It is the first time that the bottom tripod survey system is deployed in Tongzhousha reach of the Yangtze River for the purpose of studying the existing water and sediment characteristics and near bottom sediment transportation conditions during flood and dry seasons of this reach. The field data shows that the distribution of velocity is ebb tide > flood tide, deep channel ≥ high shoal > low shoal during flood tide, deep channel ≥ low shoal > high shoal during the ebb tide and spring tide > middle tide > neap tide. There is a good linear correlation between the mean velocity of flood or ebb tide and tide range with the correlation coefficient above 0.9. The distribution of SSC near bottom is ebb tide > flood tide, deep channel > low shoal > high shoal and spring tide > middle tide > neap tide. SSC during the flood season is about 1~1.5 times bigger than that during the dry season. The correlation coefficient between near bottom SSC and dimensionless coefficient v2/(gh) is about 0.5 during the dry season and about 0.6~0.7 during the flood season, a series of formula based on this correlation can be used to estimate the near bed sediment transport capacity of the Tongzhousha reach.