For the single pile’s stability problems possibly encountered during wharf construction, this article analyses the difference of instability mechanism between elastic long-pile and rigid pile when they are in a state of single pile, presents respective stability calculation method and key steps of single pile at diverse geologic conditions, and provides the proposed value of stability safety factor for the rigid pile on the basis of project case and model test. The results may serve as reference for associated engineering technicians in the practice of wharf pile foundation construction.