To investigate the stability influence law of different structural forms of channel skeleton bank protection structure，we select the best bank protection structure form，and carry out structural optimization of this form，combined with the actual situation of the Shahe Luohe to Pingdingshan shipping project，and establish several kinds of three-dimensional structural model of the bank protection slope by PLAXIS.The results show that among the three forms of herringbone，rhombus and arch skeleton，when using arch skeleton，the sliding damage surface range of the bank slope is the smallest，and the safety coefficient of the bank slope is the largest.When designing an arch skeleton bank protection structure，the influence of different arch diameters on the soil displacement of the bank slope should be considered firstly，and in the project with stricter control of the soil settlement on the bank slope，the different effects of different arch widths can be further considered.In the case of this project，it is recommended to optimize the structure of several kinds of berms by using PLAXIS 3D.This project suggests optimizing the design parameters of the arch skeleton bank protection structure from the original design scheme (arch diameter 2.5 m，arch width 0.05 m，burial depth 0.300 m) to the orthogonal scheme (arch diameter 4.5 m，arch width 0.05 m，burial depth 0.450 m)，while reducing the displacement of the bank slope soil，only increasing the amount of concrete by less than 55 m3