggestions for promoting the development of port logistics, and realizing good interaction between port logistics and regional economy.

Abstract:In view of the current excessive construction of cruise ship terminals in China, this paper carries out an evaluation on port cities to be developed into cruise terminals using the DEA model. Based on the analysis of the factors and conditions of the construction of cruise ports, this paper builds the index system of the cruise terminals and carries out an analysis of the assessment results, to determine the functional orientation of cruise terminals, i.e. development preference of international cruise terminal or international cruise berthing port.

Abstract:The analysis and evaluation of the level of energy saving and emission reduction of ports is essential for achieving the goal of saving and reduction. Taking the dominance of the order and diversity among various indicators into account, and using the multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation method combined with indicator order, we determine the weight coefficient, and conduct the empirical evaluation on the energy saving level of five ports. The result of evaluation accords with the level of port energy reduction at the current stage. So the method is both operational and practical.

Abstract:On the basis of China port’s current requirements and development status in energy saving, we establish the port energy saving evaluation system, using AHP to determine the weight of each index, and based on AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to get scores of port energy conservation in order to judge the advantage and disadvantage of port energy saving. Moreover, we evaluate the energy saving work of Qingdao port comprehensively, the results of which may serve as a reference for energy conservation in port and other industry.

Abstract:Majishan unloading port in Baogang locates in the open seas where the engineering region is deepwater with exposed batholiths as the geological conditions. The designed pile foundation is rock-socketed pile with the artificial foundation bed filled with packed sand and macadam, with the expectation of fulfilling the requirement of stability of rock-socketed steel pipe piles during the construction period. To obtain the stability conditions of the single bent rock-socketed steel pipe piles, a physical model test is carried out under the influence of waves and currents. As can be obtained from the test, the main influencing factors are the depth of rock-socketed pile and the length of artificial foundation bed. The number of piles should be 4 on condition that the depth of rock-socketed pile is 45 centimeters high and the length of artificial foundation bed is 7 meters long with the identical water level and wave height.

Abstract:This paper analyzes the project cost components of three structures of a container terminal in the preliminary design stage which provides the optimal direction for the designers and builders. The comparison results show that the program cost plug-in steel cylinder has an evident advantage. The cost of gravity caisson structure is comparatively high, but it has great advantages in using of the pier. The results provide a theoretical basis for decision-makers to choose the final construction program.

Abstract:This paper expounds the general situation of Yuedong LNG terminal engineering, hazardous characteristics of the LNG shipping, as well as the maneuverability of the LNG carrier, demonstrates on the location, general layout, harbor basin, waterway, and anchorage of the LNG terminal from the aspects including the ship navigation environment and safety perspective, and analyzes the security requirement on the tug, safety management, and maritime supervision.

Abstract:For the promotion of prestressed technology in lock engineering application, combining the specific application of the Yingshang lock, using three dimensional numerical simulation method, the crack resistance of prestressed dock-type lock chamber was detailed analyzed, the technical and economic advantages and disadvantages were discussed compared with the reinforced concrete lock chamber, and the corresponding improvements were also proposed. The results were shown that the prestressed dock-type lock chamber structure had certain advantages in the structure stress performance, durability and economy.

Abstract:The regulation of Taicang-Nantong deep-water fairway in Yangtze River is the first project of a 12.5 m deep-water fairway built in Jiangsu province. Since the river reach is located in a crossing of tidal estuary of the Yangtze River, it is characterized by a frequent alternative change in runoff and tidal flow, an intricate and changeable water and sediment movement and an acute erosion and deposition of islands and bars, so its fairway condition is highly unstable and it is difficult to be regulated. Through a long-term measurement and analysis, the regularities of riverbed evolution is discriminated and contributing factors to cause navigation-obstructing shoal zones are revealed, and an in-depth study are carried out from different regulation countermeasures such as dredging, the overall control of shapes of islands and bars and the control of key boundaries of islands and bars, thereby forming a regulation concept of“stabilizing main boundary of fairway and enhancing the ebb-tide dynamics of shoal zones”. At present, a regulation scheme of controlling the key boundary of islands and bars, and utilizing the function of a river dynamic extension project has been examined and approved, and will be implemented.

Abstract:Proper development of the north channel will reduce the navigation pressure of the south channel, smooth the Yangtze waterway, and broaden the coastline application at the Yangtze estuary. By analyzing the development conditions of the north channel, we research the development scale and schedule of it. It is concluded that at the present stage, we may regulate the north channel and construct a 5 000 DWT channel with the natural water depth so as to reduce partially the navigation pressure; In the near future, we can develop the 8m-deep-water channel and realize navigation of 20 000 DWT ships; As for the mid & long term, we shall regulate the north channel comprehensively and develop a 10 m-deep channel to satisfy the navigation of 30 000 DWT ships.

Abstract:Based on the prototype model test of the open diversion channel used for flow discharge and navigation during the construction of Cuijiaying junction, we study the erosion-deposition variation in the channel and analyze the effect of the protection works and the rationality of the protected range according to the flow regime and velocity in different discharges. These research results show that the protected works are stable in general, and these protection works are very effective, especially the works for bank slope, almost none of them are destroyed; Some toe protection works in the downstream of the channel are destroyed badly, so the protected range of theses works should be widened for the stability of the bank slope; Moreover, the protected range in the downstream of the channel can be properly extended.

Abstract:Lianyungang port 300 000 DWT waterway is a typical deep waterway in the mucky shallows of open waters characterized by large excavation thickness, long waterways, large engineering scale and complex construction conditions. By research, the nature of the seabed and beach stability, hydrodynamic sediment conditions, waterway sedimentation, waterway route selection, navigation security, and other major technical problems, are basically solved. The results not only lay a solid foundation for the follow-up study design Lianyungang port waterway, but also may serve as a reference for the construction of other mucky shallows deep water channel. The main technical problems are summarized.

Abstract:Based on the stream characteristics of the Lancang river, we establish the generalized model test about the scour depth of the groyne head of the mountainous river. According to the long-duration equilibrium scour experiments, we analyze the influential factors of the scour depth around groyne heads. Based on the test data of the generalized model, we set up the calculation formula for the scour depth of a spur dike with velocity v as the main parameters, which is proved more reasonable after comparing with other formulas, and tested by scour depth material of the natural river, showing that the calculated values are in accordance with measured values. The research offers a reference for ensuring the embedded depth of spur dikes and accumulates experience for regulating others rivers of the same type.

Abstract:The load acted on the lock wall should be simplified on the floor when the Ge’s table lookup method is utilized in the structure calculation of the lock’s dock. This paper makes calculations of different load simplified methods, and compares the results with the calculation results by the finite element method. It is indicated that the traditional simplified methods exist some problems in the view of structure mechanics and the reasonability of calculation results. Rational simplified methods of calculation load are recommended according to characteristics of different dock structures.

Abstract:Reasonable planning of the port’s gate number and road width is one of the key factors for ensuring the entire port consolidation and distribution system in the smooth transportation. At first, through researching the working characteristics of the port gate system and road transportation capacity, this paper analyzes qualitatively and gives theoretical formulas about the gate number and road traffic capacity; Then, using computer simulation technology combined with discrete event dynamic theory, queuing theory and traffic flow theory, this paper establishes the compound simulation model regarding to the number of the port gate channel and road width. Moreover, this paper carries out a simulation test on a practical case. The research method may serve as a reference for improving port’s planning and design level.

Abstract:The status of navigation in the lower Yellow River is introduced. Based on the field data, we analyze the law of the changes which of width, depth, water level and discharge before and after the water and sediment regulation in the lower Yellow River. The results indicate that after the water and sediment regulation, the erosion and broadening of the main channels are obvious, the ability of over-water is enlarged, and the condition of navigation is improved. With the field data from 2001 to 2010 in hydrological stations of Xiaolangdi, Huayuankou , Gaocun, Aishan and Lijin, we build the neural network model which includes water level, discharge and flow area, and the pertinence of the model in every hydrological station is good. The prediction result validates that the water and sediment regulation makes both the width and depth of the main channels in the downstream increase, which is advantageous to navigation.

Abstract:Adapting to the need for long reach waterway regulation technology systematically, we developed the water and sediment calculation core parallel program of TK-2DC software, and applied the parallel computing technology to the long reach flow and sediment mathematical model, which improved greatly the computation efficiency and timeliness of long reach flow and sediment simulation of model computing. We also established the long reach flow and sediment mathematical model including Shashi to Jianli, Daijiazhou to Guniusha long reach plane 2D water and sediment mathematical model in the middle reach area of the Yangtze River, and Anqing to Nanjing related waterway regulation project in the lower reach of the Yangtze River, and carried out a model forecast of waterway regulation engineering effects.

Abstract:In order to provide better service for the boatmen and improve the inland river navigation efficiency and waterway management level, we carried out a research on the construction conditions, site selection and distance of inland waterway service area based on the boatmen and experts’advices and suggestions. By analyzing the influential factors, and in combination of the actual circumstances of inland waterway in Jiangsu province, we put forward the construction conditions, the principles of site selection and recommended distance of inland waterway service area, which can be used as a guideline for the construction of waterway service area.

Abstract:Current Code for Design of Hydraulic Structure of Shiplocks (JTJ 307—2001) provides no definite regulations considering the floor’s deadweight in the internal force calculation, and various reductions have been made by different designers according to the detailed foundation conditions. Based on construction experiences and calculation analysis, Design Specification for Sluice (SL 265—2001), which indicates the floor’s deadweight is not to be considered and the reduction degree is 100%, is suggested to be utilized as the design guide and reference. And it is recommended that similar clauses and directions should be supplemented in the Code for Design of Hydraulic Structure of Shiplocks (JTJ 307—2001).

Abstract:The settlement of dredged fill soft clay foundation reinforced by surcharge preloading and combined vacuum-surcharge preloading is similar to three “S” type growth curves. There are many factors affecting the developing regularity of settlement in soft clay foundation, and three settlement prediction models based on growth curve reflect only one kind or several kinds of information characteristics of settlement developing regularity. The variable weight and “S” type growth curves combination model is established to analyze the settlement data of dredged fill soft clay foundation in land reclamation project by the combination of individual prediction model, the analytical results of engineering practice indicate that the future settlement by this method of variable weight and combination settlement prediction model is consistent with measures values, and compared with individual models, variable weight and combination settlement prediction model has good prediction accuracy. The model is reasonable to predict the settlement of dredged fill soft clay foundation.

Abstract:For a structure, if the bearing capacity of the foundation is insufficient, precast or casting piles are generally used. For the foundation consisting of whole vertical piles, the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile is influenced by many factors. Based on the analysis of the results of an example, this paper gives a list of the influential factors and corresponding weight to the horizontal bearing capacity. Furthermore, the characteristics of different connection modes of pile tops and relevant applying circumstances are also given, hoping to serve as a reference for the design of whole vertical-pile foundation.

Abstract:Loading conditions are complicated in practical vacuum preloading combined with surcharge engineering, and it has a great influence on the development of foundation settlement. The field settlement curve after full load has the same characteristics as that under equivalent linear load. According to this phenomenon, the final settlement inversion method through measured settlement of late stage is proposed based on the consolidation theory of ground with vertical drains under equivalent linear load. The method is coded into a program for application and it is used to analyze an engineering case. It shows that the result obtained by the present method is closer to that obtained by three-point method, and it can avoid the shortcomings of the three-point method using only individual data points. The final settlement predicted by the experienced hyperbolic law is the largest. It can lead to smaller consolidation degree in practical engineering.

Abstract:The governing equations of seepage analysis are derived by the law of conservation of mass, and this type of FEM issue is solved using fully implicit backward difference format. The method of FEM strength reduction of unsaturated soil is employed in construction stability analysis of the high slope. The safety factors and sliding surfaces of every construction phase on the effect of rainfall infiltration are obtained, and useful conclusions are drawn by comparing with the results of no rainfall infiltration. Furthermore, on the basis of the research results, advices on the reinforcement are proposed. The ideas and methods proposed may serve as a reference for the design and construction of similar projects.

Abstract:In piling works, both the type of the piling hammer and the driven ability of the pile are related to the penetration. Thus the penetration controlling shall be studied. Taking the Piers, Wharves & Ancillary Work at Changi East-Phase 4, Singapore as an example, we study the penetration calculations and controlling methods for pile driving and the discuss the verification and improvement measures. The analyzing result shows that the penetration calculation in piling construction provides a direct and effective method for reasonable selection of driving hammer and control of penetration both at home and abroad.

Abstract:The control of lifting transmutation of the long-large steel reinforcement cage is one of the momentous technical puzzles for the construction of super-deep T-shape diaphragm walls. Based on the analysis of the existing problems of carrying-lifting method for the lifting of steel reinforcement cage, we propose a new technical principle and technology of external-truss-lifting method for the steel reinforcement cage lifting, which was applied successfully to the construction of super-deep T-shape diaphragm walls for Port Said East Container Terminal-Phase 2 Marine Works in Egypt. The construction effect proves that the existing problems of carrying-lifting method can be well solved, the lifting technology is predigested, the efficiency and security of lifting are improved, the quantity of steel reinforcement for strengthening trusses is decreased, and good economic benefit is gained. It can be applied to the lifting construction for all shape long-large steel reinforcement cages.

Abstract:At present, there is a lack of in-depth research and breakthrough of the universal and special treatment methods for the soft soil foundation. Based on the construction practice of water conservancy engineering, this paper explores the construction techniques of caisson foundation. These techniques have been planned to be applied as the provincial construction techniques.

Abstract:As the core of digital waterway construction, Changjiang ENC has played a key role in data foundation and system support in the process of Changjiang waterway’s modernization. This article introduces the background , objective and overall architecture of Changjiang ENC system, designs the logic structure and function module for the Geodatabase, production system and application service system, mainly expounds the construction plan for the production system, which provides the theoretic and technical support for an early accomplishment of digital waterway and intelligent shipping.

Abstract:In order to overcome the shortcomings of VHF speech communication commonly used in current inland river traffic, we design an inland river shipping information automatic report system based on the key technologies of self-organized wireless data communication, GPS positioning, embedded software and hardware design, inland waters electronic chart, etc. The functions are implemented in the system laboratory prototype, which include automatic sensing to the surrounding ships, automatic alarming to dangerous ships surrounding too near, as well as automatic reporting information of shipping traffic to shore-based devices. The system have features of low realization and operation cost, automatic and accurate reporting shipping information, which improves the inland river traffic safety level.