In order to further deepen the relevant research on the bearing capacity of the Yangtze River channel and explore the improvement potential of the channel，we combine with the concept of ecological，economic，water resources allocation and flood control multi-objective coordination of the channel bearing capacity，take Guangyangba waterway of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as an example，combine with the channel characteristics and the mutual adaptation mechanism of influencing factors，target selection of the evaluation indicators，preliminarily construct the channel bearing capacity evaluation model system of Guangyangba waterway，and analyze and calculate the comprehensive channel bearing capacity under the channel depths of 3.5 m，4.5 m and 6.0 m. The results show that the bearing capacity is the best under the 6.0 m channel depth. Guangyangba waterway has a certain amount of depth for improvement after comprehensively considering the influence of the above targets.