For the influence of the bottom material on the anchorage site selection，we compare and analyze research results on the bottom material of the anchorage at home and abroad，analyze the anchor holding power coefficient of different anchor types corresponding to different bottom material conditions through according to anchor holding power test results，discuss the influence of the anchor type and the bottom material on the anchor holding power，and classify the anchor bottom material conditions according to the anchor holding power coefficient of different anchor types. We also analyze the influence of the bottom material on the friction of the laid chain and give the friction of the laid chain of the typical large ship on different bottom materials，and explain the influence of the length of the laid chain on the anchoring of the ship. The conclusion is drawn that the suitability of the bottom material of the anchorage is related to the type，grade，and anchor type of the ship using the anchorage. The ship type using the anchorage should be analyzed and demonstrated in detail，and the anchoring test should be carried out if necessary.