Under an inland river environment，the corrosion of internal steel bars due to concrete carbonization is the primary cause for the durability failure of the port structure. To study the carbonation law of wharf pile foundation concrete under the effect of periodic fluctuation of water level in the inland reservoir，the accelerated carbonation test of concrete in general atmospheric environment and alternate dry-wet environment was carried out. Test results indicate that：1）The carbonization depth of concrete gradually increases with the increase of the carbonization time，and the carbonization rate slows down as the carbonization age increases. 2） Compared with the atmospheric environment，carbonation depth of concrete under the alternating action of a dry-wet cycle is smaller. Based on the carbonation depth model derived from Fick’s first law，through fitting and correction，a prediction model of concrete carbonation depth under an inland service environment is established and verified.Results show good consistency between the proposed model values and the tested values，which verifies the accuracy of the model. The research achievement can provide technical support for the operation，maintenance，and durability evaluation of the inland port terminal infrastructure.