To solve the problem of ecological revetment under the action of traveling wave in restricted waterway，a new type of ecological revetment cavity structure is developed，and the model flume test of self-sailing ship is carried out to study the velocity distribution，turbulence characteristics and fish gathering effect in the cavity under the action of traveling wave. The results show that when the ship traveling wave is controlled by the complex structure of the cavity，the water flow changes from low frequency oscillation to high frequency boundary layer turbulence，the farther away from the edge wall，the greater the velocity is，and the energy tends to be evenly distributed in each frequency. The turbulence in the cavity shows a process of multiple peaks and gradual dissipating，and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy is 0.002 5 m2/s2 at the normal ship speed of 4.6 m/s. When the ship speed increases to 6.3 m/s，the maximum turbulent kinetic energy is 0.177 1 m2/s2，which exceeds the preferred kinetic energy range of crucian carp and is no longer conducive to fish habitat. Therefore，the speed limit should be set for ships sailing in key fish reserves.