Considering the deep-water channel maintenance characteristics of Fujiangsha Waterway in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，this paper combines the basic theory of channel evolution and water-sediment movement and the analysis of the measured maintenance data to analyze the distribution of the recent channel maintenance of Fujiangsha Waterway and its response change characteristics. The results show that under natural evolution and the control of artificial management engineering for many years，Fujiangsha Waterway has formed a trend of the coexistence of three channels maintained by dredging，namely，Fuzhong，Fubei，and Funan. There is a good positive correlation between upstream runoff and dredging amount in the shallow dredging area of the channels，and the dredging area of the channels features fast dredging in flood seasons and slow dredging in dry seasons. It is suggested that the silt reduction measures for Fubei Waterway should be strengthened in the next stage.