The bank protection project is an important part of the waterway regulation project. The stability of the bank slope is related to the overall quality of the project，the navigation safety of the waterway，and even the safety of life and property of the coastal residents. Therefore，the stability of the bank slope is very important. In order to effectively analyze the stability of the wading bank slope，it is necessary to identify the material composition of the bank slope，the position of the sliding surface，and the formation conditions and the formation mechanism in the early stage. Taking a waterway regulation bank slope collapse area as the research object，the geological survey and geological exploration of the rear edge，middle part and outer side wall of the bank collapse area are carried out，and the material composition inside and outside the bank slope collapse area is preliminarily identified. The differences in the physical and mechanical properties of the soil layers inside and outside the bank collapse area are compared and analyzed through the standard penetration number，water content and direct shear index，and the formation conditions and formation mechanism of bank collapse are analyzed. The position of the slip plane is preliminarily determined，and the proposal for the treatment of the bank collapse area is put forward.