After decades of development，China has formed a relatively perfect container transport system，which has strongly supported the development of China’s economy and society and the implementation of opening-up strategy.In recent years，with the integration of port resources，the continuous fermentation of the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the in-depth adjustment of the global economic and trade pattern，and the “dual circulation” new development pattern，China’s container transport system also presents some new changes and new requirements.This paper composes the current situation of China’s container transport system，combines the new challenges and requirements in the new era，puts forward the future directions and priorities for improving and optimizing the container transport system.The results will better support the future preparation of China’s ports and other related planning and the high-quality development of the container transport system.