As the new crown pneumonia epidemic continues spreading at home and abroad and the Sino-US trade friction continues to escalate，the production，storage，and transportation of food in China attract public attention. In response to the above concerns，we comb the situations of China’s annual grain production，per capita possession，and inventory consumption，etc.，analyze China’s grain receiving and unloading situation of the foreign trade and the development of the domestic trade “North-to-South grain transportation” system in China’s coastal areas，research the grain transportation pattern of China’s coastal ports of both domestic trade and foreign trade，summarize the current layout of grain specialized terminals and problems existed；and propose that China’s foreign trade in grain is mainly based on soybean imports，most of which serve the grain and oil processing harbor industry，with receiving ports mainly arranged in Guangzhou Port，Rizhao Port，Tianjin Port，Qingdao Port，etc. The pattern of the domestic grain trade “North-to-South grain transportation” is basically stable：Dandong Port，Dalian Port，Yingkou Port，Jinzhou Port，and Huludao Port in Liaoning coastal area are the main loading ports in the north；while Suzhou Port，Nantong Port，Taizhou Port in the Yangtze River Delta and Shenzhen Port，Dongguan Port，and Guangzhou Port in the Pearl River Delta are main unloading and transshipment ports；Ningbo Zhoushan Port shows more obvious logistics characteristics of foreign trade import to domestic trade export. The traditional grain transshipment function of Shanghai Port has been weakened，and the layout of grain transshipment and receiving terminals in the southeastern coastal region of Zhejiang Province should be further strengthened.