Regarding the situation that unclear status and problem of China’s maritime transport channels and port fulcrum construction work，this paper studies the characteristics of the development status of maritime transport channels and port fulcrums，their contribution role，the requirements and shortcomings faced in the current and future. The results show that the westbound passage is the most important among four major passages. The fulcrums of overseas ports show the development characteristics of wide distribution，multiple functions and diversified participation models. The construction of maritime transport channels and port fulcrums has played an important role in improving the level of China’s external interconnection，promoting international production capacity cooperation，and serving local economic development. The future development priorities include enhancing the ability to guarantee shipping corridors in key regions，improving land interconnection networks，and optimizing the layout of overseas port fulcrums.