The side orifice longitudinal culvert filling and emptying system is mainly applicable to the middle and low water head.It has the characteristics of simple structure,high efficiency and low cost.Nowadays,fruitful achievements have been made.Whereas,there are some difficult problems to study.Based on the large amount of research achievements at home and abroad,the studies on hydraulics are expatiated by layout of the filling and emptying systems,dissipation facilities,in-chamber ship’s mooring forces.Then,some disadvantages are discussed in this paper.Moreover,a new research topic is proposed,combined with jet theory and side orifice flow.It is the studies on the flow structure of the lateral wall jet whose direction is face to face.What is more,hoping to provide reference for further research in this field,the direction,methods and contents in the next stage to be researched have been detailed.