Shanghai city and Jiangsu province are selected as the benefit objects of the Yangtze Estuary 12.5 m Deepwater Navigation Channel (DNC),and benefit response of Shanghai city and Jiangsu province to the DNC during a 5-year operation period is analyzed and evaluated from 2 aspects of macroeconomic benefits and social benefits.The results show that the ratio of dredging volume to port cargo throughput of Shanghai and Jiangsu ports along the Yangtze River has slightly declined overall,and there is a decline of nearly 15% and 30% in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province respectively in the past 5 years,which has been reduced to 949 m3/104t and 327 m3/104t respectively in 2015.In 2011—2015,the GDP of dredging per cubic meter in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province has been 15～20 times and 40～60 times higher than the current domestic dredging cost of the unit price respectively,which implies that the net economic benefit of the DNC dredging is considerable.With putting into operation of the Jiangsu reach of 12.5 m Deepwater Navigation Channel and rebuilding of the harbors and wharfs along the Yangtze River,the dredging benefit of the DNC will be further increased.