The inland transportation of grain has multiple problems such as low efficiency and high consumption,and it is difficult to guarantee the quality of the grain.The Yangtze River golden waterway is an important channel of inland water transportation of grain,therefore,it is particularly urgent to maximizing advantages of the Yangtze River waterway’s large transportation capacity,low energy consumption and low cost.The Mississippi River is the main artery of American shipping,with a freight traffic of more than 10 million tons per year,and about half of the American export grain is transported across the Mississippi River.High efficiency and low cost of transportation of the Mississippi River greatly raises the competitiveness of American food in the international market.Based on the comparative analysis in three aspects including waterway,shipping vessel and ship type,we may provide reference for the grain transportation in the Yangtze River golden waterway.