The large sand bag embankment,as a new technology for the construction of the embankment on soft soil foundation,has improved the cohesive force and integrity of the embankment and can better adapt to the deformation of the soft soil foundation.The whole mechanics and engineering characteristics of the large sand bag embankment have been changed greatly under the action of bag body.It is the basis of embankment simulation and design calculation to reasonably determine the mechanical and engineering characteristics of the sand bag and determine its influence on the overall stability of the embankment.This paper analyzes the research status of the function of bag body in large sand bag embankment,and summarizes the research results and progress of three aspects of model test,numerical analysis and theoretical deduction.At last,the pertinence suggestion is put forward to the engineering application and the future research direction.