To develop an optimal dredging construction organization plan,it is essential to consider various influencing factors along with their uncertainties,all of which interact with one another.We develop a simulation model for dredging operations in waterway dredging projects to describe uncertainties involved in vessel arrivals and departures,as well as in the dredging process of trailing suction hopper dredgers.Based on the objective of minimizing the total cost,we analyze the impact of dredging section length and the dredger fleet on dredger operation expenses,carbon emission cost and comprehensive cost.The results indicate that the proposed method based on simulation and optimization can develop a rational construction organization plan for dredging project.