The paper classifies the researches associated with the lock throughput capacity from domestic and foreign researchers, and summarizes the different topics. Those researches mainly include capacity calculation using the “unit-ship-type” method, lock-waiting time calculation based on queueing theory, research on lock service level evaluation method and criterion, simulation-based ship schedule in chamber, multi-lane locks schedule, and inland river system throughput capacity calculation, problem solving of complex system using optimizing algorithm. In the future, the main research orientation will be the general design theory and method for single-lane lock throughput capacity, and the method to calculate the throughput capacity of a specific multi-lane lock and multiple locks.