In recent years，a series of ecological slope protection projects have been implemented in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River，which have strong ecological functions.In order to protect the stability of the bank slope in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and provide a good living environment for aquatic animals and plants，a new type of ecological slope protection structure is proposed.Through physical model test，the protection effect of the new ecological slope protection structure on different types of bank slopes is observed，and the change mechanism of erosion and deposition of different types of bank slopes is analyzed.The influence of different flow incidence angles on the stability of curved river bank slopes is observed，thus reasonable bank slope protection measures are put forward for different types of bank slopes.The results show that：1）Under the same conditions，the slope protection effect of the curved river is worse than that of the straight river. 2）The erosion range of the curved river slope is positively correlated with the flow incidence angle.3）Different slope protection optimization schemes are proposed for different types of bank slopes，and the effect is obvious.