Based on a breakwater project,aiming at the problems of breakwater structure design selection under complex conditions such as large waves in the engineering area,poor geological conditions and tight construction period,this paper compares and discusses the foundation treatment and structures from the aspects of structural stress characteristics,durability,construction difficulty,construction period and project cost using theoretical analysis and numerical calculation.Finally,the vertical caisson embankment structure scheme (with ground treatment using cement mixed piles)which can provide effective protection to the harbor area within a relatively short period is recommended .The research results can provide reference for the structure selection of similar projects.