In view of the complexity of the factors influencing the unloading capacity of the car dumper system，the lack of theoretical basis for capacity calculations，and the lack of actual operational data，we carry out a study on main factors influencing the capacity of the dumper’s unloading system based on actual engineering cases and statistical data. By the case study and computer simulation，we analyze the utilization rate，operating efficiency，matching of the rail yard layout and the dumper system and the impact on the unloading capacity，and propose countermeasures to improve the utilization rate and operating efficiency of the dumper and reduce its off-hours. It is an important measure to improve the capacity of the dumper system by adopting the vertical layout of the dumper yard，increasing the number of lanes at the yard，optimizing the traffic organization and production management and scheduling system to match the capacity of each part of the dumper system.