During implementing Yanglinyan Waterway and channel regulation project,a collision accident may occur among the construction ships to lead to the risk of fuel leakage in the environment of the project river section.This paper analyzes the risk points and the probability of accidental cost during the project construction,builds the oil spilling forecasting model,calculates the accident risk and consequence，and provides the data for construction and environmental management of Yanglinyan project in order to reduce the danger and hazard.