For the evaluation of the green construction of waterways，this paper studies an evaluation index system on the green construction of the Yangtze River main waterway.The regulation characteristics of the Yangtze River main waterway and the main construction processes of the waterway regulation projects are sorted out，and the ecological environment impact of waterway regulation is analyzed.On this basis，we put forward evaluation objectives and principles on the green construction of the Yangtze River main waterway by the system analysis method and obtain an evaluation index system including 40 indices in 7 aspects，i.e.，resource conservation，habitat protection，biological protection，water environment protection，atmospheric environment protection，acoustic environment protection，and environmental management.The proposed system can provide a reference in guiding and improving the green construction of inland waterways.