It is extremely rare that the caisson was affected under 13.62 m wave height of distant breaking wave in the construction of bulkhead quay. Under such a big wave height, the caisson was affected by the wave top pressure and wave bottom pressure, and the influence on the caisson’s stability is great. For obtaining a reasonable solution to the problem, this paper carried out a stability calculation of anti-slide and anti-overturning through the combined method of stressed analysis, calculation and physical model test for the caissons C6, C7 and C8 in phase Ⅰ project of Yantai west port area. The result coincided with that of physical model test. Based on the principle of soil mechanics, we put forward the combined weighting scheme for the installed and backfill caisson through behind backfill and pore filling sand for the caisson under the action of big wave height of distant breaking wave. With the method of earth pressure against wave pressure’s effect, the stability requirements of caisson’s anti-slide and anti-overturning can be satisfied and thus the safety of construction ensured.