There are many factors affecting the selection of geotechnical engineering parameters，and the problems involved in hydropower and shipping hub projects are more complex.The indexes obtained by conventional test methods often cannot reflect the real environmental conditions.In this paper，in-situ tests of the direct shear test and load test in Naji shipping hub，Yuliang shipping hub and Laokou shipping hub are carried out in the vertical shaft，foundation pit etc，and original samples are taken from the site for laboratory tests to obtain the basic data of the physical and mechanical parameters of gravel layer.FRWS software is used for back analysis of m values.The results show that the vertical and horizontal subgrade coefficients of cobble layer increase with the increase of cobble layer density.The subgrade coefficients of gravel bed obtained by load test are larger than the empirical values given in the code，but the values are within the reasonable range.The m values obtained by back analysis are smaller than the empirical values of m in the code which belong to the empirical value of pile foundation.So the final results shall be subject to the back analysis results.