Xiazhimen 300 000 DWT artificial channel is the 300 000 DWT channel built for the first time with the maximum water depth and very complex navigation conditions in China. During the trial navigation of the waterway, 300 000 DWT large real ships are first used to carry out the observation studies of channel’s adaptability in China, and stage siltation observation studies are carried out simultaneously in the early stages of channel excavation. By the basic data of 13 300 000 DWT ship’s real-time navigation parameters and the depth monitoring data within 10 months, the rationality of the channel’s design parameters which beyond the standard is verified, and the adaptability, stability, maintainability and security of the channel is analyzed comprehensively. The analysis shows that the design parameters of the channel are reasonable, the channel can meet the requirements of the design ship’s safety navigation, and the stability and maintainability of the channel are better. These studies provide an important technical basis for the waterway traffic security, maintenance and navigation rule-making.