At present，the design theory of sheet-pile wharf with rigid load-relieving component is not mature，and the relevant specifications do not involve specific calculation methods. Prototype observation of wharf structure is an effective method to master the working characteristics of this new structure. In this paper，combined with the structural form and main construction technology of sheet-pile wharf with rigid load-relieving component，the prototype observation is carried out，and the variation laws of parameters such as stress，earth pressure and deep soil displacement of the steel pipe sheet pile in the front wall at different construction stages are obtained. The results show that due to the small pile spacing，the soil behind the sheet pile wall is obviously compacted by the pile foundation，the bending moment of the sheet pile in the front wall and the pile foundation of the bearing platform are less than the design value，and the maximum settlement and horizontal displacement of the wharf apron are greater than the calculated value in the serviceability limit state.