With the growth of global extreme stormy weather，the damaged breakwaters of built ports have increased year by year.To summarize the research results in the field of breakwater damage mechanism and repair，thirty-four cases of domestic and foreign breakwaters damaged in recent years are collected in this paper.The four main factors that cause damage to sloping breakwater are summarized.Typical cases for each factor are introduced to propose reasonable suggestions for sloping breakwater repair and design.For a sloping breakwater with severe damage to the outer protective structure，it is recommended to use the existing structure as the core and construct a new protective armor structure for repair.For new projects with high wave heights and complex terrain，it is advisable to consider the life-cycle cost，including construction and maintenance expenses，and carefully consider the convenience of maintenance and repair.It is recommended to select a suitable cross-sectional form and artificial blocks with high robustness and ease of repair.